-
Response of Some Bread Wheat Cultivars to Irrigation Water Quality
Khudhair Abbas Jaddoa,
Abdoun Hashim Alwan,
Khalid Ali Hussein
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
143-147
Received:
25 September 2017
Accepted:
19 October 2017
Published:
8 November 2017
Abstract: A field trial was conducted in a private farm at AL-Hur region, holy Kerbala governorate - Iraq during 2015-2016 growing season. Six bread wheat cultivars were grown, namely lpa-99 AL-Rasheed, Abu-Ghraib-3, AL-Fateh, AL-Hussein and Bohooth-22 and irrigated with three water qualities: fresh river water, drainage water and alternate irrigation (fresh river water and drainage water). The design was Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B. D) with three replicates. The objective was to investigate the effect of different irrigation water qualities on some tolerance and susceptibly criteria of these cultivars. Stress susceptibly index (SSI), stress tolerance index (STI), tolerance of cultivars: (TOI), yield index (YI) and yield stability index (YSI) were studied. Results indicated that AL-Hussein cultivar gave the highest values of grain yield (680.00, 655.00 and 569.33 g m-2) under fresh river water, alternate water and drainage water compared with the lowest values of AL-Rashid cultivar (527.33, 511.00 and 374.66 g m-2), respectively. The reduction of grain yield (g m-2) of AL Hussein was the lowest 16.28% compared with 35.64, 34.64, 33.00, 29.00 and 24.99% for Bohooth-22, Abu-Ghraib -3, AL-Fateh, AL-Rasheed and lpa-99, respectively. This means that AL-Hussain cultivar was the most tolerant to the salinity of irrigation water where it possessed the highest value 1.196 of stress tolerant index (STI) and the lowest value 0.094 of stress susceptibility index (STI) compared with other cultivars. The drainage water gave the lowest values of grain yield 429.33g m-2 compared with 601.22 g m-2 in fresh river water and the alternate water was in between 556.00 g m-2. It can be concluded, that a tolerant cultivar should be grown when salinized irrigation water is practiced.
Abstract: A field trial was conducted in a private farm at AL-Hur region, holy Kerbala governorate - Iraq during 2015-2016 growing season. Six bread wheat cultivars were grown, namely lpa-99 AL-Rasheed, Abu-Ghraib-3, AL-Fateh, AL-Hussein and Bohooth-22 and irrigated with three water qualities: fresh river water, drainage water and alternate irrigation (fresh...
Show More
-
Effect of Biochar, Farmyard Manure and Nitrogen Fertilizers on Soil Chemical Properties in Sinana District, South Eastern Oromia, Ethiopia
Abdurahman Husien,
Bobe Bedadi,
Nigussie Dechassa
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
148-153
Received:
26 July 2017
Accepted:
7 August 2017
Published:
10 November 2017
Abstract: Integrated soil fertility management could be a useful tool to maintain and improving soil fertility. Therefore, the experiment was conducted with the objective of investigating the influence of biochar, farmyard manure, and mineral nitrogen fertilizer on soil chemical properties. The disturbed soil samples were collected from five locations of each plot at optimum moisture conditions to a depth of 20 cm at the start of the experiment, after six months of farmyard manure and biochar treatments application. The treatments consisted of two levels of farmyard manure (0 and 6 tons ha-1), three levels of biochar (0, 5, and 10 tons ha-1) and three levels of nitrogen (0, 23 and 46 kg N ha-1). The results revealed that the interaction effects of biochar, farmyard manure, and mineral nitrogen fertilizer significantly (P<0.001) influenced the soil chemical properties of major contents of soil available potassium, nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen after six months. Similarly, the analysis of variance showed that the interaction effect of biochar and farmyard manure levels significantly (P<0.05) influenced soil reaction (pH) and CEC. However, the interaction effect of biochar, farmyard manure and nitrogen levels and that of farmyard manure and biochar levels as well as biochar and nitrogen levels on soil available phosphorus were non-significant. Generally, the availability of plant nutrients concentration in the soil solution before treatments of farmyard manure and biochar application was lower than that of after six months. Likewise, farmer should be advised to add small amount of mineral fertilizer to farmyard manure and biochar to improve soil properties and enhance soil productivity and quality.
Abstract: Integrated soil fertility management could be a useful tool to maintain and improving soil fertility. Therefore, the experiment was conducted with the objective of investigating the influence of biochar, farmyard manure, and mineral nitrogen fertilizer on soil chemical properties. The disturbed soil samples were collected from five locations of eac...
