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Livestock Price Formation in Suri Pastoral Communities in Bench Maji Zone, Southwest Ethiopia: Hedonic Property Value Approach
Getahun Kassa,
Dessalegn Anshiso,
Tegegn Fantahun
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2017
Pages:
90-95
Received:
27 March 2017
Accepted:
10 April 2017
Published:
7 June 2017
Abstract: Livestock are non-marketed assets which are used to enhance social status in Suri pastoral communities. The lack of access to formal or informal market for livestock, livestock products and by-products in the area forced the Suris to barter livestock with other physical properties in times of family emergencies and food shortage. This study, therefore, aimed at assessing how livestock price was formed in a bartering economy in Surma pastoralist district. Primary data were collected through key informant interview and structured questionnaire. A total of 100 pastoralists were selected by using simple random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using hedonic property value (HPV) approach and multiple linear regression analysis. The result revealed that livestock rearing provide multiple benefits to Suris in terms of enhancing wealth and social status, dispute settlement, source of diet and bride payment. The absence of market place and periodic market date in the area made Suris to barter cattle forbarn of maize, Kalashnikovs, goats and gold mine. However, physical characteristics like age and body condition of ox/bull; and external factors like season and market location affected cattle price. Therefore, attention has to be given to the factors affecting cattle price to improve the benefits of the pastoralists.
Abstract: Livestock are non-marketed assets which are used to enhance social status in Suri pastoral communities. The lack of access to formal or informal market for livestock, livestock products and by-products in the area forced the Suris to barter livestock with other physical properties in times of family emergencies and food shortage. This study, theref...
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Economic Modelling and Forecasting of Sugar Production and Consumption in Egypt
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2017
Pages:
96-109
Received:
12 April 2017
Accepted:
27 April 2017
Published:
19 June 2017
Abstract: Sugar is considered one of the strategic commodities in Egypt. The domestic production of sugar is still insufficient to meet the consumption needs, which increases the food gap of sugar. This paper analyses the main features of the production and consumption of sugar in Egypt. Descriptive and quantitative analysis are used relying on data obtained from the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation for the period (2000-2015). Results indicate that the total sugar production and consumption in Egypt are increased with an annual significant growth rate of 4.08% and 3.26%, respectively. Water productivity for sugar beet is more than sugar cane, with a net return per unit of water of 684.40 and 474.19 LE/1000M3, respectively. The average monthly profitability for sugar beet is about 0.16 which is higher than sugar cane (0.11). Nerlove's model shows that producers responsive to net return in cane production, with elasticity of response about 0.02 and to prices and one year lag of area in sugar beet production, with elasticities of response about 0.57 and 0.40, respectively. The most important factors that influence the food gap of sugar are the domestic production, per capita consumption, and population. Finally, the forecast figures base on ARIMA models show that sugar production and consumption are predicted to increase over the forthcoming decades, and in spite of these, the food gap of sugar would be about 735.43 thousand tons with self-sufficiency rate of 76.26% for the year 2025. For this reason, Egypt should exert more efforts to increase sugar production by increasing beet area, raising the delivery prices, adopting high yielding varieties of sugar crops and rationalizing per capita sugar consumption to reduce the size of sugar gap.
Abstract: Sugar is considered one of the strategic commodities in Egypt. The domestic production of sugar is still insufficient to meet the consumption needs, which increases the food gap of sugar. This paper analyses the main features of the production and consumption of sugar in Egypt. Descriptive and quantitative analysis are used relying on data obtained...
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Socioeconomic and Technical Characteristics of Broiler and Laying Hens Layers in Peri-urban and Urban Areas in the City of Dschang, West Cameroon
Guillaume Hensel Fongang Fouepe,
Jean Raphaël Kana,
Geradine Marie Djiobou Kengmo,
Abdoulay Mfewou
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2017
Pages:
110-121
Received:
7 May 2017
Accepted:
18 May 2017
Published:
19 June 2017
Abstract: This study assesses the socio-economic and technical characteristics of broilers and layers rearing in the urban and peri-urban areas of Dschang (West Region, Cameroon). Using a questionnaire, information was collected in 52 and 14 broilers and layers stock farming respectively in order to identify opportunities to improve the productivity of these farms. The results show that, 57.8% of broiler breeders and 64.3% of layer breeders are men. In both cases, farmers have 7 years of professional experience on average. 82.5% of broiler breeders use their house as breeding farms. 92.9% of layer breeders are owners of the farm. The herd size varied from 4000 to 10000 broilers and 2000 to 5000 layers per breeder. Broilers are sold at maturity after 45 days and layers are reformed beyond 80 weeks of age. The major constraints to the development of this sector include avian diseases, high input costs, non-respect of breeding house norms and lack of funding. In conclusion, this study recommends the establishment of appropriate funding mechanisms.
Abstract: This study assesses the socio-economic and technical characteristics of broilers and layers rearing in the urban and peri-urban areas of Dschang (West Region, Cameroon). Using a questionnaire, information was collected in 52 and 14 broilers and layers stock farming respectively in order to identify opportunities to improve the productivity of these...
