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Impacts on Profitability for the Mexican Strawberry Producers Due to an Increase in Exports to USA
Daniel Hernandez Soto,
Alicia Alma Alejos Gallardo,
Alicia Casique Guerrero
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, January 2021
Pages:
1-11
Received:
7 December 2020
Accepted:
15 December 2020
Published:
4 January 2021
Abstract: USA is the main strawberry importer in the world, so in order to supply the demand in 2018 imported 161,889 t; of which 99.07% were originally from Mexico. This paper is intended to determine the economic viability of increase the exported quantity of Mexican strawberry to USA by representing the international strawberry market in a partial equilibrium model. According with the calculated price flexibility in 2018, an increase of 18% in the strawberry exported quantity to US market causes a decrease in the strawberry international price in 6.6%. With this calculated effects, in a simulated scenario it is estimated that the value of the increase in income due to increase in quantity is USD 98,334,125.89, while the value of the decrease in income due to decrease in price is USD 38,631,068.63. The difference between the two values is an increase of USD 59,703,057.26. With these estimations, it can be claimed that an 18% annual increase in the Mexican strawberry exports to USA is viable from an economic perspective. With this scenario, the Benefit-Cost Ratios (B/C R) for the producers of Baja California, Michoacan and Guanajuato are 1.98, 1.90 and 0.92 respectively. That is to say, with an annual increase of 18% in the exported quantity, to produce strawberry for export to USA in Baja California and Michoacan is profitable, while to produce strawberry for export to US market in Guanajuato is not profitable.
Abstract: USA is the main strawberry importer in the world, so in order to supply the demand in 2018 imported 161,889 t; of which 99.07% were originally from Mexico. This paper is intended to determine the economic viability of increase the exported quantity of Mexican strawberry to USA by representing the international strawberry market in a partial equilib...
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Market Participation of Smallholder Farmers and Food Crop Productivity: Evidence from Burkina Faso
Sugrinoma Aristide Ouedraogo,
Pam Zahonogo,
Ramatu Mahama Al-Hassan
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, January 2021
Pages:
12-20
Received:
15 December 2020
Accepted:
29 December 2020
Published:
15 January 2021
Abstract: Subsistence farming is frequently viewed as a low yielding and inefficient to ensure sustainable food security in sub-Sahara Africa. Commercial agriculture induces profit maximization and promotes on-farm investment. However, for most farmers in Burkina Faso, home consumption is the main objective of the agricultural production activities. Using survey data collected over 1178 farm households, this paper analyses the effects of participation of smallholder farmers in the output market on input use and food crop productivity in Burkina Faso. We estimate a Tobit model of the relationship between market participation (measured by the proportion of crop sold) and fertilizer use. The results show that an increase in level of sale leads to an increase in the level of fertilizer adoption. We also estimate a model of production using the instrumental variable regression approach to correct for the endogeneity of the crop commercialization index. The findings indicate that agricultural commercialization has a positive and significant effect on food crop productivity. This means that higher integration of farmers to markets increases their incentives to adopt new technologies which results in yield growth. Therefore, the findings confirm the need for promoting market participation of smallholders to induce technological change and productivity growth of agriculture in Africa.
Abstract: Subsistence farming is frequently viewed as a low yielding and inefficient to ensure sustainable food security in sub-Sahara Africa. Commercial agriculture induces profit maximization and promotes on-farm investment. However, for most farmers in Burkina Faso, home consumption is the main objective of the agricultural production activities. Using su...
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Factors Influencing Adoption of Improved Coffee Varieties Among Smallholder Farmers in Mbinga and Mbozi Districts
Leonard Kiwelu,
Philip Damas,
Zena Mpenda
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, January 2021
Pages:
21-32
Received:
27 November 2020
Accepted:
5 January 2021
Published:
2 February 2021
Abstract: Tanzania Coffee Research Institute (TaCRI) has released 19 Arabica coffee hybrid varieties that combine high yields with resistance to Coffee Leaf Rust (CLR) and Coffee Berry Disease (CBD). The high yield attribute of these improved varieties and reduced fungicide costs would normally motivate smallholder farmers to adopt them. However, their level of adoption by smallholders and factors influencing it have not been studied in detail. This study aimed at assessing smallholder farmers’ perception of the varieties and determine factors influencing their adoption in Mbinga and Mbozi districts. Data were collected from a sample of 218 adopters and 102 non-adopters making a total of 320 farmers using household survey questionnaire. The perception of smallholder farmers on attributes of those coffee varieties was gauged using five-point Likert scale. A logistic regression model was employed to determine factors influencing their adoption. Findings from the study revealed that the improved coffee varieties are positively perceived by many smallholder coffee farmers for their high yields, good beverage quality and disease resistance. Coefficient of socio-economic characteristics, attributes of improved coffee varieties and institutional factors were found to be significant (P≤0.01) and positively related to likelihood of adoption of improved coffee varieties. Among the major adoption impediments identified, low access to improved seedlings topped the list. Coffee farmers should be encouraged to adopt the improved coffee varieties and undertake gradual rehabilitation of their old coffee trees either by total replacement of the traditional coffee varieties or by grafting improved scions onto the old healthy rootstocks. The coffee industry should strengthen extension services so as to speed up dissemination of research technologies, including the seedlings of improved varieties to farmers and training them on good agricultural practices; while the government should invest more resources to assist the coffee industry stakeholders in that direction.
Abstract: Tanzania Coffee Research Institute (TaCRI) has released 19 Arabica coffee hybrid varieties that combine high yields with resistance to Coffee Leaf Rust (CLR) and Coffee Berry Disease (CBD). The high yield attribute of these improved varieties and reduced fungicide costs would normally motivate smallholder farmers to adopt them. However, their level...
