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Research Article
An Assessment of the Factors Influencing Farmers’ Access to Fertilizer Markets in Some Selected Local Government Areas in Kaduna State, Nigeria
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, April 2024
Pages:
41-45
Received:
18 January 2024
Accepted:
14 February 2024
Published:
7 March 2024
Abstract: The study assessed the factors influencing farmers access to fertilizer markets in selected local government areas in Kaduna State. A multinomial regression analysis was used to assess whether the factors have significant effect on the odds of observing certain market categories. The model was assessed based on an alpha value of 0.05 and the result of the multinomial regression model were significant, χ2 (20) = 278.21, p < .001 suggesting that education, cooperative association, credit, distance, ease of use, availability, comparative cost, accessibility, affordability and quality had a significant effect on the odds of observing at least one of the response categories of the market relative the retailer outlet. The significant variables' influence on the odds of choosing specific market outlets is indicative of the multifaceted nature of farmers' decision-making processes. Education, cooperative membership, distance, and product availability emerged as key determinants of selecting retailers. Meanwhile, credit, quality, and availability of the product were found to influence the choice of wholesaler outlets. Understanding the interplay of these factors can guide policymakers, extension services, and market stakeholders in designing targeted interventions. Enhancing access to credit, improving product quality, and addressing distance-related challenges can facilitate better market access, promote value chain efficiency, and potentially lead to increased market participation and improved livelihoods for farmers
Abstract: The study assessed the factors influencing farmers access to fertilizer markets in selected local government areas in Kaduna State. A multinomial regression analysis was used to assess whether the factors have significant effect on the odds of observing certain market categories. The model was assessed based on an alpha value of 0.05 and the result...
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Research Article
Agriculture and Climate Change: A Socio-Economic Dynamics of Climate-Smart Practices in Oubritenga Province, Burkina Faso
Constantin Gueswindé Compaoré*,
Evéline Marie Fulbert Windinmi Compaoré,
Mathieu Ouédraogo,
Boundia Alexandre Thiombiano,
Patrice Toé
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, April 2024
Pages:
46-58
Received:
29 January 2024
Accepted:
23 February 2024
Published:
7 March 2024
Abstract: The issue of farmers' resilience to climate and natural resource degradation remains a major concern in Sahelian countries, including Burkina Faso. The aim of this study is to analyze the dynamics of farming practices in the province of Oubritenga in Burkina Faso, highlighting similarities and differences in climate-smart practices. To do this, a mixed method (qualitative and quantitative) was used, combining surveys, individual interviews and focus groups. The results indicate that these practices were disseminated and adopted in Oubritenga province well before the 1980s, and that they have evolved in terms of adoption rates and improvements in recent years through research. The practices mentioned include sustainable land management (SLM), water and soil conservation practices/soil defense and restoration (WSC/SDR). Rural households are responding by adopting and reinforcing climate-smart farming practices that are considered more sustainable in the face of climate shock, soil degradation and greenhouse gas mitigation. It should be noted that other agricultural practices and techniques have been disseminated and adopted over time, in connection with mechanization and the promotion of technical production itineraries. This is a body of endogenous knowledge that coexists with technical production itineraries aimed at respecting the balance between nature and the well-being of living beings by integrating a sustainable land and environmental management system.
Abstract: The issue of farmers' resilience to climate and natural resource degradation remains a major concern in Sahelian countries, including Burkina Faso. The aim of this study is to analyze the dynamics of farming practices in the province of Oubritenga in Burkina Faso, highlighting similarities and differences in climate-smart practices. To do this, a m...
