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The Evaluation of Carotid Intima Thickness in Clinical and Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Effects of Thyroid Hormone Treatment
Ayşe Neslin Akkoca,
Zeynep Tuğba Özdemir,
Gül Soylu Özler,
Laika Karabulut
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2014
Pages:
59-63
Received:
25 April 2014
Accepted:
17 June 2014
Published:
30 June 2014
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajcem.20140204.11
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Abstract: Objectives: In this study, our aim was to investigate the CA-IMT in clinical hypothyroidism(CH) and subclinical hypothyroidism(SCH) and the effects of L-thyroxine replacement. Materials and methods: The study group consisted of 20 patients with clinical hypothyroidism(CH group) and 20 patients with subclinical hypothyroidism(SCH group) and 20 patients with with normal thyroid hormone function tests (control group). Serum TSH, fasting glucose, lipid profile(total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride),HbA1c,insulin,HOMA and carotid intima media thickness(CA-IMT) of all subjects were measured at admission. Thereafter, all hypothyroid patients received L- thyroxine treatment. The previous tests were re-examined after achievement of euthyroidism for 6 months. The results of the tests before and after L- thyroxine treatment were compared. Results: The levels of TSH, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL for CH and SCH group were statistically different before and after treatment(p≤ 0.05). The levels of glucose, HDL,VLDL, HbA1c, insulin and HOMA for CH and SCH group were similar before and after treatment(p≥ 0.05). The difference of CA-IMT for both sides before and after treatment was statistically significant(p ≤0.05). Conclusion: This study suggests that subjects with clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism are characterized by an increment in the CA-IMT resulting from an adverse lipid profile, which can be reversed by thyroid hormone replacement. So, thyroid hormone replacement may be helpful to prevent or at least slow down atherosclerosis in hypothyroid subjects.
Abstract: Objectives: In this study, our aim was to investigate the CA-IMT in clinical hypothyroidism(CH) and subclinical hypothyroidism(SCH) and the effects of L-thyroxine replacement. Materials and methods: The study group consisted of 20 patients with clinical hypothyroidism(CH group) and 20 patients with subclinical hypothyroidism(SCH group) and 20 patie...
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Comparison of LPA1 and LPA2 Receptor Expression with Proliferative and Prognostic Factors in Endometroid Carcinomas and Endometrial Hyperplasias
Ayşegül Kaynar,
Serdar Yanık,
Ayşe Neslin Akkoca,
Raziye Kurt,
Ozan Turgut,
Zeynep Tuba Özdemir,
Nurdan Tatar,
Ufuk Usta
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2014
Pages:
64-69
Received:
16 June 2014
Accepted:
1 July 2014
Published:
10 July 2014
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajcem.20140204.12
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Abstract: Objective: In this study we aimed to evaluate the staining patterns of lysophosphatidic acid in endometrial carcinomas(EC) and endometrial hyperplasias(EH). Materials and Method: Sixty diagnostic cases were included in this study in order to evaluate the staining patterns of lysophosphatidic acid in EC and EH. EC was diagnosed in 20 of the cases, EH with atypia was present in 20 and EH without atypia was evident in 20 of the cases. Patients staged according to FİGO(International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics,2014). After performing the new sections on each of these cases, 55 routine Hematoxylin and eosin staining was repeated, sections of chosen diagnostic blocks were stained immune histologically with LPA1(Lysophosphatidic acid 1), LPA(Lysophosphatidic acid 2), MMP-2(Matrix metalloproteinase 2) and Ki-67 antibodies. Results: According to the data obtained, LPA1 showed most intense staining in cases with EH without atypia, however endometrioid type endometrial carcinoma (EEC) cases had the levels very close to this. Furthermore, it was found that there was a reverse correlation between LPA1 staining and histological grade in cases with EEC. It was noted that highest level of LPA2 staining was in cases that had EH with atypia where as lowest level was seen in cases with EEC cases. No relationship between LPA2 and the grade in cases with EEC. It was found that MMP-2 increased linearly with the histological grade in cases with EEC. Correlation tests done among LPA1, LPA2 and MMP-2 antibodies revealed moderate degree of relation only between LAP1 and MMP-2 scores in cases with EEC. No significant relation could be shown in correlation test done between LPA1 and LPA2 and Ki-67, a marker for proliferation index. Conclusion: When correlation of LPA1, LPA2 and MMP-2 H scores with stages of EEC cases was taken into account, the average LPA1 H score was higher in stage 1, while H score averages of LPA2 and MMP-2 H scores were higher in stage 2+3 tumors, however these differences were not statistically significant.
