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Effect of Sowing Method and Seeding Rate on Yield and Yield Components of Rainfed Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Varieties in Woliso, South-West Shoa Zone, Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, September 2017
Pages:
104-110
Received:
15 June 2017
Accepted:
14 July 2017
Published:
16 August 2017
Abstract: A field experiment was conducted on a farmer’s field in Woliso District of Oromia Region to determine the effect of sowing method and seeding rate on growth, yield components and yield of rice varieties under rainfed conditions. Factorial combinations of three varieties (X-jigna, Gumera and Superica-1), two sowing methods (broadcast and row planting) and three seeding rates (75, 100 and 125 kg/ha) were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Analysis of variance showed significantly higher difference among varieties for productive tillers, higher grain yield and total biomass. Significantly higher number of tillers at maturity and productive tillers/0.5m2 as well as higher grain yield and total biomass/0.5m2 were produced by Gumera. On the other hand, significantly greater grain yield/ha was produced by Gumera than that of Superica-1 and X-jigna. The effect of sowing method was non-significant on the growth parameters, yield and yield components of rice plants. Significantly greater grain yield/ha was obtained at seeding rate of 100kg/ha than 75 and 125 kg/ha. Hence, based on this experimentation, Gumera at seeding rate of 100kg/ha with broadcasting or row planting method recommended for Woliso areas.
Abstract: A field experiment was conducted on a farmer’s field in Woliso District of Oromia Region to determine the effect of sowing method and seeding rate on growth, yield components and yield of rice varieties under rainfed conditions. Factorial combinations of three varieties (X-jigna, Gumera and Superica-1), two sowing methods (broadcast and row plantin...
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Effect of Nitrogen and Sulphur on Nitrogen and Sulphur Uptake in Linseed (Linumusitatissimum L.) in Sinana, Southeastern Ethiopia
Reta Dargie Gudeta,
Nigussie Dechassa
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, September 2017
Pages:
111-116
Received:
7 July 2017
Accepted:
25 July 2017
Published:
16 August 2017
Abstract: Linseed (Linumusitatissimum L.) has been a traditional crop and it is the most important oil seed crop in production in the higher altitudes of Ethiopia. The needs for applying fertilizers are becoming obvious, as soil fertility has declined from time to time. Excessive use of fertilizers also affects farmers’ economy, as the crop is relatively low yielder. In order to study the effect of nitrogen and sulphur on nitrogen and sulphur uptake of the crop, field experiment was conducted in factorial based randomized complete bock design with three replications at Sinana during the main cropping season of 2013. Treatments consist of four levels of nitrogen (0, 23, 46 and 69 kg N ha-1) and four levels of sulphur (0, 20, 40, 60 kg S ha-1). The results indicated that increased nitrogen application combined with sulphur increased seed nitrogen uptake as compared with the control plot (no nitrogen and sulphur). However, increasing sulphur application combined with nitrogen at 69 kg ha-1 progressively increased seed nitrogen uptake, but it showed a declining trend combined with the rest of nitrogen levels. Seed sulphur uptake was enhanced by the application of sulphur and it was higher at higher levels of both sulphur and nitrogen. However, to come up with a conclusive recommendation, the experiment should be repeated over seasons and locations.
Abstract: Linseed (Linumusitatissimum L.) has been a traditional crop and it is the most important oil seed crop in production in the higher altitudes of Ethiopia. The needs for applying fertilizers are becoming obvious, as soil fertility has declined from time to time. Excessive use of fertilizers also affects farmers’ economy, as the crop is relatively low...
