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Improving Shelter Welfare with Online Training Focused on the Association of Shelter Veterinarians’ Guidelines
Jennifer Lynn Federico,
Nicolette Petervary,
Ron Banks
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2020
Pages:
1-13
Received:
23 October 2019
Accepted:
3 January 2020
Published:
31 January 2020
Abstract: Shelter care of animals and shelter medicine are both a growing field with expectations of improved welfare for shelter animals. The Association of Shelter Veterinarians (ASV) published The Guidelines for Standards of Care in Animal Shelters in 2010. The ASV Guidelines outline minimum care expectations for shelters, using a ‘must,’ ‘should,’ and ‘ideal’ ranking. Frequently shelters have limited resources, staff with a variety of training or experience, and often only consulting veterinarians – or even no veterinary coverage in certain locations. The ASV Guidelines are open access, freely available, and provide a roadmap for skills expectations. We performed comprehensive training searches to determine how available training could be crafted to meet or exceed the ASV Guidelines. The search for internet training resources was moderately successful. While useful resources were discovered, many others known to be available by the authors were not included in the search results. This article reviews our search methodology, reporting what was found and identifying certain ‘missed’ training activities. We then outline a basic online training program which could address each major topic identified in the ASV Guidelines and offer encouragement for shelter managers seeking to enhance local training experiences.
Abstract: Shelter care of animals and shelter medicine are both a growing field with expectations of improved welfare for shelter animals. The Association of Shelter Veterinarians (ASV) published The Guidelines for Standards of Care in Animal Shelters in 2010. The ASV Guidelines outline minimum care expectations for shelters, using a ‘must,’ ‘should,’ and ‘i...
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Performance and Feed Bio Economics of Growing West African Dwarf Goats Fed Diets Containing Graded Levels of Steam-Treated Cashew Nut Shell
Ocheja Josiah Omachi,
Usman Grace Ojali,
Ahmed Sule Hassanatu,
Boyi Prince Ufedojo,
Akoh Josiah Omale,
Adamu Abdulmajid Tsobaza,
Eboh Sule
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2020
Pages:
14-18
Received:
1 October 2019
Accepted:
12 November 2019
Published:
31 January 2020
Abstract: Studies on cashew (Anacardium occidentale) nut shell meal for feeding West African dwarf goats were carried out. Four diets containing 0% (control), 10%, 15% and 20% steam-treated cashew nut shell coded as T1, T2, T3, and T4, respectively, were compared. Twenty growing, West African dwarf goats were randomly assigned to four (4) treatments of five (5) goats each. The goats were fed and given water ad libitum. The effects of feeding graded levels of cashew nut shell based diets on performance and, Bio-economics were evaluated. Completely randomized design was used in the experiments. Data obtained were subjected to a one way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and means that were significantly different were separated using least significant difference (LSD) both contained in SPSS for window, version 16. Samples of the diets and bamboo leaves were analyzed using standard procedure. Final weight gain, total weight gain daily weight gain, (5.0g, T4 – 13.00g, T4gW0.75) daily supplement intake (44.65g, T4-91.54g, T1) and feed conversion ratio were significantly (P<0.05) different across the treatments. Values for initial weights and forage intake, were not significantly different (P>0.05). Cost of supplement reduced significantly (P<0.05) from T1 to T4. Cost benefit ratio ranged from 0.79 (T2-1.63 (T4) and showed significance differences. This study indicated that cashew nut shell could be fed to growing West African dwarf goats up to 10% level of inclusion without adverse effects on feed intake, growth performance, and feed conversion ratio. Diets containing graded levels of cashew nut shell could also provide a cheaper source of feed, and also help to reduce environmental pollution.
Abstract: Studies on cashew (Anacardium occidentale) nut shell meal for feeding West African dwarf goats were carried out. Four diets containing 0% (control), 10%, 15% and 20% steam-treated cashew nut shell coded as T1, T2, T3, and T4, respectively, were compared. Twenty growing, West African dwarf goats were randomly assigned to four (4) treatments of five ...
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Antimicrobial Resistance Genes of E. coli Isolated from Broiler Chickens in Upper Egypt
Hassan Ahmed Khalaf,
Badry Aml,
Abdelhafez Awd
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2020
Pages:
19-28
Received:
27 December 2019
Accepted:
17 January 2020
Published:
6 March 2020
Abstract: The background: E. coli infection is a septicemic disease with an economic importance of poultry causing multiple lesions in broiler chickens. Recent reports described increased resistance of E. coli to many antimicrobial agents. This research work aimed to detect, identify and study antimicrobial resistance genes of E. coli isolated from broiler chickens in Upper Egypt. Methods: Three-hundreds samples, including 200 liver and 100 tracheal swabs, were collected from broiler chicken flocks at different localities in Assiut and El-Minya Governorates. Samples were subjected to isolation and phenotypic identification, serological typing, detection of sensitivity and resistance to antimicrobial drugs and determination of genes responsible for resistance to antimicrobial agents. Results and conclusion: revealed that E. coli could be isolated and phenotypically identified with a percent ratio 70% (210 from 300). Twenty-six out of 30 E. coli isolates were serologically identified. Determination of antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance patterns of E. coli isolates to variable antimicrobial drugs using standard disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods was done. Detection of antimicrobial resistance genes of 12 serologically identified E. coli isolates showed that ƒloR gene (Florfenicol resistance gene) was detected in 6 isolates and strA-strB gene was detected in 5 isolates, while aadA gene was detected in all 12 isolates. Both strA-strB and aadA are streptomycin resistance genes.
