Amelioration of Acidic Soil to Increase Tef (Eragrostis tef (Zucc) Trotter) Yield on Smallholder Farmer Fields in Ethiopian Highlands
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, February 2020
Pages:
1-11
Received:
6 September 2019
Accepted:
28 October 2019
Published:
8 January 2020
Abstract: Crop productivity of Ethiopian highlands has been declining mainly due to high intensity of acidic soil thus amelioration is vital to improve soil properties and crop yield. Unfortunately, most farmers in Ethiopian highlands in general and in Gozamin district in particular are characterized by economically poor. This study was designed to investigate the effects integrated effects of commercial lime and low cost materials on tef yield. It was conducted under rain fed conditions of 2017 & 2018 seasons. The factorial combination of three levels lime (0, 1.5 and 3 t/ha), kitchen ash (0, 1 and 2 t/ha) and manure (0, 2.5 and 5 t/ha) treatments were laid out in randomized complete block design and replicated three times. Days to maturity were prolonged by highest application rates of lime and manure meanwhile early maturity of the crop recorded at zero application rates. Maximum number of tillers and the longest plant height were obtained at 1.5 t/ha lime and 5 t/ha manure applications. Crop yields (grain, straw and biomass) were increased linearly with manure rates meanwhile in quadratic function with application of lime. Maximum grain yield (2.12 t/ha) was obtained from combined 1.5 t lime + 0.5 t kitchen ash+ 5 t/ha manure treatment and followed by 1.97 t/ha yield through the treatment that received same rate of lime and manure with 1 t kitchen ash. These treatments were increased grain yield by more than one tone over the control. Besides, the economic analysis result confirmed that combined 1.5 t lime, 0.5 t kitchen ash and 5 t/ha manure application gave maximum net profit of 27,629 Birr/ha with acceptable MRR of 18%, thus, this application rate is optimum to increase tef production on small scale farmer fields. However, comprehensive recommendation will be drawn in future by using further findings rather than rely on a single study.
Abstract: Crop productivity of Ethiopian highlands has been declining mainly due to high intensity of acidic soil thus amelioration is vital to improve soil properties and crop yield. Unfortunately, most farmers in Ethiopian highlands in general and in Gozamin district in particular are characterized by economically poor. This study was designed to investiga...
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Highly Anticancer and Moderate Thrombolytic Property of Accacia rugata of Mimosaceae Family
Bibi Humayra Khanam,
Ahmed Rakib,
Farhana Binta Faiz,
Md. Giash Uddin,
Mohammed Kamrul Hossain,
Ramiz Ahmed Sultan
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, February 2020
Pages:
12-16
Received:
2 February 2020
Accepted:
26 February 2020
Published:
7 April 2020
Abstract: Medicinal plants containing potent bioactive compound effective in treating many diseases exert different pharmacological action. This study designed to evaluate the cytotoxic and thrombolytic activity of Acacia rugata of Mimosaceae family. The cytotoxic and thrombolytic activity was evaluated by brine-shrimp lethality bioassay and in-vitro clot lysis method. Methanol, petroleum-ether, n-hexane, chloroform and dichloromethane fraction leaves (MEL, PETFL, n-HxFL, CHFL, DCMFL), methanol and n-hexane fraction of fruits (MEF, n-HxFF) and methanol fraction of bark (MEB) were used to evaluate cytotoxicity of the plant. Each extracts showed significant cytotoxic property. The LC50 values of MEL, PETFL, n-HxFL, CHFL, DCMFL, MEF, n-HxFF, MEB were observed 1.436, 0.039, 0.974, 0.626, 0.121, 0.176, 0.865, 0.081 µg/ml when compared to standard vincristine (positive control) which LC50 value was 0.049 µg/ml. In thrombolytic activity evaluation 20 mg/ml, 10 mg/ml, 5 mg/ml and 2.5 mg/ml dose of MEL showed 40.52 ± 2.91, 35.09 ± 2.71, 31.96 ± 2.02 and 24.91 ± 3.05% clot lysis respectively while 0.9% NaCl solution (negative control) and standard streptokinase (positive control) exhibited 7.41 ± 1.73% and 48.91 ± 3.52% of clot lysis. It can be assumed that different solvent extracts of A. rugata have important cytotoxic and thrombolytic activity as compared to standard compounds.
Abstract: Medicinal plants containing potent bioactive compound effective in treating many diseases exert different pharmacological action. This study designed to evaluate the cytotoxic and thrombolytic activity of Acacia rugata of Mimosaceae family. The cytotoxic and thrombolytic activity was evaluated by brine-shrimp lethality bioassay and in-vitro clot ly...
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