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Dental Nurse: Restoration Treatment for Caries in Students of M, Ts. Alhidayah Tamalate Sub District of Makassar Indonesia 2016
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, August 2017
Pages:
280-284
Received:
15 April 2017
Accepted:
15 May 2017
Published:
21 June 2017
Abstract: Dental caries is a dental and oral problem often complained by students and should receive serious attention due to its increasing prevalence. One of the possible treatments for caries is restoration treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine description of caries and requirement for restoration treatment. This study was a descriptive study with Study Cross Sectional approach. The study was performed on students of M.TS Alhidayah Hartaco Indah in Balang Baru Urban Village, Tamalate Sub-District, Makassar. There were 60 samples of students aged 11, 12, 13 and older. Examination of status of requirement for restoration treatment was performed by referring to Treatment Need Index (TNI). The research result showedneeds restoration of the surface that is (42.8%), restoration of the two surfaces (32.57%), three or more surface restoration 24.57% that the highest required treatment was restoration of one surface (60.96%), followed by restoration of two surfaces (23.91%) and then restoration of three surfaces or more (15.13%).
Abstract: Dental caries is a dental and oral problem often complained by students and should receive serious attention due to its increasing prevalence. One of the possible treatments for caries is restoration treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine description of caries and requirement for restoration treatment. This study was a descriptive st...
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Cold Application and Breathing Exercises to Reduce Pain and Anxiety During Chest Tube Removal
Naglaa Mohamed EL Mokadem,
Shimaa EL-Sayed Ibraheem
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, August 2017
Pages:
285-292
Received:
4 May 2017
Accepted:
18 May 2017
Published:
4 July 2017
Abstract: Chest tube insertion following chest trauma or Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) surgery is a frequent practice. Patients who undergo chest tube removal experience moderate to severe pain. Patients always described chest tube removal as a painful and frightening experience. Cold application and deep breathing exercise are effective non-pharmacological techniques to reduce pain and anxiety during chest tube removal. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of cold application and breathing exercises technique on pain and anxiety level during chest tube removal. A convenient sample of 120 patients. A quasi experimental design was used (study/control). Surgical intensive care unites at Menoufia University Hospital, Shebin EL-Kome. Visual Analog Scale for Pain (VAS) used to measure pain intensity during chest tube removal. Hamilton Anxiety Scale used to measure the anxiety level during chest tube removal. There was a statistically significant difference between study and control group regarding pain intensity post intervention. There was a statistically significant difference between study and control group regarding anxiety level post intervention. Using cold application and breathing exercise during chest tube removal is an effective practice to reduce pain intensity and anxiety level during chest tube removal. Encourage critical care nurses to develop practice guidelines for pain management during chest tube removal including application of cold and deep breathing exercise as a non pharmacological measure during chest tube removal.
Abstract: Chest tube insertion following chest trauma or Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) surgery is a frequent practice. Patients who undergo chest tube removal experience moderate to severe pain. Patients always described chest tube removal as a painful and frightening experience. Cold application and deep breathing exercise are effective non-pharmac...
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Critical Care Nurses' Knowledge, Practice, Obstacles and Helpful Measures Towards Palliative Care for Critically Ill Patients
Afaf Abd El-Aziz Basal,
Gehan Abd El-Hakim Younis
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, August 2017
Pages:
293-303
Received:
8 April 2017
Accepted:
27 April 2017
Published:
5 July 2017
Abstract: Palliative care (PC) is a specialized medical care for people with serious illnesses. It focuses on providing patients with relief from the symptoms, pain and stress of serious illness. The aim of the study is to assess critical care nurses’ knowledge, practice, Obstacles and helpful measures toward palliative care for critically ill patients. The research design of this study was a descriptive design. It was conducted at Medical Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at Tanta University Hospital and oncology ICU at oncology institute, Tanta, Egypt. Three tools were used for collecting data. Tool I is a structured interview questionnaire sheet to collect data about nurses' sociodemographic data and knowledge. Tool II is an observational checklist for nurses’ practice regarding palliative care and tool III is nurses' perception of obstacles and helpful measures towards palliative care for critically ill patients. The results of the study reported that more than three quarter (77.1%) and (48.6%) of critical care nurses in medical and oncology ICUs, respectively, had unsatisfactory score of knowledge. More than half (51.4%) and 25.7% of nurses in Medical and Oncology ICUs respectively had poor practice while more than one third (34.3%) and 40% of nurses in medical and oncology department respectively had good practice score. From this paper, it was concluded that nurses in intensive care units at the Tanta University Hospital had unsatisfactory knowledge and practice regarding palliative care which is considered as an important aspect of improving quality of care. The most obstacles for providing palliative care are “not enough time to provide quality end of life. It was recommended that educational and in-service training programs should be conducted by the nursing personal in both hospital and intensive care settings about palliative care.
