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In Vitro Shoot and Callus Induction and Alkaloid Contents of Ephedra intermedia (Schrenket) of Iran
Azra Ataei Azimi,
Babak Delnavaz Hashemloian
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, February 2015
Pages:
1-8
Received:
12 December 2014
Accepted:
18 December 2014
Published:
19 January 2015
Abstract: Ephedra intermedia(Schrenket) isan evergreen shrub belongs to family Ephedraceae.The present study deals with Invitro callus induction, multiple shoots regeneration and alkaloid production of E.intermedia. Callus andmultiple shoots formation were initiated on MS medium supplementedwith different concentrations of 1-Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA)and Kinetin (Kn)hormonescombination. Alkaloid analysis was done by spectrophotometry, TLC, HPLC methods.Alkaloid was found in all tissue cultures and E. intermedia organs. Total alkaloids were higher in roots and some shoots cultures than of ephedra shoots and seeds, cultures shoots and callus. The ephedrine and pseudoephedrine were higher in ephedra roots than in ephedra shoots and seeds, all callusculturesand some shoots cultures but they balancedin roots with shoots cultures of 15 mgl-1 NAA supplemented with 10 mgl-1 Kn.This study can be utilized to initiate multiple shoots culture of Ephedrathat may provide a good source of pharmacologically active constituents.
Abstract: Ephedra intermedia(Schrenket) isan evergreen shrub belongs to family Ephedraceae.The present study deals with Invitro callus induction, multiple shoots regeneration and alkaloid production of E.intermedia. Callus andmultiple shoots formation were initiated on MS medium supplementedwith different concentrations of 1-Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA)and ...
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Comparison of the Growth Performance of Nannochloropsis oceanica IMET1 and Nannochloropsis gaditana CCMP526 under Various Culture Conditions
Yongxue Chi,
Yasuyuki Takiguchi
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, February 2015
Pages:
9-13
Received:
21 December 2014
Accepted:
12 January 2015
Published:
23 January 2015
Abstract: We studied the growth performance of Nannochloropsis oceanica IMET1 under various culture conditions, including different CO2 concentrations, temperature, or light intensities compared with that of N. gaditana CCMP526. When CO2 concentrations were changed, the growth rates of N. oceanica IMET1 and N. gaditana CCMP526 were the highest at a CO2 concentration of 2 vol%. N. oceanica IMET1 had a higher overall growth rate than that of N. gaditana CCMP526. The best growth rate occurred at 30°C, and higher growth rates were generally exhibited by N. oceanica IMET1 than N. gaditana CCMP526. The growth rate of N. oceanica IMET1 was higher than that of N. gaditana CCMP526 when light intensity was changed. These results indicate that N. oceanica IMET1 has better growth performance compared with that of N. gaditana CCMP526. The optimum growth conditions for N. oceanica IMET1 is CO2 concentration of 2 vol%, light intensity of 53 µmol/m2/s, and 30°C in modified BG11 medium.
Abstract: We studied the growth performance of Nannochloropsis oceanica IMET1 under various culture conditions, including different CO2 concentrations, temperature, or light intensities compared with that of N. gaditana CCMP526. When CO2 concentrations were changed, the growth rates of N. oceanica IMET1 and N. gaditana CCMP526 were the highest at a CO2 conce...
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Impact of Mycorrhizal Inoculation on the Development of Intsia bijuga Grown on Soil under Exotic Species Casuarina equisetifolia Plantation
Dina Ratahiriarisoa,
Nirina Christophe Rakotoarimanga,
Rondro Harinisainana Baohanta,
Herizo Randriambanona,
Marie-Ève. Beaulieu,
Damase Phambu Khasa,
Marson Raherimandimby
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, February 2015
Pages:
14-21
Received:
29 December 2014
Accepted:
11 January 2015
Published:
28 January 2015
Abstract: Installation of exotic species often influences the functioning of the soil microbial population and the development of indigenous plants. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of ectomycorrhizal inoculation on soil microorganisms and the development of the native plant Intsia bijuga grown on soils collected under exotic plantation of Casuarina equisetifolia. Two isolates of Pisolithus, Pis02 and PisE, were used to inoculate Intsia bijuga seedlings. After six months growth in a greenhouse, different parameters of plant development were evaluated: total biomass, mycorrhizal rate and chemical properties of leaves. For the rhizosphere soil, chemical and microbiological analyses were performed and enzyme activities were evaluated. The results showed that the inoculation of both ectomycorrhizal isolates caused a significant increase in phosphorus content in plant leaves and assimilable phosphorus content in soil cultures. In addition, the aboveground biomass of Intsia bijuga, the nitrogen content of leaves, the total microbial activity and the carbon content of the soil cultures were significantly higher with Pis02 inoculation. However the intensity of the acid phosphatase and the numbers of solubilizing tricalcium phosphate microorganisms and actinomycetes were significantly reduced. This study highlighted the importance of mycorrhizae in the establishment of native plants in soils under exotic plantation.
