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Research Article
Proximate Compositions on Leaves & Seeds of Selected Drumsticks (Moringa oleifera lam.) from Northern Nigeria
Nafisat Muhammad Ndayankpa*,
Olamide Ahmed Falusi,
Oladipupo Abdulazeez Yusuf Daudu,
Mathew Omoniyi Adebola,
Abdulhakeem Abubakar
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, February 2024
Pages:
1-6
Received:
20 October 2023
Accepted:
11 November 2023
Published:
18 January 2024
Abstract: Drumsticks, Moringa oleifera (Lam.) is one of the most important cultivated and economic plant in the genus Moringa of the family Moringaceae. It is a multi-purpose foods and medicinal plants that have the potential to contribute to food and nutritional security, health care and the environment as well as the socio-economic livelihood of Sub-Sahara Africa people. A total of twenty three (23) selected unique genotypes based on phenotypic markers characterisation of 40 accessions collected in germplasm survey of 47 towns and 12 villages of 11 states including federal capital territory (FCT), in Northern Nigeria were collected from gene bank of Federal University of Technology, Minna for assessment of proximate composition of the seeds and leaves using standard procedures. The results of proximate composition of the leaves showed that NGR-ZFR-14, SOK-32, BCH-11 and ZFR-16 had the highest ash content (12.95), crude protein (35.46), fibre (8.2) and carbohydrate content (64.70) respectively. While for the seed, BEN-28 showed the highest ash (4.89) and fiber content (3.23), NG-02 had the highest fat content (43.60), the highest protein was recorded in YOB-29 (39.10). Moringa oleifera is an impressive and outstanding tree due to its exceptional value, from a nutritional as well a therapeutic point of view. It has remarkable potential in providing an inexpensive and credible alternative to not only good nutrition, but also a positive contribution to health due to the vast medicinal properties that it offers. The presence of tested nutritional chemical compounds proves why leaves and seeds of M. oleifera are used as a food source to overcome malnutrition especially in children, infants and nursing mothers.
Abstract: Drumsticks, Moringa oleifera (Lam.) is one of the most important cultivated and economic plant in the genus Moringa of the family Moringaceae. It is a multi-purpose foods and medicinal plants that have the potential to contribute to food and nutritional security, health care and the environment as well as the socio-economic livelihood of Sub-Sahara...
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Research Article
Optimal Combination of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers for Maize Yield in the Forest Savannah Transition Zone of Ghana
Olufisayo Adeyinka Onawumi,
Francis Marthy Tetteh,
Jean Christ Noel Langui,
Katleho Solomon Selele,
Jusleine Ave-Ampi-Obima
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, February 2024
Pages:
7-15
Received:
5 January 2023
Accepted:
8 September 2023
Published:
23 January 2024
Abstract: Experiments were conducted on Chromic Luvisol (Wenchi) and Ferric Lixisol (Mampong) to evaluate the effect of site-specific inorganic fertilizer rates and its integration with poultry manure on nutrient uptake, biomass and maize yield in the transition zone of Ghana. The experiment consisted of sixteen (16) fertilizer combinations (N0P0K0, N30, N60, N90, N120, N0P10K20, N30P10K20, N90P10K120, N120P10K20, N60P10, N60P0P0P0P600, N60P0P0P0P60P P10K60 and N60P10K20 PM (2.5 t/ha) two maize genotypes: Obatampa (Open pollinated cultivar) and Mamaba (hybrid maize). Treatments were carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Nutrient intake data were collected at 34 and 54 days after sowing (DAS), in maize at 34 DAS, uptake of N, P and K was significantly increased by N, P and K in fertilization, indicating an increased availability of these nutrients in the soil. All treatments were significantly higher than the control in terms of nutrient intake at 54 DAS. The main season yield of Mamaba maize variety was highest (4950 kg/ha) with N60P10K20 PM (2.5 t/ha) compared to other treatments. However, Obatanpa maize cultivar N60P10K20 with PM (2.5 t/ha) produced the highest yield compared to other treatments. Maize yields in both Mamaba and Obatanpa were significantly reduced during the short growing season due to low rainfall and planting time. In comparison, the hybrid maize (Mamaba) gave the highest yield in fertilizer than the open pollinator genotype (Obatampa). This indicates that more NPK fertilizer than open pollination is not required to show the potential yield of hybrid corn. Also, the combined application of site-specific fertilizer and organic fertilizer improved the yield of hybrid corn compared to inorganic fertilizer alone.