Abstract: Palliative care (PC) is a specialized medical care for people with serious illnesses. It focuses on providing patients with relief from the symptoms, pain and stress of serious illness. The aim of the study is to assess critical care nurses’ knowledge, practice, Obstacles and helpful measures toward palliative care for critically ill patients. The ...
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Challenges Facing Nurses While Participating in Continuing Professional Development: A Case of Western Kenya
Mosol Priscah,
Kei Robert,
Obwoge Ronald Omenge,
Ng’eno Anne
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, August 2017
Pages:
304-307
Received:
12 May 2017
Accepted:
19 May 2017
Published:
10 July 2017
Abstract: Background: The context of work for nurses is rapidly changing due to changes in care, innovative technologies, and emergence of new knowledge. Participation in Continuing Professional Development (CPD) in many countries in Africa remains low. Objective: The objective of the study was to explore the challenges facing Nurses while participating in CPD in Western Kenya. Methods: A descriptive cross- sectional study design was employed where 235 stratified and randomly selected nurses and four CPD Coordinators from four County Hospitals in Western Kenya were selected. The Key informants and the respondents for Focus Group Discussions were selected purposively. Data for this research was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire, interview schedules and Focus Group Discussion guide. Data analysis was done using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS V. 20). Data was summarized using frequencies; means and standard deviation. The data obtained was presented using percentage distributions, bar graphs and frequencies. Qualitative data was analysed thematically. Results: Majority of the nurses reported staff shortage 199 (85.8%), lack of time due to heavy workload 179 (77.2%) and lack of finance 137 (59.1%). Other challenges included: lack of information on availability of CPD (35.8%), family commitment (28.9%), lack of interest (15.1%) and distance (27.2%). Findings from FGDs showed similar results; staff shortage and heavy workload were cited as major challenges hindering nurse’s participation in CPDs. Key informants reported, lack of written policies for CPD, lack of available guidelines for CPD and lack of coordination with other CPD coordinators either at County level or at National level. Conclusion and Recommendations: The main challenges highlighted by nurses were:-staff shortages, lack of time due to heavy workload, lack of finances, night shift and lack of information on the availability of CPD. Key informants highlighted:- lack of written policies for CPD, lack of available guidelines for CPD, lack of coordination with other CPD coordinators. The study recommends employing more nurses, formulating policies affecting CPD and providing financial support to help support CPD activities. Coordinators should organize favorable time and space for CPD activities while ensuring equal opportunities are offered for participation and there is need for coordination with other CPD coordinators either at County level or at National level.
Abstract: Background: The context of work for nurses is rapidly changing due to changes in care, innovative technologies, and emergence of new knowledge. Participation in Continuing Professional Development (CPD) in many countries in Africa remains low. Objective: The objective of the study was to explore the challenges facing Nurses while participating in C...
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Correlates to Relapse as Perceived by Schizophrenic Patients
Zeinab Ahmed Abdelsalam,
Naglaa Mostafa Gaber
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, August 2017
Pages:
308-314
Received:
21 May 2017
Accepted:
31 May 2017
Published:
10 July 2017
Abstract: Relapse among schizophrenic patients is a major challenge for mental health service providers in Egypt. Relapse has negative consequences and it can affect to patients, their families, the mental health care providers and the country's economy. This study aimed to explore the correlates of relapse as perceived by schizophrenic patients. A descriptive correlational design was utilized in this study. Three tools were utilized; the socio-demographic data sheet, the patient's medical data sheet and the relapse factors questionnaire that was developed by the researchers. A purposive sample of 90 schizophrenic patients was recruited in the current study. The study was carried out at Psychiatric Medicine and Addiction Prevention Hospital – El Manial University Hospital. The results revealed that the majority of the sample agreed that the social stigma related factors, and lack of rehabilitation services in the community, in addition to decreased patient's compliance with the medications were the most reported factors for relapse. However, the multiple regression analysis showed that there were no significant relationships among patient's socio-demographic or medical data and their relapse. The study concluded that, many factors can interfere with the recovery process of schizophrenic patients such as, lack of social and community support, non compliance to medication, and stigma. The study recommended that applying the mental health education and provision of effective and accessible community mental health services can help in reducing the relapse among schizophrenic patients.