Abstract: Objective: In this study we aimed to evaluate the staining patterns of lysophosphatidic acid in endometrial carcinomas(EC) and endometrial hyperplasias(EH). Materials and Method: Sixty diagnostic cases were included in this study in order to evaluate the staining patterns of lysophosphatidic acid in EC and EH. EC was diagnosed in 20 of the cases, E...
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Isolation and Serological Evidences in Suspected Leptospirosis Cases in and Around Chennai
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2014
Pages:
70-73
Received:
24 June 2014
Accepted:
7 July 2014
Published:
20 July 2014
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajcem.20140204.13
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Abstract: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic infection, which occurs mostly in persons venturing in aquatic environment, like farmers and sanitary workers. The objectives of the study were to isolate leptospires and to screen for leptospiral antibodies by MAT and IgM and IgG plate ELISAs to ascertain leptospirosis among suspected leptospirosis cases in and around Chennai. 198 cases of suspected leptospirosis cases attending government and private hospitals in Chennai, were included for this study. Blood samples collected in triplicate at an interval of 7 days from each case, were subjected to culture and leptospiral antibody detection by MAT and IgM and IgG plate ELISAs. The corresponding urine samples were screened for culture only. Out of the 198 cases, 118 (59.5%) were positive by MAT and 124 (62.6%) were positive by IgM and IgG plate ELISAs. Only two isolates of leptospira were possible, that too in urine only. One of the isolates belonged to serogroup Canicola and the other to Autumnalis. To conclude, leptospirosis is endemic in and around Chennai and so proper identification, diagnosis and treatment, apart from prophylactic measures are required.
Abstract: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic infection, which occurs mostly in persons venturing in aquatic environment, like farmers and sanitary workers. The objectives of the study were to isolate leptospires and to screen for leptospiral antibodies by MAT and IgM and IgG plate ELISAs to ascertain leptospirosis among suspected leptospirosis cases in and around C...
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Assessment of the Success Rate of Conservative Adhesive Resin Restoration (CAR) in First Permanent Molar Teeth Treatment in Hamadan, Iran
Rezvan Rafatjou,
Mahshad Nikfar,
SHokoufeh Nobahar,
Mohammadfoad Amini,
Seyed-Mostafa Hosseini-Zijoud
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2014
Pages:
74-78
Received:
12 July 2014
Accepted:
23 July 2014
Published:
30 July 2014
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajcem.20140204.14
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Abstract: Background & aim: Dental caries is one of the most common childhood diseases in the world. Pit and fissure caries constitute more than 80% of all caries in children and adolescents. Although occlusal surfaces account for only 12.5% of tooth surfaces, approximately 60% of dental caries are observed in these surfaces. Caries preventive methods include fluoride therapy, fissure sealant, and conservative adhesive restoration (CAR). Although CAR method has been increasingly applied for the prevention of dental caries progression, little research has been conducted so far. Despite the advantages of CAR method, this technique is time-consuming and uneconomical for the patient and health care system. In this study, we aimed to assess the one year success rate of CAR in caries prevention at Hamadan Dental School, Hamadan, Iran. Methods & Patients: In this cross-sectional study, the estimated sample size was 150 treated first permanent molar teeth. We examined variables such as CAR success or failure (retention and caries prevention), need for re-treatment, frequency of tooth brushing, previous history of fluoride therapy, Decayed-Missing-Filled Permanent Teeth (DMFT) index, decayed-missing filled deciduous teeth (dmft) index, dental visit, and current dental treatment. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Results: Fifty-seven patients were examined, among whom 24 (42%) were male and 33 were female (58 %). The age range of the subjects was 7-13 years. A total of 125 molar teeth were studied, of which 88 (70.4%) and 37 (29.6%) belonged to female and male subjects, respectively. According to the results, the association between CAR and the patient’s age was significant (P˂0.05); also, there was a significant difference in using fluoride and CAR success (P=0.001). Conclusion: There is a significant association between the patient’s age, use of fluoride mouth rinse, and treatment success rate. In addition, older cases showed better response to CAR.
