Bed-sore and Associated Factors Among Patients Admitted at Surgical Wards of Wolaita Sodo University Teaching and Referral Hospital, Southern Ethiopia
Aseb Arba,
Melese Meleku,
Atinafu Nega,
Esayas Aydiko
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, July 2020
Pages:
56-62
Received:
9 June 2020
Accepted:
19 June 2020
Published:
23 July 2020
Abstract: Background: Bed sore has long been recognized as major cause of morbidity, mortality and health care burden globally and worst in developing countries like Ethiopia. It is one of key performance indicators of quality of care provided to patient. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess magnitude of bed sore and associated factors among patients admitted to surgical ward of Wolaita Sodo University Teaching and Referral Hospital, South Ethiopia. Method: We conducted institution-based cross-sectional study from February- June, 2019. A systematic random sampling technique was applied to select 237 patients who were admitted to surgical ward of Hospital. We collected data through face to face interview using a structured and pretested questionnaire, prepared check lists and physical examination. After collection, we entered data into Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 23. We conducted descriptive analysis and logistic regressions to identify factors associated with dependent variable. We declared presence of statistically significant association at p-value less than 0.05 at 95% confidence interval. Results: Eight patients or 3.4% among 237 admitted patients developed bedsore. Patients older than fifty three years (AOR=11.84, 95%CI (1.05, 133.259), living in rural area (AOR=6.64, 95%CI (1.09, 40.58) and being bedridden patient (AOR=7.82, 95%CI (1.27, 48.38) possessed factors associated with bedsore development. Conclusion and recommendation: The magnitude of bed sore was medium; but it needs improvement because it is one of criteria that indicate quality of service rendered in hospital. Bedsore occurrence was associated with increasing age, rural residence and being bedridden patient. Therefore, frequent positioning of the patient and health education for patients from rural areas and special and frequent care for those unable to care for themselves were needed to minimize occurrence of bed sore.
Abstract: Background: Bed sore has long been recognized as major cause of morbidity, mortality and health care burden globally and worst in developing countries like Ethiopia. It is one of key performance indicators of quality of care provided to patient. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess magnitude of bed sore and associated factors among patients ad...
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Reactions of the Autonomic Nervous System of Healthy Male Humans on the Natural and Simulated Conditions of the Geomagnetic Field
Ketevan Janashia,
Levan Tvildiani,
Tamar Tsibadze,
Nikoloz Invia,
Vasili Kukhianidze,
George Ramishvili
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, July 2020
Pages:
63-70
Received:
22 June 2020
Accepted:
13 July 2020
Published:
4 August 2020
Abstract: Background: The geomagnetic environment is very sensitive to changes in “Space weather” (SW) and its manifestations on the Earth. The human body is adapted evolutionarily to the slight alterations of the geomagnetic field (GMF). Objective: The aim of this work is to test the hypothesis on whether different levels of GMF causing specific stress-reactions in humans' autonomic nervous system (ANS) depending on the levels of GMF. Subjects & method: This is a randomized control study, in which took part n=62, 18-24 years old healthy male volunteers. We measured their ANS responses via heart rate variability (HRV) and stress index (SI) to compare them with the K index of GMF (the magnitude of GMF during geomagnetic storms (GMS)). Experiments were performed as in natural as well as in the lab conditions by simulation of different geomagnetic activity (GMA) using the pilot device of GMS compensation/simulation. Results: In comparison with quiet magnetic days (K=1-3), the initial values of HRV significantly shifted towards intensification of the sympathetic part (SP) of the ANS during days of GMSs (K=5-7). Significantly shifts in both parts of ANS (sympathetic/parasympathetic) were observed during short-term exposure to simulated GMSs (K=7, the magnetic induction B=200nT) in comparison with conditions during compensated GMSs (K=0, B=0-5nT). Conclusion: The results indicate an intensification of the ANS as a stress reaction in healthy humans when it is exposed to high levels of GMF in both natural or simulated conditions, however, the initial regulation types of the ANS (balanced/parasympathetic) results in different dynamics in its variation as a function of the GMF level.
Abstract: Background: The geomagnetic environment is very sensitive to changes in “Space weather” (SW) and its manifestations on the Earth. The human body is adapted evolutionarily to the slight alterations of the geomagnetic field (GMF). Objective: The aim of this work is to test the hypothesis on whether different levels of GMF causing specific stress-reac...
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Burden, Predictors and Short-Term Outcomes of Traumatic Brain Injury Among Patients Admitted to Ugandan Intensive Care Units
Agnes Wabule,
Kavuma Arthur Mwanje,
Daniel Obua,
Janat Tumukunde,
Jane Nakibuuka,
Samuel Kizito,
Peter Kaahwa Agaba,
Mary Theresa Nabukenya,
Emmanuel Timarwa Ayebale,
Arthur Kwizera
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, July 2020
Pages:
71-77
Received:
15 June 2020
Accepted:
3 August 2020
Published:
13 August 2020
Abstract: Severe Traumatic brain injury (STBI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among young individuals worldwide with worse outcomes being registered in low-income countries. Brain trauma foundation recommends the management of patients with TBI in the intensive care unit (ICU) to prevent secondary brain injury for improved outcome. However, Uganda being a low-income country, still grapples with the availability of ICU resources and space. Information regarding burden, predictors and short-term outcomes of ICU patients with TBI in Uganda has never been reconnoitered. A multicenter prospective observational cohort was conducted between 2013 to 2015 at four Ugandan ICUs. During the study period, we consecutively enrolled 387 critically ill, adult patients with TBI to determine the burden, predictors and short term outcomes in these patients. Baseline demographics, clinical and treatment parameters were recorded and followed till discharge from ICU or death. Of 387 patients enrolled in the study, 277 (71.6%) had moderate TBI, while 113 (29.2%) patients had STBI. The highest burden of TBI was recorded among patients assaulted through mob violence, recorded at 17/21 (81.0%), as shown in table 5. The overall mortality was at 34.4% (95/277) among patients with moderate or severe TBI, and 46.9% (53/113) among patients with STBI alone. Mortality was relatively higher among patients brought by the police, and those brought in at night. Multivariate analysis showed patient intubation, lack of antibiotic use, failure to transfuse, tracheostomy tube not inserted, and being involved in RTA or sustaining a fall were significantly associated with mortality among patients with TBI. We found a high burden of TBI and mortality among ICU patients. Despite limited resources in the local setting, inexpensive and locally available measures can reduce on the length of patient’s stay in the ICU and eventually decrease on the mortality. Improvement in prehospital as well as early trauma and airway care, antibiotic use, blood transfusion plus public health safety measures may reduce on the burden of TBI as well as improve outcomes.
Abstract: Severe Traumatic brain injury (STBI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among young individuals worldwide with worse outcomes being registered in low-income countries. Brain trauma foundation recommends the management of patients with TBI in the intensive care unit (ICU) to prevent secondary brain injury for improved outcome. However, Ug...
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