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Potentials for Cassava Processing in the Littoral Region of Cameroon
Fon Dorothy Engwali,
Djoudji Serge Temkeng
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2017
Pages:
122-128
Received:
12 May 2017
Accepted:
19 May 2017
Published:
10 July 2017
Abstract: Smallholder agriculture is characterized by underemployment during off seasons, low-income earnings and severe post-harvest losses. This study aimed at examining the effects of cassava processing on rural households in the Littoral region of Cameroon; identifying the different processing techniques, the different products derived from transformation, analysing the profitability of the products derived identifying key factors that hinder the downstream development of the cassava sector; and. Data were collected using questionnaires administered to a sample of 140 respondents who were selected through the multistage random sampling technique. Descriptive statistics and budgetary analyses were used to analyse the data. The results from the analysis revealed that, women represent 82.86% of the number of processors and their average age is 44 years. The average household size is 7, while the education level is low; 48.57% had received only primary education and 38.57% were secondary school dropout. Their initial capital came from their personal savings. The following methods of cassava processing amongst others were found in the study area: grating, drying, draining, fermentation, grilling, sieving, extraction, and soaking. Results from the budgetary analysis revealed that, each of the different by- products ′waterfufu′, ′starch′, ′miondo′, ′bobolo′, ′fufu dry′ and ′garri′ generate profit. For ′Bobolo′ the value added is 98 FCFA, ′Miondo′ 95FCFA, starch 90Fcfa, ′waterfufu′ 70Fcfa, ′garri′ 65FCFA and 60 CFA francs for dry ′fufu′. The most profitable product was found to be ′bobolo′, followed by ′miondo′. Based on the various cost/benefit ratios, it is evident that all these products are profitable because the ratios are greater than unity. It was revealed that the cassava sector does not go without difficulties; inadequate equipment, and inadequate training of processors were the main difficulties encountered. The cassava should be industrialized by installing many machines in rural areas and to invest more in training the processors.
Abstract: Smallholder agriculture is characterized by underemployment during off seasons, low-income earnings and severe post-harvest losses. This study aimed at examining the effects of cassava processing on rural households in the Littoral region of Cameroon; identifying the different processing techniques, the different products derived from transformatio...
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Determinants of Potato Marketed Surplus Among Smallholder Farmers in Banja District, Awi Zone of Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Melkamu Bazie Fentie,
Degye Goshu,
Bosena Tegegne
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2017
Pages:
129-134
Received:
30 March 2017
Accepted:
4 May 2017
Published:
12 July 2017
Abstract: Potato is important for its contribution to food security and as source of cash income for a large proportion of the rural households. However, enhancing potato farmers to reach markets is a key issue needed in the study area. This paper was aimed to identify factors affecting marketed surplus potato farmers using survey data collected from randomly selected 120 farmers. Descriptive statistics was used for characterizing farmers and econometrics analysis was used for identifying determinants of marketed surplus. The distributional graph of household’s log-marketed surplus data seem to be reasonably symmetric, though possibly left skewed. The multiple linear regression estimation result indicated that total livestock unit (number of livestocks owned), land size allocated for potato production, distance to all-weather road, irrigation access, other farm income and lagged price as significant predictors of potato marketed surplus. The study recommended expansion of irrigation access and further infrastructural development for policy implications.
Abstract: Potato is important for its contribution to food security and as source of cash income for a large proportion of the rural households. However, enhancing potato farmers to reach markets is a key issue needed in the study area. This paper was aimed to identify factors affecting marketed surplus potato farmers using survey data collected from randoml...
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The Drivers of China’s Agricultural Production Efficiency over 40 Years
Haimanot B. Atinkut,
Yan Tingwu,
Bekele E. Gebisa,
Shang Yan,
Kibrom Adino,
Genanew Agitew,
Beyene Derso,
Abebe Dagnew,
Assefa Tilahun
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2017
Pages:
135-141
Received:
9 March 2017
Accepted:
20 June 2017
Published:
13 July 2017
Abstract: This paper systematically examines the main drivers’ of agricultural production later fuelled China’s economy over 40 years back since the period of the reform year 1978. China’s current boom development founded from radical structural economic reform of the country from 1978 to 1991. Though there was a less inflated deviation in production during the period from 1978 to 2017, yet for the sake of evaluation we preferred to focus on the available literature. Empirical evidence undoubtedly concurred that structural reform had a great impact on overall the country’s economy; especially agricultural sector later served as a bridge for the industrial developmental transition. Agriculture had registered less production inefficiency at the time of reform; this is because of the presence of rural land reform, price adjustment, market-oriented production, and perfectly functioning of institutions. The dozens of papers indulged that the contemporary great China shaped through the mercy of reform cumulative effects, particularly in agriculture, which took an elephant-share for current holistic development. To keep sustaining this sector production efficiency, the Chinese government should pay more attention on the a good stories of biotechnology and genetically modified organism (GMO).
Abstract: This paper systematically examines the main drivers’ of agricultural production later fuelled China’s economy over 40 years back since the period of the reform year 1978. China’s current boom development founded from radical structural economic reform of the country from 1978 to 1991. Though there was a less inflated deviation in production during ...
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