Show More
-
A Study of Farmers’ Awareness About Climate Change and Adaptation Practices in India
Rupan Raghuvanshi,
Mohammad Aslam Ansari,
Amardeep
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
154-160
Received:
17 October 2017
Accepted:
6 November 2017
Published:
5 December 2017
Abstract: Agriculture is the backbone of Indian economy, and climate change significantly affects agriculture productivity. The present study was conducted in one district of Uttarakhand state in the North Himalayan region of India bordering Nepal and China. The study sample comprised 110 farmers selected by using simple random sampling. Study findings indicate that all the farmers were found to be aware of the climate change, and majority of them reported “erratic rainfall, diminishing agricultural yield and increase in temperature” as the indicators of climate change. The increasing industrialisation, overpopulation and deforestation’ were perceived by farmers to be the main causes of climate change. Further, most of the farmers reported crop failures, migration to other places and flooding’ as three major consequences (impact) of climate change. The study findings will help in preparing a roadmap for policy formulation as well as undertaking mitigation measures besides helping the agriculture extension agencies to design and plan locale specific adaptation strategies and agriculture development programmes.
Abstract: Agriculture is the backbone of Indian economy, and climate change significantly affects agriculture productivity. The present study was conducted in one district of Uttarakhand state in the North Himalayan region of India bordering Nepal and China. The study sample comprised 110 farmers selected by using simple random sampling. Study findings indic...
Show More
-
Productivity of Tomato in the Greenhouse Using Bee Pollination
Asiko Grace,
Oketch Jane,
Mochorwa Jared,
Koech Christine,
Momanyi Dinah,
Nzano Patricia,
Palla David,
Mc’ligeyo Susan,
Okinyi Blaise,
Kibe Kamunyu
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
161-165
Received:
4 September 2017
Accepted:
28 September 2017
Published:
21 December 2017
Abstract: A green house was installed in October 2014. The aim was to increase tomato productivity in the greenhouse using bee pollination. The tomato plant and fruits in the greenhouse were healthier than those in the open field, attaining a maximum weight of 410 gms, for the tomato. The fruit means were: 213 and 162 gms for the inside and outside, respectively. This was highly significant (t=5.39; df=744.2; p<0.001). Similarly, the average weights of the first tomato fruits on each branch were: 117gms and 110 gms in the greenhouse and open field, respectively. The maximum number of fruits per branch in the greenhouse was eleven fruits whereas those on the outside plot were eight. Thus, productivity was higher in the greenhouse plants, with a longer production period, compared to the plants on the outside plot, due to honeybee pollination. Both the greenhouse and outside field plot tomatoes were affected by the tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta, with time, curtailing further fruit production.
Abstract: A green house was installed in October 2014. The aim was to increase tomato productivity in the greenhouse using bee pollination. The tomato plant and fruits in the greenhouse were healthier than those in the open field, attaining a maximum weight of 410 gms, for the tomato. The fruit means were: 213 and 162 gms for the inside and outside, respecti...
Show More
-
Gender Variation in Knowledge Level on Precautionary Measures against Pesticides’ Health and Environmental Hazards among Cocoa Farmers in Nigeria
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
166-173
Received:
6 November 2017
Accepted:
20 November 2017
Published:
26 December 2017
Abstract: The study was conducted in Ekiti State, Nigeria due to its predominance in cocoa production. It examined the variation in knowledge level on precautionary measures against pesticides health and environmental hazards among male and female cocoa farmers. 120 male and 120 female cocoa farmers were selected through multi stage purposive sampling technique from five Local Government Areas with predominance in cocoa production in the state. Data collected from the survey were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings indicated that male as well as female cocoa farmers in the study area had moderate level of knowledge to prevent them from the incidence of health and environmental hazards of pesticide usage, though male cocoa farmers had a better level of knowledge compare to their female counterparts. Majority (69.2 per cent Male Cocoa Farmers and 57.5 per cent Female Cocoa Farmers) had moderate level of knowledge. The overall result shows that majority 63.3 per cent of cocoa farmers had moderate knowledge in precautionary measures. This study also find out that despite that male and female cocoa farmers are knowledgeable about the precautionary measures of health and environmental hazards they seldom practice it, which in turn contributes to the incidence of the hazards. It was recommended that there should be continuous and regular training for male and female cocoa farmers as regards precautionary measures to be taken on pesticides usage to increase their knowledge base on pesticides hazards.
Abstract: The study was conducted in Ekiti State, Nigeria due to its predominance in cocoa production. It examined the variation in knowledge level on precautionary measures against pesticides health and environmental hazards among male and female cocoa farmers. 120 male and 120 female cocoa farmers were selected through multi stage purposive sampling techni...
Show More