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Research Article
The Socio-Economic Impact of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) on Livestock Farming in Sierra Leone, an Empirical Evidence from Six (6) Districts
Maurice Baimba Kargbo*,
Sheka Ramadan Bangura
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, April 2024
Pages:
59-75
Received:
11 January 2024
Accepted:
26 January 2024
Published:
13 March 2024
Abstract: As a highly infectious disease, Foot and Mouth disease (FMD) has been eradicated by many wealthy nations but remains endemic in most of the world especially countries in Sub-Saharan Africa1. When FMD outbreaks occur in disease free countries and zones that produce livestock for export, the economic impact is clear to see; however, the impact of the disease in endemic countries is more controversial, particularly when compared to diseases that cause greater mortality. Taking into account the limited resources of veterinary services for the implementation of animal disease surveillance anywhere and anytime in Sierra Leone, a socio-economic impact assessment study was conducted to quantify the impacts, spread and occurrence of the disease, in order to target and put in place precautionary control measures including targeted surveillance. The main socio-economic impact question of the study was “What is the social and economic impact of FMD in the districts under review. The study was conducted in 6 districts in the North and East of Sierra Leone. A total of 240 respondents using purposive sampling were interviewed to elicit information on the main socio-economic variables that informed the study. The study established (80%) of the sampled farmers are livestock farmers, while 32 people (13.3%) are crop farmers who mainly practice subsistence farming. The study proved that the yearly income from the sales of livestock both especially large ruminants increase to 154 (64.2%). This percentage plummeted when FMD struck in 2018-2019. The study showed that (55.8% of the household indicated that their cattle suffered from Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) during the outbreak of July-August 2018-2019, while goats and sheep suffered Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) with households reporting (70.8%) and 162 (68%) of Infection rates before the commencement of this study. The study recommended that the veterinary division of maintain and improve on active surveillance of FMD, update surveillance plan targeting priority districts and hotspots of FMD outbreak such as livestock markets to maintain the current status of Low risk to prevent social and economic impacts’
Abstract: As a highly infectious disease, Foot and Mouth disease (FMD) has been eradicated by many wealthy nations but remains endemic in most of the world especially countries in Sub-Saharan Africa1. When FMD outbreaks occur in disease free countries and zones that produce livestock for export, the economic impact is clear to see; however, the impact of the...
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Research Article
Adoption Analysis of BADC Produced Boro Rice Seed and Its Impact on Farm Household Food Security in Bangladesh
Md. Shahin Mia*,
Md. Taj Uddin,
Humayun Kabir,
Md. Abdul Monayem Miah,
Md. Abdus Salam
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, April 2024
Pages:
76-88
Received:
12 February 2024
Accepted:
6 March 2024
Published:
20 March 2024
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijae.20240902.14
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to look into the factors that influence adoption of BADC produce Boro rice seed and its impact on farm household food security in Bangladesh. The endogenous switching regression model (ESRM) and the propensity score matching (PSM) method were employed to identify the factors that influence adoption of BADC Boro rice seed and assessed its adoption impact on farm household food security. The analysis revealed that age, farm size, rice area, farm income, extension service, livestock ownership and government assistance had significant influence on adoption of BADC Boro rice seed. The estimated results show that education, farm size, earning members, farm income had positive and significant influence in attaining food security status of both adopters and non-adopters farm household. The estimated coefficient of correlation between the adoption equation and the food security equation of adopters was positive and significant. The study confirms that BADC produce Boro rice seed adoption had positive and significant impact on farm household food security of Bangladesh. The study recommended that BADC should implement appropriate policies to increase Boro rice seed production and enhance its adoption level through extension service so that food security situation improve in Bangladesh.
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to look into the factors that influence adoption of BADC produce Boro rice seed and its impact on farm household food security in Bangladesh. The endogenous switching regression model (ESRM) and the propensity score matching (PSM) method were employed to identify the factors that influence adoption of BADC Boro rice see...