Abstract: Experiments were conducted on Chromic Luvisol (Wenchi) and Ferric Lixisol (Mampong) to evaluate the effect of site-specific inorganic fertilizer rates and its integration with poultry manure on nutrient uptake, biomass and maize yield in the transition zone of Ghana. The experiment consisted of sixteen (16) fertilizer combinations (N0P0K0, N30, N60...
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Research Article
Assessment of Maize Varietal Response to Mineral Fertilizer Application in Two Maize Growing Ecologies in Ghana
Olufisayo Adeyinka Onawumi*,
Mensa Bonsu,
Nana Ewusi-Mensah,
Olorunfemi Sunday Ojo Akanbi,
Zafiarisoa Theresa Agathe,
Jean Christ Noel Langui
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, February 2024
Pages:
16-22
Received:
5 January 2023
Accepted:
11 January 2024
Published:
23 January 2024
Abstract: The inadequate yield of maize among smallholder farmers in Ghana has necessitated the implementation of site-specific fertilizer recommendations and the integration of available organic and inorganic fertilizers to achieve increased and sustainable crop production. In an effort to enhance the production capacity of maize in Ghana, a field trial was conducted to assess maize cultivars in the Forest Savannah transition zone at Wenchi and Mampong research stations of the Ministry of Food and Agriculture, Ghana. The Wenchi Municipal is bounded by latitude 7° 301 & 8° 5 N and longitude 2° 15’ W & 1° 55’ E, while Mampong is bounded by latitude 9° 28’ & 7° 4 N and longitude 3° 17’ W & 2° 45’ E. The nutrients evaluated were N (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 kg N ha-1), P (0, 10, 20, and 30 kg P ha-1), and K (0, 20, 40, and 60 kg K ha-1). The treatment arrangement was an incomplete factorial to limit the number of treatments. Maize varieties, namely Obatanpa quality protein and open-pollinated (QPM, OPV) and Mamaba (QPM Hybrid), were selected for this study. These were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications per site-season. The results of the on-farm trials indicated that there were varietal influences on the grain yield, with Obatanpa having a 44% to 82% increase and Mamaba having a 24% to 54% increase over control on Ferric Lixisol. Similarly, on the Chromic Luvisol, Obatanpa and Mamaba recorded grain yield increases of 62% to 75% and 49% to 93% over control, respectively. Mamaba plots with N60P30 +3 t/ha PM recorded a 118% yield increase over control, while Obatanpa had a yield increase of 89% over control. Increasing the level of PM proportionally led to an increased maize yield.
Abstract: The inadequate yield of maize among smallholder farmers in Ghana has necessitated the implementation of site-specific fertilizer recommendations and the integration of available organic and inorganic fertilizers to achieve increased and sustainable crop production. In an effort to enhance the production capacity of maize in Ghana, a field trial was...
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Research Article
Growth and Yield of Transplant Aman Rice (BRRI dhan38) as Affected by Weeding and Zinc Level
Suria Sultana,
Md. Belal Hossain,
Md. Saiful Islam*
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, February 2024
Pages:
23-30
Received:
19 December 2023
Accepted:
2 January 2024
Published:
4 February 2024
Abstract: The study was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, University of Rajshahi, during the period of July 2019 - December 2019 to study the effect of zinc and weeding on the yield of transplant Aman rice (BRRI dhan38). The experiment consisted of two factors i.e., i) four weeding treatment viz. (control), 1, 2 and 3 hands weeding (at 20, 40 and 60 DAT) and ii) four levels of Zinc treatments (0, 5, 10, 15 kg Zn ha-1). The study was conducted in a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The area of each unit was 10m2. Results revealed that the effect of weeding was significant on plant height, number of tiller hill-1, number of effective and non-effective tiller hill-1, panicle length, number of grain panicle-1, number of effective grain panicle-1, number of non-effective grain panicle-1, weight of 1000 grain, grain yield and straw yield. Among the different weeding regimes the highest result obtaind from the three weedings (completely weed-free condition). The lowest grain yield and yield characters that contributed were produced from no weeding condition. On the other hand, zinc treatment had a significant effect on yield parameters expect the number of non-effective grain panicle-1. Among the different zinc treatment, the maximum grain yield was gained from the fourth level of zinc (15 kg Zn ha-1) and the minimum grain yield was produced from control treatment (0 kg Zn ha-1) From the results, it may be said that four weedings with 15 kg Zn ha-1 is better for transplanted aman rice yield (BRRI dhan38).
