Abstract: The ways of language development in society closely related to the communicative and cultural development of society. Literary texts use language units and tools of almost all styles and are all included in the literary system. Translation as a process of rewording the speech from the source language into the translation language, without changing the content, its idea, gives us the possibility to say that all relations between lingual lexical units of two or more languages can be divided into three main types. In this case, we can speak about the similarities and non-similarities language units between two or more languages. These similarities and non-similarities of language units require from the translator the use of translation transformations. Through the method of comparing the original text with the translated text, we can discover the linguistic elements added, removed or altered in translation. The discovery of these elements during the translation indicates the way the text is handled by the translator, the way it is used to overcome the difficulties encountered and the translation method used by him. This also enables us to distinguish the relations between lingual lexical units and the way of surpassing the difficulties that occur as a consequence of their non-similarities Recognizing the variants of translation transformations and the way they are used, remain one of the key factors in the translator's success.Abstract: The ways of language development in society closely related to the communicative and cultural development of society. Literary texts use language units and tools of almost all styles and are all included in the literary system. Translation as a process of rewording the speech from the source language into the translation language, without changing ...Show More
Abstract: This study investigated the role of motivation and attitudes in improving Saudi EFL students’ speaking skill. The purpose of the study was to identify the correlation between motivation, attitudes, and the speaking ability of Saudi EFL students and to raise the learners’ awareness of the importance of these psychological factors. The study explored whether the level of motivation and favorable attitudes correlate with the speaking proficiency levels. The Attitude Motivation Test Battery (AMTB) questionnaire and structured interviews were the main instruments of the study. The sample of the study consisted of 50 randomly selected female students majoring in English at Al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU). The results showed that there was a positive significant correlation between motivation and attitudes, and the speaking proficiency of Saudi EFL students. Based on the results, the researcher presented a number of recommendations for further research.Abstract: This study investigated the role of motivation and attitudes in improving Saudi EFL students’ speaking skill. The purpose of the study was to identify the correlation between motivation, attitudes, and the speaking ability of Saudi EFL students and to raise the learners’ awareness of the importance of these psychological factors. The study explored...Show More