Poultry Welfare in Developed and Developing Countries
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 1, January 2014
Pages:
1-4
Received:
8 January 2014
Published:
30 January 2014
Abstract: Poultry welfare acquired a lot of attention in the last years especially in Europe. That appears in the activities of Animal Welfare organisations in addition to the governments of European Union which include researches and performing legislations and standards for keeping poultry. In addition, emerge of kind of consumers preferring organic foods, which are the products of poultry that mostly kept in free range system, encourage develop of poultry welfare concern. On the other hand, in the developing countries particularly in Africa the concern of animal welfare appeared recently as a proposal by the OIE (World Organisation for Animal Health) Sub-Regional Representation for Southern Africa after the 2nd Global Conference on Animal Welfare held in Cairo in (2008) and the Workshop for OIE National Animal Welfare Focal Points for Africa held in Addis Ababa in (2010). In Africa as many other developing countries free range keeping of local chickens is the major system of production till few years ago. Then producers went forward modern production and introduced technology into poultry farming and they became aware about poultry health and growth performance. Therefore researches are concentrating on improvement of production by manipulating problems related to import of new breeds to the tropics. Hence, to establish and progress animal welfare concern in developing countries more effort by members of this Working Group will be required.
Abstract: Poultry welfare acquired a lot of attention in the last years especially in Europe. That appears in the activities of Animal Welfare organisations in addition to the governments of European Union which include researches and performing legislations and standards for keeping poultry. In addition, emerge of kind of consumers preferring organic foods,...
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Analysis of Clinical Manifestation of Newcastle Disease in Traditional Poultry of Chad
BAN-BO Bebanto Antipas,
BIDJEH Kebkiba,
NADJILEM Digamtar,
Alhaji Mahamat Souleymane,
Andarawous Ballah Tina
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 1, January 2014
Pages:
5-9
Received:
25 December 2013
Published:
20 February 2014
Abstract: Since its discovery in 1926, the virus of Newcastle disease (NDV) has been well described by several authors. But the control of this disease remains today a topical issue. It causes economic losses in industrialized and developing countries. The clinical manifestation of NDV differs from one species to another. This article places a state of clinical manifestation of the virus of Newcastle disease in traditional avian population, raised in the same breeding conditions. That avian population has been made up of chickens, ducks, guinea fowl and pigeons. The clinical manifestation of NDV has been observed by species, age and in epidemiological units (EpUn). The choice of EpUn has been done randomly. A total of 372 EpUn with a workforce of 13608 volatile have been observed. Young people aged at least 6 months have been 51.5% , 5.6%, 0.4% and 1.3% of the total, for chickens, ducks, guinea fowl and pigeons respectively. According to this order, adults over 6 months represented 28%, 5.4%, 4.8% and 3%. The clinical manifestation of the NDV has been observed in all domestic poultry species. Mortality varied between 26 and 99% in chickens; 17 and 75% in ducks; 8 and 100% in guinea fowls, and 11 and 100% among pigeons. Young volatiles have been more sensitive to NDV than adults. Mortality varied between 33 and 99% in young chickens, 21 and 75% in young ducks; 22 and 100% in young guinea fowl; 18 and 100% among young pigeons. In adults the rate varied respectively between 26 and 78%; 17 and 47%; 8 and 26%, 11 and 73% in the same species. Among this population of young volatiles, ducklings have been less sensitive than other young. Maternal antibodies seem to persist beyond a month and a half, while the chicks aged a month could present the clinical manifestations of the disease. Animal concentration, climatic changes, socio-economic activities of man and other emergence of ND factors seem to play an important role in the clinical manifestation of NDV from traditional domestic poultry. Knowledge of the clinical manifestation of this disease among the traditional bird population is one of the essential elements of its control.
Abstract: Since its discovery in 1926, the virus of Newcastle disease (NDV) has been well described by several authors. But the control of this disease remains today a topical issue. It causes economic losses in industrialized and developing countries. The clinical manifestation of NDV differs from one species to another. This article places a state of clini...
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Social Factors and Quality Attributes Influencing Preference for Production of Local Poultry in Butaleja and Tororo, Eastern Uganda
James. Higenyi,
John. David. Kabasa,
Charles. Muyanja
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 1, January 2014
Pages:
10-17
Received:
8 February 2014
Published:
28 February 2014
Abstract: Micronutrient deficiency is prevalent among the low-income rural and peri-urban dwellers in Uganda, largely attributed to decreasingly adequate intake of food of animal origin. The aim of this study was to determine the socio-cultural factors that influence preference for production of local poultry in Butaleja and Tororo districts. A total of 193 respondents comprising poultry farmers (178) and extension workers (15) were interviewed using valid structured questionnaire. The results of survey revealed that 74.5% of respondents were male, majority of whom were above 39 years 52.2%. More significantly preference for production was influenced by economic value 78.5%. Turkey was ranked most valued source of income 82.3% while duck meat 76.7 %source of food in rural families. Disease incursions 71.4% and difficulty to manage 73.4% were significant (p<0.001) aversion factors. Further, results showed that knowledge was infrequently transferred to duck enterprise 93.3%. The most significant (p<0.001) challenge was diseases and pests at 95.5%. The logistic regression model indicated high preference for important value as source of household income, the most robust predicator of likelihood of producing local poultry. Similarly, the model demonstrated that farmers’ dislike was strongly attributed to lack of knowledge and skills and beliefs. In conclusion preference for local poultry production depends on social values as source of income. In addition duck meat is increasingly becoming a significant source of food in rural families. Therefore, we suggest further indepth studies, beliefs updating and poultry sector support.
Abstract: Micronutrient deficiency is prevalent among the low-income rural and peri-urban dwellers in Uganda, largely attributed to decreasingly adequate intake of food of animal origin. The aim of this study was to determine the socio-cultural factors that influence preference for production of local poultry in Butaleja and Tororo districts. A total of 193 ...
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