Abstract: The study was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, University of Rajshahi, during the period of July 2019 - December 2019 to study the effect of zinc and weeding on the yield of transplant Aman rice (BRRI dhan38). The experiment consisted of two factors i.e., i) four weeding treatment viz. (c...
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Research Article
Study on the Optimal Steamed Bread Quality Characteristics of New Wheat Variety Jimai0435 with High-Quality
Hua Fan,
Dungong Cheng,
Haosheng Li,
Jianmin Song,
Jianjun Liu,
Xinyou Cao,
Cheng Liu,
Jun Guo,
Ran Han,
Faji Li,
Shengnan Zhai,
Yan Zi,
Aifeng Liu*
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, February 2024
Pages:
31-37
Received:
15 January 2024
Accepted:
25 January 2024
Published:
5 February 2024
Abstract: Wheat variety Jimai0435 is recently released with high quality. It has excellent quality characteristics, especially the quality of steamed bread. In order to explore the optimal processing conditions for its steamed bread, its quality characteristics were introduced firstly, and then the effects of the fermentation time and pressing times on the steamed bread quality were focused. And the effects of fermentation time and pressing times on the quality of its steamed bread were mainly studied in laboratory. The analysis of difference significance showed that the steamed bread quality was most affected by the fermentation time before pressing, followed by the pressing times, the internal quality was affected by the fermentation time and pressing times. Based on the multiple comparison and graphic analysis of the external and internal qualities, it was found that with the prolong of fermentation time, the pressing times needed to be correspondingly increased in order to make good quality steamed bread, and the proper pressing times is 15 when the dough is fermented for 20 min, while 20 times was needed when the fermentation time is prolonged to 25-30 min.
Abstract: Wheat variety Jimai0435 is recently released with high quality. It has excellent quality characteristics, especially the quality of steamed bread. In order to explore the optimal processing conditions for its steamed bread, its quality characteristics were introduced firstly, and then the effects of the fermentation time and pressing times on the s...
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Research Article
Investigation of Agricultural Diseases and Pests in the Republic of Kiribati and the Republic of Fiji
Tang Qinghua*,
Lu Lilan,
Wang Qinglong,
Li Chaoxu,
Liu Kui,
Wu Wenli
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, February 2024
Pages:
38-45
Received:
8 January 2024
Accepted:
2 February 2024
Published:
29 February 2024
Abstract: The Republic of Kiribati (Kiribati) and the Republic of Fiji (Fiji) are two island countries in the Middle and Eastern Pacific Ocean, respectively. Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.), banana (Musa spp.), sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.), and breadfruit (Artocarpus incisa (Thunb.) L.) are the primary economic crops. To date, there have been few reports on the status of agricultural diseases and pests in these countries. From June 6 to June 16, 2023, our team investigated agricultural diseases and pests in Kiribati and Fiji. Thirty-six diseases, five pests and one parasitic plant from twenty-eight species of plants were identified in Kiribati. Among the deleterious organisms, coconut gray spot (Pestalotiopsis palmarum (Cooke) Steyaert), banana Cordana leaf spot (Cordana musae (Zimm) Hhon), hala (pandanus) leaf blight (Unidentified pathogen), breadfruit anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.), frangipani rust (Coleosporium plumierae Pat.) and noni anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.) were predominant. A total of twenty-seven diseases and one parasitic plant were identified on twenty-one species of plants in Fiji. Mango bacterial black spot (Xanthomonas campestris pv. mangiferaeindicae), banana black leaf streak (Pseudocercospora musae (Zimm.) Deighton), pumpkin virus disease (Unidentified), and frangipani rust (Coleosporium plumierae Pat.) were prevalent. The results of our survey could provide the governments of Kiribati and Fiji with basic data to control the primary agricultural diseases and pests in their countries.
Abstract: The Republic of Kiribati (Kiribati) and the Republic of Fiji (Fiji) are two island countries in the Middle and Eastern Pacific Ocean, respectively. Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.), banana (Musa spp.), sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.), and breadfruit (Artocarpus incisa (Thunb.) L.) are the primary economic crops. To date, there have been few reports...
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