Review Article
Breeding and Genetics of Sorghum for Striga Resistance: Future Perspectives
Diriba Beyene*
,
Morketa Gudeta,
Diribe Chalchisa
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 3, June 2025
Pages:
59-66
Received:
23 January 2025
Accepted:
13 June 2025
Published:
14 July 2025
Abstract: Sorghum is the most important cereal crop in the world. However, low yields of sorghum have been recorded due to a number of biotic and abiotic constraints. Among the biotic constraints, striga is becoming the major epidemic in most of sorghum growing areas, where soil fertility (nutrient deficiency) and moisture stress are limiting factors. The objective of these review was to review sorghum breeding strategies, methods and future implication for striga resistance. This review explore inter-specific variability among Striga species and intra-specific variation for aggressiveness must be taken into account when breeding for striga resistance. This review suggest to characterize crop germplasm, search for sources of resistance and tolerance in elite material, and improve currently available sources of resistance for agronomic performance. One strategy could be to use laboratory assays for individual resistance mechanisms as an initial screening of a larger number of breeding materials, followed by the more resource-demanding field screening. This would offer the possibility to identify resistance sources with multiple resistance mechanisms. Detecting resistance genes by their linkage to DNA markers makes it possible to screen for many different resistance genes simultaneously, without the need to inoculate with pathogens. The identification of individual genes or QTL for striga resistance and their transfer into adapted cultivars will also allow to evaluate whether there are “costs of striga resistance”, i.e., whether resistance is associated with any yield drag. Pyramiding of resistance genes to provide durable resistance is therefore greatly facilitated. In addition to selection for host plant resistance, sorghum breeders could consider selecting cultivars for specific adaptation to integrated striga management regimes.
Abstract: Sorghum is the most important cereal crop in the world. However, low yields of sorghum have been recorded due to a number of biotic and abiotic constraints. Among the biotic constraints, striga is becoming the major epidemic in most of sorghum growing areas, where soil fertility (nutrient deficiency) and moisture stress are limiting factors. The ob...
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Research Article
Hormonal Profiles in Women with Uterine Leiomyoma: A Case-control Study in a Nigerian Cohort
Patricia Ejenawome Dele-Ochie,
Fidelis Ohiremen Oyakhire*,
Babatunde Ishola Gabriel Adejumo,
Kelly Iria Esezobor,
Samson Efenarhua,
Juliana Edusola Olaniyan,
Emmanuel Onosetale Afeikhena,
Adolphus Osakpolor Ogbebor,
Aigbokan Akhere Caleb,
Eboselume Osamudiamen Joshua,
Vani Onotinamhe Usman-Onoruvie,
Grace Eleojo Obasuyi
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 3, June 2025
Pages:
67-75
Received:
27 June 2025
Accepted:
14 July 2025
Published:
7 August 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajbls.20251303.12
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Abstract: Uterine leiomyomas (fibroids) are hormone-responsive benign tumors prevalent among women of African descent. While ovarian steroids are known contributors, the roles of gonadotropins and prolactin remain less defined in African populations. This case-control study evaluated serum levels of FSH, LH, prolactin, oestradiol, and progesterone in Nigerian women with ultrasound-confirmed leiomyomas versus matched controls. Hormonal assays were conducted using ELISA, and data were analysed using SPSS v26.0 with significance set at p < 0.05. Women with fibroids had significantly higher prolactin (P < 0.001) and oestradiol (P < 0.01), and lower progesterone (P < 0.01), while FSH and LH showed non-significant increases. Among obese leiomyoma patients, the mean levels of oestradiol, FSH, LH, prolactin, and progesterone were not significantly difference across the group (p>0.05). Nulliparous women with leiomyoma had significant lower level of LH compared to multiiparous women with leiomyoma (P<0.05). Ethnically, Igbo women exhibited significantly elevated prolactin (P < 0.05), with no other hormonal differences. These findings suggest a distinct endocrine profile in Nigerian women with uterine fibroids, characterized by elevated estradiol and prolactin, and decreased progesterone. Trends observed with BMI, parity, and ethnicity imply that hormonal modulation in fibroid pathophysiology may be influenced by both metabolic and sociobiological factors. The study emphasizes the importance of considering demographic and ethnic differences in hormonal evaluation and supports the need for personalized approaches to fibroid diagnosis and treatment. Prolactin, in particular, emerges as a potential ethnic-specific biomarker with diagnostic and therapeutic relevance.
Abstract: Uterine leiomyomas (fibroids) are hormone-responsive benign tumors prevalent among women of African descent. While ovarian steroids are known contributors, the roles of gonadotropins and prolactin remain less defined in African populations. This case-control study evaluated serum levels of FSH, LH, prolactin, oestradiol, and progesterone in Nigeria...
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