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Research Article
Determinants of Khat Farmers' Willingness to Pay for Agricultural Insurance
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, April 2024
Pages:
89-96
Received:
16 February 2024
Accepted:
22 March 2024
Published:
2 April 2024
Abstract: Khat farming is an important source of revenue and a possible source of potential investment in Kenya. Despite the benefits, various production and marketing risks, which negatively influence productivity, profitability, economic growth and farmers' livelihood, remains a challenge. Insurance for agricultural enterprises has the ability to open up access to essential services that boost productivity and marketing. This study aimed at determining the effect of socio-economic and institutional factors on khat farmers' willingness to pay for agricultural insurance. The data used in this study was obtained from khat farmers in Meru County, Kenya, from a sample of 323 farmers. The study employed the utility maximization theory and the double-bounded dichotomous choice model. Empirical results propose that the household size, size of land owned, awareness of agricultural insurance, credit access and the amount of khat bushes possessed by the family positively and significantly affected willingness to pay. The farmer's age and income earned from khat production negatively and significantly influenced willingness to pay. This study concluded that awareness of agricultural insurance and credit access greatly influence khat farmers' willingness to pay. The study recommends improving farmers' credit facilities to allow them access more financial capability since the study showed that the willingness to pay for insurance was proportional to credit access. The study further recommends strengthening on awareness on the importance of agricultural insurance to enhance khat farmers' involvement in agricultural insurance scheme. The results of this study will equip decision-makers with evidence-based tools to excellently market and establish demand-driven insurance products to meet the demands of khat farmers.
Abstract: Khat farming is an important source of revenue and a possible source of potential investment in Kenya. Despite the benefits, various production and marketing risks, which negatively influence productivity, profitability, economic growth and farmers' livelihood, remains a challenge. Insurance for agricultural enterprises has the ability to open up a...
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Research Article
In-Depth Assessment of Key Factors Affecting Coffee Production in Tanzania
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, April 2024
Pages:
97-109
Received:
28 February 2024
Accepted:
18 March 2024
Published:
2 April 2024
Abstract: Coffee has been among the traditional cash crops and one of the main contributors to foreign earnings in Tanzania. Consequently, earnings from its exports have remained low due to various production challenges which in turn affects export growth. These challenges have never been properly and intensively recognized for better decision-making. Therefore, this study was set to provide an in-depth assessment and understanding of key factors affecting coffee production in Tanzania.The study used simple random sampling to collect information from 364 respondents in four highly coffee-growing districts in Ruvuma, Mbeya, and Songwe regions. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected through structured questionnaires from small-scale farmers. Data were then analyzed by using a statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Excel. From the findings, poor agronomic practices such as inadequate application of fertilizer, poor pesticides and disease control, and aged low-yield coffee trees were found to be the main factors that strongly explain the relationship with low coffee production output due to their significant results. Furthermore, using regression the other variables found to significantly affect coffee production output level were limited access to finance and inadequate extension services. Based on the findings, sustainability of the coffee sector development, intensive government intervention is needed by putting more priority on training farmers best agronomic practices in the right way. This way, small farmers can be aware of the importance of the application of required agronomic practices as a key factor in the scale-up of productivity and production output. The Bank of Tanzania can also efficiently address the challenge of small-scale farmers in obtaining soft loans at a reasonable cost from financial institutions by creating an enabling environment. This should include the provision of a special loan facility to commercial banks connected with conditions to beneficial banks to lend to farmers at an indicative rate that can be affordable to small-scale coffee growers. These findings will inform policymakers and coffee stakeholders in the coffee value chain on the best actions and decision-making to enhance the sector's performance.
Abstract: Coffee has been among the traditional cash crops and one of the main contributors to foreign earnings in Tanzania. Consequently, earnings from its exports have remained low due to various production challenges which in turn affects export growth. These challenges have never been properly and intensively recognized for better decision-making. Theref...