Abstract: Relapse among schizophrenic patients is a major challenge for mental health service providers in Egypt. Relapse has negative consequences and it can affect to patients, their families, the mental health care providers and the country's economy. This study aimed to explore the correlates of relapse as perceived by schizophrenic patients. A descripti...
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Nursing Student's Experience on Locus of Control and Its Relation with Learning Performance and Academic Support: A Comparative Study
Wafaa Abd El-Azeem El-Hosany,
Wafaa Fathi Sleem
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, August 2017
Pages:
315-323
Received:
15 April 2017
Accepted:
11 May 2017
Published:
12 July 2017
Abstract: Nowadays researchers are paying more attention to factors that may lead to the promotion or inhibition of the academic performance and socializing the education through fostering the academic support. Cognitive abilities are no longer sufficient to determine academic success or failure, it is important to investigate the psychological skills as locus of control. The study aimed to investigate nursing student's experience on locus of control and its relation with learning performance and academic support. Cross section analytical study design was used to fulfill this study. This study was conducted at two settings: Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University and Faculty of Nursing, Suez Canal University. The study sample includes 222 students from Mansoura University and 186 students from Suez Canal University. Data of the present study were collected by using three tools namely: Internal-External Locus of Control Scale, Learning Performance Scale and perceived academic support scale. Results of the present study indicated that more than half of students had internal locus of control rather than external locus of control, 55.9% of students had internal locus of control in Suez Canal University and 59.5% in Mansoura University, high learning performance and high perceived academic support of the participated students. There was no significant correlation between locus of control (internal or external) and learning performance or perceived academic support. more than half of students had internal locus of control rather than external locus of control and there was no significant correlation between locus of control (internal or external) and learning performance or perceived academic support. According to study findings academic administrators should pay attention to help students to improve and understand how their self perceptions may affect their academic performance.
Abstract: Nowadays researchers are paying more attention to factors that may lead to the promotion or inhibition of the academic performance and socializing the education through fostering the academic support. Cognitive abilities are no longer sufficient to determine academic success or failure, it is important to investigate the psychological skills as loc...
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Overview of Cancer Care and Oncology Nursing in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Dhuha Youssef Wazqar,
Mickey Kerr,
Sandra Regan,
Carole Orchard
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, August 2017
Pages:
324-332
Received:
30 May 2017
Accepted:
5 June 2017
Published:
13 July 2017
Abstract: Cancer prevalence is increasing in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. While the exact etiology of this trend is unknown, it can perhaps be partially attributed to an increased life expectancy and changes in lifestyle habits. One of the main challenges to the provision of appropriate cancer and palliative care is the critical shortage of oncology healthcare professionals, including nurses. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is characterized by its Islamic faith, culture, and unique traditions that may contribute to uniquely stressful situations for oncology nurses working in Saudi oncology care settings. This article provides an overview of cancer care and oncology nursing in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia based on literature reporting challenges experienced by nurses delivering this care within the Saudi Arabian healthcare system and its cancer care services. Published literature written in English on cancer care and oncology nurses in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia were identified through a search of publicly available databases such as Medline, CINAHL, and Google Scholar as well as government sources. Reference lists were hand searched. Search terms used were Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabian healthcare system, nursing education, nursing, Saudi nurses, oncology nursing, cancer, and cancer care. Common challenges facing oncology nursing in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia are related to high job demands, staff shortages, communication and language barriers, and cultural differences that may lead to stressful work environments and reduce the quality of care provided to their patients. While many steps have been undertaken by the Saudi Ministry of Health to reform the healthcare system, a number of challenges remain. The need for greater availability of cancer care and palliative care settings in all Saudi regions is strongly indicated. Nursing administrators/managers should take these factors into consideration to enhance the Saudi oncology care nursing work environment and to improve the quality of nursing care for patients with cancer and their families.
