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Design for Fabrication of Effective Seed Cane Hot Water Treatment Plant for Ethiopian Sugar Estates/Projects
Endale Wondu,
Tadesse Negi,
Wendimu Weldegiorgis,
Alemayehu Dengiya
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, September 2015
Pages:
225-229
Received:
1 July 2015
Accepted:
16 July 2015
Published:
28 July 2015
Abstract: Sugarcane is prone to infection by a large number of diseases that can impact significantly on productivity. Diseases caused by systemic pathogens (those that occur within the plant tissues) can introduce into a new crop by the planting of infected seed cane. So as to avoid such disease causing systemic organisms treatment of the seedcane is mandatory. The initial treatment of the seedcane often includes the routine application of thermotherapy to eliminate fungal and bacterial pathogens as well as pests. Especially for the control of smut, RSD and Albino (Mycoplasma) hot water treatment is preferable; because most of infections are killed at a temperature slightly lower than that lethal for sugarcane. Therefore, Hot water Treatment is an effective method for the elimination of pathogenic infections that are seed piece transmissible. Uniformity of temperature, proper circulation of water, Keeping 1: 4 and avoiding heavy packing of seed materials are the main requisites for successful treatment. Keeping the above facts in to consideration a rotary circular pattern treatment tanker and an automatically controlled heating tanker has been designed at Wonji/showa. The plant is designed to use both steam and electric power independently or simultaneously as a source of heat by making simple adjustment on the heating tanker. The treatment plant incorporates three successive tankers namely; 1. Water heating tanker on which the heating, limit switch and water circulating mechanisms are installed. 2. Seed cane treatment tanker on which water circulating, temperature control and avoiding heavy dumping mechanisms are installed. 3. Fungicide dipping tanker. The three tankers have been designed to plant with chronological order of the work flow and a bulk of planting material will be successfully treated by this system.
Abstract: Sugarcane is prone to infection by a large number of diseases that can impact significantly on productivity. Diseases caused by systemic pathogens (those that occur within the plant tissues) can introduce into a new crop by the planting of infected seed cane. So as to avoid such disease causing systemic organisms treatment of the seedcane is mandat...
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Improvement of Granular Subgrade Soil by Using Geotextile and Jute Fiber
Md. Akhtar Hossain,
Akib Adnan,
Md. Maskurul Alam
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, September 2015
Pages:
230-235
Received:
30 January 2015
Accepted:
22 April 2015
Published:
5 August 2015
Abstract: Geotextiles and jute fibers both have been successfully used for reinforcement of soils to improve the bearing capacity. In the present study, firstly the geotextile is used as a tensional material for reinforcement of granular soils. Laboratory California Bearing Ratio (CBR) tests were performed to investigate the load-penetration behavior of reinforced and unreinforced granular soils with geotextile. By placing geotextile at certain depth within sample height in one, two or three layers were tested under soaked condition to investigate the effects of the number of geotextile layer on the increase in bearing capacity. Secondly, laboratory tests were performed to investigate the behavior of granular soil reinforced with jute fiber of various aspect ratio mixed with soil at 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% by weight of the soil. Finally, the granular soil was reinforced with the combination of geotextile (top and middle layer of the sample) and jute fiber (0.5% and 1% by the weight of soil). The experimental results were then studied and compared to determine the most effective combination of geotextile and jute fiber to reinforce the studied granular soil.
Abstract: Geotextiles and jute fibers both have been successfully used for reinforcement of soils to improve the bearing capacity. In the present study, firstly the geotextile is used as a tensional material for reinforcement of granular soils. Laboratory California Bearing Ratio (CBR) tests were performed to investigate the load-penetration behavior of rein...
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Combined Heat and Mass Transfer Steady Flow of Viscous Fluid over a Vertical Plate with Large Suction
S. M. Arifuzzaman,
Md. Manjiul Islam,
Md. Mohidul Haque
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, September 2015
Pages:
236-242
Received:
6 August 2015
Accepted:
10 August 2015
Published:
19 August 2015
Abstract: Combined heat and mass transfer of a viscous fluid along a semi-infinite vertical plate with large suction is studied analytically. Perturbation technique is used as main tool for the analytical approach. Viscous fluid behavior of heat and mass transfer over a vertical plate with large suction has been considered and its similarity equations have been obtained. Similarity equations of the corresponding momentum, temperature and concentration equations are derived by employing the usual similarity technique. The dimensionless similarity equations for momentum, temperature and concentration equation solved analytically by perturbation technique. The obtained numerical values of fluid velocity, temperature and concentration are drawn in figures. The results are discussed in detailed with the help of graphs to observe the effects of various parameters on the flow variables. Lastly, the important findings are concluded here
Abstract: Combined heat and mass transfer of a viscous fluid along a semi-infinite vertical plate with large suction is studied analytically. Perturbation technique is used as main tool for the analytical approach. Viscous fluid behavior of heat and mass transfer over a vertical plate with large suction has been considered and its similarity equations have b...