Abstract: Installation of exotic species often influences the functioning of the soil microbial population and the development of indigenous plants. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of ectomycorrhizal inoculation on soil microorganisms and the development of the native plant Intsia bijuga grown on soils collected under exotic planta...
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Relationship of Resistance to Sudden Death Syndrome with Yield and other Important Agronomic Traits in a Recombinant Inbred Soybean Population
James Anderson,
W. Clark,
M. Humberto Reyes-Valdes,
Stella K. Kantartzi
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, February 2015
Pages:
22-26
Received:
22 December 2014
Accepted:
11 January 2015
Published:
2 February 2015
Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate a recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between a recombinant inbred line (RIL) resistant to sudden death syndrome (SDS). ‘LS90-1920’ with a susceptible line, ‘Spencer’ in order to identify any significant association between yield and important agronomic traits with SDS, estimate heritability of these traits and determine whether there are traits that can be used as predictors for SDS resistance. Correlation coefficients for yield and agronomic traits (maturity, lodging, and plant height) were moderately to highly significant but there was no significant association between these traits and SDS resistance. Genotype by environment interaction was significant for all traits studied except of plant height. Maturity, lodging, plant height and SDS resistance were moderately to highly heritable whereas yield showed very low heritability. Our findings showed that environment plays a very crucial role in selection. It is showed that genotypic selection can speed up but cannot replace phenotypic selection across environments and time. Environment is important for the development and production of crop plants because it optimizes the association between the genotype and the phenotype. Highlights: Created Recombinant Inbred Line; Tested for agronomic traits including yield; Tested for disease resistance; Analyzed results to determine if Recombinant Inbred Line differed from the parental lines; Determined if traits were inherited from parents.
Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate a recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between a recombinant inbred line (RIL) resistant to sudden death syndrome (SDS). ‘LS90-1920’ with a susceptible line, ‘Spencer’ in order to identify any significant association between yield and important agronomic traits with SDS, estimate herita...
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Influence of Priming Concentration on the Growth and Yield of Amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus L.) in Sokoto Semi-Arid Zone of Nigeria
Mukhtar Musa,
Aminu Aliyu Lawal
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, February 2015
Pages:
27-30
Received:
11 January 2015
Accepted:
22 January 2015
Published:
2 February 2015
Abstract: Two field trials were conducted during the 2012 cropping season at the Fruits and Vegetable Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Crop Science, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, to evaluate the effect of priming concentration on the growth and yield of Amaranth. Treatments consisted of four priming concentrations (0%, 0.5%, 1% and 2% KNO3).The treatments were laid out in a completely randomized design(CRD) replicated three times for the germination test and randomized complete block design (RCBD) for the field trial. Data were collected on days to 50% germination, percentage germination, days to 50% emergence, percentage emergence and fresh weight. Results showed significant effect of priming concentration on days to 50% germination, percentage emergence and days to 50% emergence. Soaking seeds in 0.5% KNO3 reduced the number of days to 50% germination and emergence and also recorded higher percentage germination. Thus, it could be concluded that amaranth seeds should be primed with 0.5% KNO3 solution for faster and higher seed germination of the crop.
Abstract: Two field trials were conducted during the 2012 cropping season at the Fruits and Vegetable Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Crop Science, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, to evaluate the effect of priming concentration on the growth and yield of Amaranth. Treatments consisted of four priming concentrations (0%, 0.5%, 1% and 2% KN...
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Growth Performance of Fourteen Potato Varieties as Affected by Arsenic Contamination
Md. Nazmul Haque,
Md. Hazrat Ali,
Tuhin Suvra Roy,
Sheikh Muhammad Masum,
Md. Nousad Hossain
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, February 2015
Pages:
31-44
Received:
8 January 2015
Accepted:
22 January 2015
Published:
2 February 2015
Abstract: The different levels of arsenic (As) had significant effect on growth contributing parameters of potato varieties. All parameters studied in this experiment were decreased with the increasing As levels. The results showed that though most of the growth parameters decreased with the increasing As levels but remained statistically similar up to 25 mg As kg-1 soil and thereafter drastically decreased. Among the potato varieties, Felsina gave the maximum number of stems hill-1, stem diameter, leaf area plant-1 and also chlorophyll content (SPAD value) of leaves, irrespective of As levels. Among the treatment combinations, ‘Felsina’ cultivated with 0 mg As kg-1 soil performed the best results and the same variety with 25 mg As kg-1 soil also showed the statistical similar results in terms of growth parameters.
Abstract: The different levels of arsenic (As) had significant effect on growth contributing parameters of potato varieties. All parameters studied in this experiment were decreased with the increasing As levels. The results showed that though most of the growth parameters decreased with the increasing As levels but remained statistically similar up to 25 mg...
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