Abstract: The background: E. coli infection is a septicemic disease with an economic importance of poultry causing multiple lesions in broiler chickens. Recent reports described increased resistance of E. coli to many antimicrobial agents. This research work aimed to detect, identify and study antimicrobial resistance genes of E. coli isolated from broiler c...
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Haematological Traits and Serum Biochemistry of Grasscutters Fed Elephant Grass Supplemented with Concentrate
Gboshe Peter Noah,
Ebiloma Stella Osarenakhue,
Shettima Ibrahim,
Boyi Prince Ufedojo,
Netala Jibrin
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2020
Pages:
29-35
Received:
13 November 2019
Accepted:
28 January 2020
Published:
1 April 2020
Abstract: This study was carried out to evaluate the haematological and serum biochemical indices of Grasscutters fed elephant grass supplemented with different levels of concentrate. A total of fifty grower Grasscutters were randomly assigned to 5 treatment groups of 10 Grasscutters each with 5 replicates with two animals serving as a replicate. The experimental treatments consisted of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 for 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9% respectively of concentrate feed supplements which were served at their weekly live weight. The results showed that, except the haemoglobin and blood platelets, all others blood indices measured had no significant (P>0.05) effect. However, Packed cell volume (PCV) (41.61 -41.93%), White blood cells-WBC (2.50 - 2.55 (x 103/ μl), red blood cells-RBC (4.95 - 5.35 x 106/ μl), mean corpuscular volume-MCV (89.25 - 90.80 fl), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin-MCH (25.35 - 25.90 pg) and Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration MCHC (28.10 - 29.20 g/dl) and haemoglobin-Hb (12.07 - 12.55 g/dl). The results of the serum biological indices showed that total protein was not significantly affected except its fractions. Serum glucose, cholesterol, enzymes and ions except potassium were significantly (P<0.05) affected by the test, however these values were within the normal range for grasscutters when compared to other researchers. It was therefore concluded that, basal feed of elephant grass supplemented with concentrate can be fed without any adverse effect on the blood profile of grasscutters.
Abstract: This study was carried out to evaluate the haematological and serum biochemical indices of Grasscutters fed elephant grass supplemented with different levels of concentrate. A total of fifty grower Grasscutters were randomly assigned to 5 treatment groups of 10 Grasscutters each with 5 replicates with two animals serving as a replicate. The experim...
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Performance and Carcass Characteristics of West African Dwarf Goats Fed Cassava Peel Meal Partially Replaced with Sugarcane Peel Meal
Peter Noah Gboshe,
Bassey Asuquo Ukorebi
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2020
Pages:
36-40
Received:
13 November 2019
Accepted:
28 January 2020
Published:
1 April 2020
Abstract: A 90-day feeding trial involving 20, 4-5-month old West African Dwarf bucks was carried out to evaluate the performance, carcass and its by-products characteristics expressed as percentage of their live weight in a completely randomized design. The animals were fed cassava peel meal partially replaced by sugarcane peel meal at dietary levels of 100, 75, 50, 25, 0 and 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% for T1, T2 T3 T4, respectively. The parameters measured were performance traits, carcass and by-products characteristics. From the parameters evaluated, feed intake (280.74-349.77 g/day), daily body weight gain (32.22-45.88 g/kg), total weight gain (3.17-4.13 kg), final body weight (11.38-12.33 kg), daily water intake (665.55-838.55 ml), and feed conversion ratio (7.63-8.83) were significantly affected. Carcass characteristics, loin, and back expressed as percentage live weight were significantly affected. While dressing percentage, live weight, carcass weight, rib, shoulder neck, thigh% and the by-products parameters evaluated which were also expressed as percentage live weight were not significantly affected. The non-enlargement of other visceral organs such as lungs, liver, heart, kidney, spleen, testes, full gut and empty gut in this study is an indication that, the peel meals does not have any negative effect on the development of the whole cuts. It is therefore, safe for goats’ feeding and could be incorporated as feeds ingredients in their feeding which can help, not only to reduce cost of production but also to increase meat production.
Abstract: A 90-day feeding trial involving 20, 4-5-month old West African Dwarf bucks was carried out to evaluate the performance, carcass and its by-products characteristics expressed as percentage of their live weight in a completely randomized design. The animals were fed cassava peel meal partially replaced by sugarcane peel meal at dietary levels of 100...
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