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Adaptability Study of Hot Pepper (Capsicum spps.) Varieties at Senegal, Southern Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 5, October 2017
Pages:
130-133
Received:
14 June 2017
Accepted:
30 June 2017
Published:
4 September 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.jps.20170505.11
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Abstract: A field experiment involving three improved hot pepper (Capsicum spps.) varieties and one local check was carried out at Senegal kebelle during the 2015 to 2016 cropping seasons under rain fed conditions to identify the best performing variety to the target areas of South Omo Zone. The hot pepper varieties included in the field experiment were three improved (Mareko Fana, Melka Shote, Melka Awaze) and a local check. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Phenological and growth parameters, fruit yield and yield components were studied. The result showed that plant height was significantly affected by variety while branch number was not significantly influenced by variety. Number of days to flowering and maturity were significantly affected by variety. Total fruit number per plant, mean pod weight and total yield per hectare also showed a significance difference among varieties. The highest total yield per hectare (20 t/ha) was recorded from Mareko Fana where as Melka shote, Melka Awaze and local check show no significance difference among each other Therefore, it can be concluded that use of the improved hot pepper varieties such as Mareko Fana is advisable and could be appropriate for hot pepper production in the test area even though further testing is required to put the recommendation on a strong basis.
Abstract: A field experiment involving three improved hot pepper (Capsicum spps.) varieties and one local check was carried out at Senegal kebelle during the 2015 to 2016 cropping seasons under rain fed conditions to identify the best performing variety to the target areas of South Omo Zone. The hot pepper varieties included in the field experiment were thre...
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The Participation of Apoplast Invertase in the Regulation of Photosynthesis by Stomatal Mechanism
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 5, October 2017
Pages:
134-145
Received:
25 May 2017
Accepted:
3 June 2017
Published:
8 September 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.jps.20170505.12
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Abstract: A multi-year research on the influence of donor-acceptor relations between photosynthetic and assimilate-consuming organs on regulation of plant photosynthesis has been summarized. Cause and effect relationships between chloroplast photochemical reactions, CO2 assimilation and oxygen photosynthetic metabolism, transport of sugars in the phloem, apoplastic invertase and leaf stomata activity have been established. A concept, according to which the regulation of photosynthesis at the level of an assimilate donor leaf with the change of illumination or export of products of photosynthesis is effectuated as follows, has been introduced. In case of deficiency of products of chloroplast photochemical reactions there occurs incomplete regeneration of resulting primary CO2 fixation products and rapid accumulation of oxygenated substances in cells, vacuoles and the apoplast of the leaf. Apoplastic fluid pH decrease activates the invertase and intensifies the sucrose splitting in the apoplast, which increases the osmolality of extracellular environment that is increased approaching the guard cells, where the main evaporation of water takes place. The osmolality of extracellular environment decreases the turgor of the guard cells and increases the resistance of СО2 diffusion into the leaf, which leads to photosynthesis decrease. Increased illumination or assimilate consumption activity leads to the opposite outcome. Thus, the intensity of light and dark reactions in photosynthesis is coordinated and chloroplasts are protected against photodamage.
Abstract: A multi-year research on the influence of donor-acceptor relations between photosynthetic and assimilate-consuming organs on regulation of plant photosynthesis has been summarized. Cause and effect relationships between chloroplast photochemical reactions, CO2 assimilation and oxygen photosynthetic metabolism, transport of sugars in the phloem, apo...
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Salvia caeruleobracteata (Lamiaceae), a New Species from Oaxaca, Mexico
Martha Martínez Gordillo,
Daniel Sandoval Gutiérrez,
Abisaí García Mendoza
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 5, October 2017
Pages:
146-151
Received:
28 July 2017
Accepted:
23 August 2017
Published:
8 September 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.jps.20170505.13
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Abstract: During the review of the Lamiaceae of Oaxaca, specimens of the genus Salvia were found with morphology similar to S. pannosa, from the sect. Scorodoniae. However, the new species can be distinguished from S. pannosa by being branching herbs up to 0.5 m tall, with stems and upperside of the leaf hirsute, rachis, calyx and pedicel covered with non-glandular simple trichomes, and persistent bracts, blue, acuminate apex and tomentose abaxial face with simple non-glandular trichomes.
Abstract: During the review of the Lamiaceae of Oaxaca, specimens of the genus Salvia were found with morphology similar to S. pannosa, from the sect. Scorodoniae. However, the new species can be distinguished from S. pannosa by being branching herbs up to 0.5 m tall, with stems and upperside of the leaf hirsute, rachis, calyx and pedicel covered with non-gl...