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Effect of Cost Management on Financial Performance of Agribusiness Enterprises in Kenya
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, January 2021
Pages:
33-38
Received:
13 June 2019
Accepted:
8 July 2019
Published:
23 February 2021
Abstract: Agribusiness enterprises in Kenya, are a major economic activity that should be creating employment thus increasing GDP. In the recent past, there have been renewed efforts by the government and other players to promote Agribusiness enterprises. Thus this study sought to determine the influence of cost management on performance of Agribusiness enterprises in Kenya. The study design is descriptive panel research design. Secondary data was used for analysis. The target population was four Agribusiness enterprises with a total population of one thousand two hundred and forty five (1,245) farmers registered as at December, 2018 by the Commissioner of cooperatives in Kenya comprising of Homabay, Bungoma, Busia and Siaya counties which also formed the study target units. Census sampling was used to select sample of the population. Secondary data over the ten year-period covering 2009-2018 was obtained. Data was collected using secondary data collection sheet and analyzed using multiple panel regression models. Limitations faced during data collection included high illiteracy levels amongst members. This was controlled by taking the officials through the areas of cost management to have them understand the concepts under enquiry. The study findings showed that cost management had significant influence on return on investment, a measure of financial performance of Agribusiness enterprises in Kenya and tests for significance also showed that the influence was statistically significant. The study therefore recommends that all Agribusiness enterprises farmers be trained on cost management aspects.
Abstract: Agribusiness enterprises in Kenya, are a major economic activity that should be creating employment thus increasing GDP. In the recent past, there have been renewed efforts by the government and other players to promote Agribusiness enterprises. Thus this study sought to determine the influence of cost management on performance of Agribusiness ente...
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Choice of Adaptation Strategies for Climate Change: The Case of Oil Palm Farmers in Southern Nigeria
Ojemade Anthony Chukwuma,
Osuafor Ogonna Olive,
Ahaneku Chinwendu Evangel
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, January 2021
Pages:
39-46
Received:
19 September 2020
Accepted:
5 October 2020
Published:
23 February 2021
Abstract: There is an increasing concern that the performance of oil Palm production is currently, greatly threatened by climate change. Oil Palm is particularly sensitive to climate change because yields depend largely on prevailing climate conditions especially in Nigeria where traditional and rain-fed agriculture predominate. However, the extent to which these impacts are felt depends principally on the choice of adaptation measures used by farmers to cushion the effects of climate change. In the oil palm industry in Nigeria, little empirical evidence exists to substantiate the context that guides the farmer’s choices of one strategy or package of strategies to employ in their effort to reduce climate change related challenges. This study adopted the multinomial logit model to analyze factors affecting the choice of adaptation strategies in response to climate extreme events. The Multinomial logit regression model was used to capture choice probabilities across the various options of climate change adaptation strategies. Results from the multinomial logit model showed that different socioeconomic factors affect adaptation to climate extreme events. Also, farm size, household size and income influenced adaptation positively while frequency of extension contact influenced adaptation negatively. The findings underscore the need for farmers' education, poverty alleviation and increased access to technologies and more efficient inputs as potent tools for climate change adaptation in the area.
Abstract: There is an increasing concern that the performance of oil Palm production is currently, greatly threatened by climate change. Oil Palm is particularly sensitive to climate change because yields depend largely on prevailing climate conditions especially in Nigeria where traditional and rain-fed agriculture predominate. However, the extent to which ...
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COVID-19, Food Security, Food Prices and Urban-rural Interrelationship for Sustainable Food and Nutritional Security: A Study on Dhaka City
Md. Mizanur Rahman Sarker,
Anika Nawar Fagun
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 1, January 2021
Pages:
47-58
Received:
29 January 2021
Accepted:
10 February 2021
Published:
23 February 2021
Abstract: Currently the world is facing a phenomenon, a fast-spreading disease named ‘2019 Novel Coronavirus’(COVID-19). It has spread approximately 215 countries around the world and is affecting the health and economic condition widely. To effectively control the situation nationwide lockdown was implemented in Bangladesh following WHO’s instructions. That lead to nationwide panic buying, stockpiling, circulation of misinformation and a sense of food insecurity at local level. Most of the people of Bangladesh depends on agricultural sector and this pandemic created severe crisis for this sector. The magnitude of the crisis fluctuates from place to place in Bangladesh. This study focuses on the specific case of capital city Dhaka which is the most affected area and where the farmer consumer alliance was reportedly disrupted and panic stockpiling was highest. Based on formal interviews with local government officials, the situation of urban-rural food transfer and the consequent government initiatives for maintaining food supply and public health was studied. Then this paper assessed the perceived food security of participants, price at local market level along with online surveys while the city residents were under partial lockdown during pandemic. The study founded that the food insecurity was increased and respondent reported some basic foods prices were higher than usual. Also, the farmer consumer alliance was greatly hampered because of economic shutdown with the restriction of travel which has created an imbalance between demand and supply of food. It also detected that day laborer, marginal and poor people, vulnerable women and children are mostly affected. These findings have policy implication both at farmer and ultimate consumer level addressing the short term and long-term factors, related to food security, price and farmer consumer alliance in Bangladesh.
Abstract: Currently the world is facing a phenomenon, a fast-spreading disease named ‘2019 Novel Coronavirus’(COVID-19). It has spread approximately 215 countries around the world and is affecting the health and economic condition widely. To effectively control the situation nationwide lockdown was implemented in Bangladesh following WHO’s instructions. That...
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