Abstract: Background & aim: Dental caries is one of the most common childhood diseases in the world. Pit and fissure caries constitute more than 80% of all caries in children and adolescents. Although occlusal surfaces account for only 12.5% of tooth surfaces, approximately 60% of dental caries are observed in these surfaces. Caries preventive methods includ...
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Pattern of Acute Poisoning in Al Majmaah Region, Saudi Arabia
Zeinab Abd Elmohdy Abd-Elhaleem,
Badar AbdulMohsen Al Muqhem
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2014
Pages:
79-85
Received:
15 July 2014
Accepted:
28 July 2014
Published:
10 August 2014
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajcem.20140204.15
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Abstract: Background: Acute poisoning is a common situation in emergency departments all over the world. It may cause severe complications and death. Treatment of these cases requires great medical care and significant costs. There are many differences with respect to the pattern and cause of acute poisoning between geographical regions, even within the same country. Objective: This study was carried out to assess the pattern of acute poisoning with drugs, chemicals and natural toxins in both adults and children in Al Majmaah region, Saudi Arabia. Methods: The study was conducted at King Khaled Hospital in Al Majmaah region. The medical records of cases who were admitted due to acute poisoning from January 2009 to December 2012 were reviewed retrospectively. Results: This study included 591 acute poisoned cases presented to ED. There were 79.4% more than 12 years old and 20.6% under 12 years old. .Number of males with toxic exposure was 435 while that of females was 156. Animal envenomation contributed to most of these cases. Unfortunately, other data of these cases could not be followed as 422 cases were observed and discharged from ED. Of them 188 were observed, received no treatment and discharged from ED. The other 234 cases were treated and discharged from ED. The medical record of 169 cases who were admitted to pediatric and internal medicine department could be retrieved and studied completely. There were 5.6% infants, 74.4% between 1–6 years old, 20% between 6-12 years old, 15.2% between 12-18 years old, 83.5 between 18-60 years old and 1.3% more than 60 years old. Pharmaceutical drugs and household products were the main causes of poisoning in cases under 12 years old ( 84.4%) while, animal envenomation; mainly scorpion stings contributed to most cases over 12 years old (62%). Conclusion: Accidental poisoning is still a significant cause of morbidity. Regarding the high prevalence of pharmaceutical drug and household products poisoning in children, implementation of legislations to ban over the counter selling of medications and to sell potentially dangerous chemicals in childproof containers is recommended. Improving proper and complete medical record-keeping is also suggested for a better information access.
Abstract: Background: Acute poisoning is a common situation in emergency departments all over the world. It may cause severe complications and death. Treatment of these cases requires great medical care and significant costs. There are many differences with respect to the pattern and cause of acute poisoning between geographical regions, even within the same...
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Tacrolimus in the Management of Large Facial Patch with Recurring Reversal Reaction: Outcome of a Pilot Clinical Trial Study on 5 Patients
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2014
Pages:
86-89
Received:
28 July 2014
Accepted:
11 August 2014
Published:
20 August 2014
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajcem.20140204.16
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Abstract: Background: Inflamed large facial patch, being compromising the appearance and beauty of a patient, is a source of embarrassment and distress, and affects anti-leprosy drive adversely in many ways in the field situation. Its management with oral prednisolone alone, the mainstay of treatment for reversal reaction, proved disappointing. Objective: To see whether topical tacrolimus will be helpful in managing those patients. Methodology: We treated five adult patients with recurring reversal reaction in large facial patch with tacrolimus 0.1% ointment, twice daily and lower dose oral prednisolone for twelve months during March, 2012-February, 2013. Result: Complete remission was achieved in all cases. No side effects of whatsoever was seen in any patient. No recurrence of reaction is seen in any patient till to date. Conclusion: Tacrolimus ointment and lower dose prednisolone was found helpful in managing patients with recurring reversal reaction in large facial patch.
Abstract: Background: Inflamed large facial patch, being compromising the appearance and beauty of a patient, is a source of embarrassment and distress, and affects anti-leprosy drive adversely in many ways in the field situation. Its management with oral prednisolone alone, the mainstay of treatment for reversal reaction, proved disappointing. Objective: To...
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