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Magnetic Treatment Reduces Water Usage in Irrigation Without Negatively Impacting Yield, Photosynthesis and Nutrient Uptake in Lettuce
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, September 2017
Pages:
117-122
Received:
15 July 2017
Accepted:
28 July 2017
Published:
6 September 2017
Abstract: Drought conditions in the Southwestern U. S. and other parts of the world, the potential future impacts of climate change and politically-charged decisions regarding the allocation of water resources continue to challenge the agricultural community to find ways to successfully grow necessary food crops using less irrigation water. In addition, in many parts of the U. S., high levels of certain salts render ground water supplies unusable for salt-sensitive crops. Salt accumulation in soil and in tissues can also be a problem when water conservation methods are applied. Methods that save water and counteract salt accumulation are needed. Historically, magnetic water treatment (MWT) has shown promise in addressing both concerns though results have been inconsistent and somewhat controversial. This study evaluated the effect of MWT on lettuce yield, photosynthetic activity and nutrient levels under various irrigation reduction regimes. In addition, Watermark soil moisture sensors from Irrometer were used to measure the matric potential of root-depth soil of MWT, and non-MWT plants under those same regimes. Results indicated that statistically significant increases in yield, total chlorophyll and concentrations of some macro and micro-nutrients in plants treated by MWT could be achieved while using significantly less water compared to non-MWT irrigation water. In addition, MWT may also help counteract the effect of harmful sodium buildup in plants when less irrigation water was used.
Abstract: Drought conditions in the Southwestern U. S. and other parts of the world, the potential future impacts of climate change and politically-charged decisions regarding the allocation of water resources continue to challenge the agricultural community to find ways to successfully grow necessary food crops using less irrigation water. In addition, in m...
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Comparative Analysis of Agricultural Credit System and Organization in Selected Countries
Erdogan Gunes,
Hormoz Movassaghi
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, September 2017
Pages:
123-135
Received:
26 June 2017
Accepted:
19 July 2017
Published:
9 September 2017
Abstract: The agricultural sector has been a key economic force in all countries, developed and developing alike. To assist farmers with their financing needs, countries have established different agricultural credit systems and organizations depending on their overall needs, goals, and historical contextual background. Such structural considerations as the aggregate size of farm lands, diversity in production systems, and farmers’ needs and wants have played an important role in shaping the evolution of agricultural credit organizations around the world. In this study, the agricultural credit systems in select developed and developing countries which offer a mix of very advanced, intermediate, and evolving systems are compared. This research aims to identify key difference of agricultural credit systems with regards to the main actors involved (governmental/private banks, credit cooperative, etc.), application processes, terms and conditions, types, and priorities. The study identifies several agricultural credit systems which reflect countries’ political, economic and structural properties.
Abstract: The agricultural sector has been a key economic force in all countries, developed and developing alike. To assist farmers with their financing needs, countries have established different agricultural credit systems and organizations depending on their overall needs, goals, and historical contextual background. Such structural considerations as the ...
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Effect of Gibberellin and Ethephon on Growth and Yield of Bread Wheat Grown in Different Sowing Dates
Khudhair Abbas Jaddoa,
Ayad Hussein AL-Maeini,
Raisan Ahmed AL-Zobiady
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, September 2017
Pages:
136-142
Received:
2 August 2017
Accepted:
14 August 2017
Published:
26 September 2017
Abstract: A field trial was conducted in a private farm at AL-Hilla, Iraq during the growing season 2014-2015. The objective of this study was to investigate the foliar application of ethephon and gibberellin on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar Iba.99 planted in different dates. Results of this experiment revealed that: application of ethephon (GR2) caused a significant increase in grain yield (an average) of 3.754 t ha-1 due to its superiority in one of the main components (number of spike.m-2) which was amounted to 328.25 spike m-2 as a result of increased number of tillers (377.18 tiller m-2). However, gibberellin (GR1) had significant increase in the weight of thousand grain (38.26 g). Planting date in November 18 (D3) significantly increased the grain yield to 5.25 tons. ha-1 due to high values of grain yield components. Most growth traits, were reflected in an increased biological yield. There was a significant interaction between planting dates and plant growth regulators (ethephon and gibberellin) in all traits, except spike length.
Abstract: A field trial was conducted in a private farm at AL-Hilla, Iraq during the growing season 2014-2015. The objective of this study was to investigate the foliar application of ethephon and gibberellin on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar Iba.99 planted in different dates. Results of this experiment revealed that: application o...
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