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Influence of Apple Mosaic Virus on the Growth, Yield, and Qualities of Saaz Hop
Hiroo Matsui,
Kroupa František,
Karel Krofta,
Jana Snidlova,
Takako Inui,
Kaneo Oka,
Nobuyuki Fukui
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 5, October 2017
Pages:
152-159
Received:
30 July 2017
Accepted:
21 August 2017
Published:
8 September 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.jps.20170505.14
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Abstract: The aim of this study is to elucidate the influence of apple mosaic virus (ApMV) infection on Saaz hop in the Saaz region of Czech Republic. The comparison between virus free and ApMV infection for the growth, yield and qualoties of Saaz hop was studied in one test garden in detail over two consecutive years (2010 and 2011). ApMV weakened vegetative growth and decreased hop cone yield. ApMV infection resulted in a decrease in the production of humulone (alpha acid) and essential oil. The composition of terpene compounds, which contribute to the hoppy aroma of beer, were also affected. ApMV-infected hop cones had lower ratio of mono-terpenes, and higher ratio of sesqui-terpenes than those derived from uninfected plants. Beer brewed using ApMV-infected hops had a diminished fruity aroma compared to beer brewed using uninfected hops. From these results, protecting hop plants from ApMV infection is important for maintaining both quantity and quality of hop. In some commercial gardens, it was confirmed that hop plants have been maintained virus-free for over 20 years. This fact suggests that good field practices can protect hop plants from virus infections.
Abstract: The aim of this study is to elucidate the influence of apple mosaic virus (ApMV) infection on Saaz hop in the Saaz region of Czech Republic. The comparison between virus free and ApMV infection for the growth, yield and qualoties of Saaz hop was studied in one test garden in detail over two consecutive years (2010 and 2011). ApMV weakened vegetativ...
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Screening of Potential Shrubs for Bee Forage Development
Tura Bareke,
Admasu Addi,
Kibebew Wakjira
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 5, October 2017
Pages:
160-164
Received:
22 July 2017
Accepted:
2 August 2017
Published:
26 October 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.jps.20170505.15
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Abstract: Availability of adequate honeybee forage plants is very important for honey production. The study was therefore conducted to screen the best performing bee forages from five plant species with a view to selecting for honey production for high and mid land agro-ecologies. The planting materials were Vernonia amygdalina, Buddleja polystachya, Callistemon citrinus, Dovyalis caffra and Chamecytisus proliferus. The species were evaluated based on the number of flower heads per plants, foraging intensity of honeybees, flowering length and amount of pollen. C. citrinus, C. proliferus and V. amygdalina were set flower with the ranges of two to three and half years while B. polystachya, and D. caffra didn’t reach to set flower up to the end of five years. V. amygdalina and C. proliferus provides significantly higher pollen compared to C. citrinus. Average number of flower heads per plant were highest for C. proliferus and it was significantly different (p<0.05) from the rest. The flowering time of C. citrinus, C. proliferus and V. amygdalina are almost during the dearth period at which only a few bee forage plant species in flower around the area. V. amygdalina and C. citrinus was highly foraged by honeybees from 10:00am-12:00 am, while C. proliferus 10:00 am -2:00pm. C. citrinus has the highest flowering time with duration up to six months in a blooming state having lots of flower heads and the rest months with few flowers. Generally, the study revealed that C. citrinus, C. proliferus and V. amygdalina were selected as major bee forage plants. However, it requires further evaluation particularly on nectar volume and sugar concentration for these plants and their integration with watershed development is recommended. Since they were flowered in dearth period and their further multiplication is recommended to increase honey production.
Abstract: Availability of adequate honeybee forage plants is very important for honey production. The study was therefore conducted to screen the best performing bee forages from five plant species with a view to selecting for honey production for high and mid land agro-ecologies. The planting materials were Vernonia amygdalina, Buddleja polystachya, Callist...
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Influence of Different Nutrient Concentrations and Population Densities on the Root System of Arabidopsis thaliana
Jiashu Chu,
Audrey Jia Qi Gwee,
Zhong Chen
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 5, October 2017
Pages:
165-169
Received:
12 June 2017
Accepted:
28 June 2017
Published:
2 November 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.jps.20170505.16
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Abstract: This study examined the modifications made to the root system architecture of Arabidopsis thaliana when subjected to an increase in population (biotic) and a decrease in nutrient concentration (abiotic). Population density was found to have significant effect on number of root hairs (p<0.05) while nutrient concentration was found to have significant effect on length of primary root and number of lateral roots (p<0.05). Furthermore the study showed that Arabidopsis thaliana modifies its root system architecture in response to different growing conditions separately but it did not show significant interaction for ‘population density x nutrient concentration’ in all response variables (p>0.05). This work could serve as a guideline when considering sowing density and fertilizer application to other crop species.
Abstract: This study examined the modifications made to the root system architecture of Arabidopsis thaliana when subjected to an increase in population (biotic) and a decrease in nutrient concentration (abiotic). Population density was found to have significant effect on number of root hairs (p<0.05) while nutrient concentration was found to have signifi...
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