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Okras (Abelmoschus Esculentus L. Moench) Drying Behaviour After Undergoing Blanching or Combined Dewatering-Impregnation-Soaking Process (DISP)/Blanching
Jiokap Nono Yvette,
Aseaku Jude Nkengbeza,
Desmorieux Helene,
Degraeve Pascal,
Kamga Richard
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, September 2015
Pages:
243-253
Received:
3 August 2015
Accepted:
19 August 2015
Published:
29 August 2015
Abstract: Traditional (solar) drying of okra fruits (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) often gives products of poor storage quality, short shelf life and unpleasant sight. This study assesses the suitability of a dewatering-impregnation-soaking process (DISP) and blanching prior to drying as a means of improving the stability and the appearance of the dried okras. The DISP/Blanching pre-treatment involved immersing whole okra fruits for 12 hrs in a warm concentrated osmotic solution (made of NaCl, ascorbic acid, citric acid and ”kanwa”) that was progressively cooled from 85°C to room temperature (~ 24°C), before drying at 40°C. Compared to simple blanching, the DISP/Blanching pre-treatment yielded dry products that were better appreciated both to the touch and to the sight. The combined DISP/Blanching and drying process gave averages of (78.1 ± 3.6) % weight reduction, (9.1 ± 0.5) % solute gain and (87.2 ± 4.0) % water loss. The total water loss was due at 35.6 % to the DISP/blanching pre-treatment and at 64.4 % to the further drying process. The results obtained here demonstrate the possibility of improving the storage quality of dried okra through the combined DISP/Blanching pre-treatment, reducing post-harvest losses and improving the market quality of dry products. This treatment could be applied industrially to enhance the presentation of tropical vegetables in international markets.
Abstract: Traditional (solar) drying of okra fruits (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) often gives products of poor storage quality, short shelf life and unpleasant sight. This study assesses the suitability of a dewatering-impregnation-soaking process (DISP) and blanching prior to drying as a means of improving the stability and the appearance of the dried ...
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Flow Analysis in Shell Side on the Effect of Baffle Spacing of Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger
Su Pon Chit,
Nyein Aye San,
Myat Myat Soe
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, September 2015
Pages:
254-259
Received:
11 August 2015
Accepted:
21 August 2015
Published:
29 August 2015
Abstract: In this paper, the flow analysis in shell side on the effect of baffle spacing of shell and tube heat exchanger has been studied using theoretical and numerical methods. The researched is carried out in shell and tube heat exchanger for oil cooler of Locomotive. The shell side pressure drop for acceptable limits is 0.3 bar for shell and tube heat exchanger of oil cooler of Locomotive. In the theoretical method, the effect of different geometric parameters and thermal energy exchange in shell side flow has been considered. Theoretical is calculated for eight baffle spacings are namely 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 and 0.9 of inside diameter of shell. Then, suitable baffle spacing occur 0.5 of inside diameter of shell because it is less than allowable pressure drop. The design is satisfied because the pressure drop for shell side 0.289 bar is lower than the limited pressure drop,0.3 bar. The flow of the shell side was also analyzed using COMSOL Multiphysis with suitable baffle spacing. The pressure values from the simulations results compared with theoretical.
Abstract: In this paper, the flow analysis in shell side on the effect of baffle spacing of shell and tube heat exchanger has been studied using theoretical and numerical methods. The researched is carried out in shell and tube heat exchanger for oil cooler of Locomotive. The shell side pressure drop for acceptable limits is 0.3 bar for shell and tube heat e...
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On the Geotechnical Properties of Lateritic Gravels from the Quarries of Lam-Lam and Mont-Rolland (Western Senegal) – Implications for Their Use in Road Construction
Seybatou Diop,
Ignace Gbaguidi,
Fary Diome,
Momar Samb
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, September 2015
Pages:
260-264
Received:
27 August 2015
Accepted:
11 September 2015
Published:
26 September 2015
Abstract: Samples of laterite soils from the quarries of Lam-Lam and Mont-Rolland (Thiès Department/Western Senegal) were investigated in the laboratory following the standard procedures suggested by the French norms. The main objective was directed at evaluating the geotechnical properties and the suitability for use as aggregates in road construction. The investigation revealed low load-bearing capacity (CBR of 61-65) as the primary technical parameter that constrained their suitability in road structure based on the general technical specifications. The bulk material meets the requirement for use as aggregates in road sub-grades, but does not fulfill the criteria for use as sub-bases in road construction; thus there is the need for necessary pretreatment in order to enhance their mechanical performance. The observed low bearing capacity can be attributed to the relative abundance of fines particles which tends to decrease the mechanical resistance and performance of aggregates, particularly in wet conditions.
Abstract: Samples of laterite soils from the quarries of Lam-Lam and Mont-Rolland (Thiès Department/Western Senegal) were investigated in the laboratory following the standard procedures suggested by the French norms. The main objective was directed at evaluating the geotechnical properties and the suitability for use as aggregates in road construction. The ...
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