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Research Article
Impact of Improved Rice Variety Adoption on Smallholder Farmers Rice Productivity and Gross Farm Income Enhancement in North Western Ethiopia
Welay Tesfay*,
Belete Woundiferaw
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, April 2024
Pages:
110-119
Received:
10 February 2024
Accepted:
12 March 2024
Published:
17 April 2024
Abstract: The research was assessed status of adopting improved rice technology as well as evaluate its impact on rice productivity and gross farm income in Ethiopia. The research showed the importance of adopting improved rice technologies using impact evaluating techniques such as propensity scoring matching (PSM). The research was used descriptive and econometric methods of data analysis to elaborate the respondents’ characteristics, farming practices, adoption status and to estimate its impact. The research used multistage sampling methods to select 180 smallholder rice producers. Amhara and Benshangul Gumuz region are the potential rice producers which targeted for this study. Zones, districts and kebles of these regions were selected random that can be represent the region as well as the rice producers in Ethiopia. The research revealed that 44.44% of the respondents were adopted improved rice technology and pawe_1 is the most frequently used by respondents. The econometric result revealed that treated groups were gained high rice output 3,019.70 quintal per hectare over the controlled groups 1,971.40 quintal per hectare as well as in terms of gross income treated groups were earned higher income which is 46,159.78 ETHB than the controlled groups which were earned 29,797.14 ETHB on average. This indicated that adopting improved rice technology was brought 34.72% and 35.45% of increment in rice productivity and gross income on smallholders’ rice producers respectively. Adopting of agricultural technologies are a means of improving the smallholder farmers crop production, productivities and income generated from that farm activities. Therefore, any governmental and non-governmental institution should be focused on the outreach of these agricultural technologies to end user over all part of the country.
Abstract: The research was assessed status of adopting improved rice technology as well as evaluate its impact on rice productivity and gross farm income in Ethiopia. The research showed the importance of adopting improved rice technologies using impact evaluating techniques such as propensity scoring matching (PSM). The research was used descriptive and eco...
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Research Article
Effects of Exchange Rate Variability on Coffee Export Growth in Tanzania
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, April 2024
Pages:
120-133
Received:
19 March 2024
Accepted:
3 April 2024
Published:
29 April 2024
Abstract: Exchange rate movement is perceived as a very important factor in influencing the performance of the agriculture sector. When the currency of the exporting country depreciates against the trading partners’ currencies tends to stimulate demand and improve export earnings. An increase in value of the currency against the other trading partners’ currencies (e.g. USD) tend to affect the costs of production that may affect aggregate agricultural supply. However, the linkage of the exchange rate and agricultural export growth in particular traditional exports such as coffee has never been properly and intensively documented for appropriate decision-making in Tanzania. Therefore, this study was set to assess how exchange rate variability has affected coffee export growth in Tanzania. The study made use of time series data from 1991 to 2022 using the vector error collection model (VECM). Given the influences other than the real effective exchange rate on the export of coffee growth, we discriminately incorporated inflation rate, discount rate, and money supply, as the independent variables. Yearly data (1991-2022) obtained from the Bank of Tanzania and the International Coffee Organization were used for the analysis. The results from this study reveal that the real effective exchange rate has an enormous positive impact on coffee export growth in the long run. This implies that, the depreciation of the domestic currency against USD has advantage on coffee export growth when considering the demand side as it tends to stimulate coffee demand in the rest of the world, thus leading to an increase in export volume and revenue which helps to foster coffee export growth. However, in the supply side, this depreciation should be carefully monitored as excess depreciation may end up by rising inputs prices especially those inputs imported such as fertilizers, agrochemical, aggrotech and agro machineries that may intern affect the production level. The study ends by concluding, that it is imperative for the Central Bank to carefully observer exchange rate fluctuations and implement appropriate monetary policy strategies in favour of the agriculture sector in particular exportable crops such as coffee. This will help to manage the risks and opportunities that may arise in coffee export growth associated with currency movement.
Abstract: Exchange rate movement is perceived as a very important factor in influencing the performance of the agriculture sector. When the currency of the exporting country depreciates against the trading partners’ currencies tends to stimulate demand and improve export earnings. An increase in value of the currency against the other trading partners’ curre...
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,
Samwel Chege*