Abstract: Cancer prevalence is increasing in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. While the exact etiology of this trend is unknown, it can perhaps be partially attributed to an increased life expectancy and changes in lifestyle habits. One of the main challenges to the provision of appropriate cancer and palliative care is the critical shortage of oncology healthca...
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Family Needs of Critically Ill Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit, Comparison of Nurses and Family Perception
Amany Lotfy Abdel-Aziz,
Safaa Eid Sayed Ahmed,
Gehan Abd El-Hakeem Younis
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, August 2017
Pages:
333-346
Received:
31 May 2017
Accepted:
12 June 2017
Published:
18 July 2017
Abstract: In critical care unit, nurses provide care for critically ill patient and provide support for patient's families. Also, critical illness has an effects on patient' families and may threatened their stability. The aim of the study was to identify the perception of critically ill patient's family and nurses’ towards family needs, and the extent to which those needs are viewed as met. A descriptive research design was used in this study. The study was conducted at medical, anesthesia and neurology Intensive Care Units (ICU) at Tanta University and Emergency Hospitals, Tanta, Egypt. All critical care nurses working in the three units were included in the study. Also, Convenience sample of 90 family members of critically ill patients were included. Two tools were utilized to collect data: Tool (I): Socio-demographic characteristics of family members and nurses. Tool II: The combined 30-item version of the Critical Care Family Needs Inventory/Needs Met Inventory (CCFNI/NMI). The results of this study reported that the mean score of important information needs perceived by family members was increased (24.04±3.09), while it was (22.12±3.05) among the studied nurses. Also, the mean score of MET information needs perceived by family members was (18.02±2.36) while it was (19.54±2.32) among studied nurses. The mean score (24.17±2.26) of important item of proximity domain was increased among studied family members than among nurses (22.64±2.43). It was concluded that most of the important needs perceived by family members in the three ICUs are not always met except some needs were met in little percentage. Nurses and patients' families had ranked higher mean score regarding the information, proximity and assurance needs than support and comfort needs. It was recommended: Nurses need to continuously identify strategies to best meet the needs of family members in times of crisis.
Abstract: In critical care unit, nurses provide care for critically ill patient and provide support for patient's families. Also, critical illness has an effects on patient' families and may threatened their stability. The aim of the study was to identify the perception of critically ill patient's family and nurses’ towards family needs, and the extent to wh...
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The Effect of Mode of Delivery on Postpartum Sexual Function and Sexual Quality of Life in Primiparous Women
Hanan Abd Elwahab El Sayed,
Soad Abd el Salam Ramadan,
Heba Abdel-Fatah Ibrahim,
Huda Abd Allah Moursi
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, August 2017
Pages:
347-357
Received:
5 June 2017
Accepted:
19 June 2017
Published:
24 July 2017
Abstract: Pregnancy and delivery are one of the most significant periods of women's life that causes hormonal and bodily alterations which could have major effects on sexual function and sexual quality of life. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of mode of delivery on postpartum sexual function and sexual quality of life in primiparous women. A comparative descriptive design was used. The study was conducted at the family planning outpatient clinic of Benha teaching hospital. A purposive sample of 277 primiparous women were divided in two groups vaginal delivery (n= 140) and cesarean section (n=137). Three tools were used for data collection; 1) Structured interviewing questionnaire to collect data about the women' demographic characteristics, gynecologic and sexual history. 2) Female sexual function index was used to evaluate sexual function of the studied women. 3) Sexual quality of life-female questionnaire. The study results showed that 65% of vaginal delivery group and 57.7% of cesarean section group had poor sexual function level, 76.4% of vaginal delivery group and 75.9% of cesarean section group had average level of sexual quality of life after delivery, which revealed no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05) between the two groups as regard to postpartum sexual function and sexual quality of life. Moreover, there was a positive highly statistically significant correlation (P < 0.01) between the women' sexual function scores and their sexual quality of life scores. The study concluded that there were no statistically significant differences between vaginal delivery and cesarean section groups as regard to postpartum sexual function and sexual quality of life. The study recommended that nurses should provide sexual education for women during postpartum period to enhance sexual functioning and sexual quality of life.
Abstract: Pregnancy and delivery are one of the most significant periods of women's life that causes hormonal and bodily alterations which could have major effects on sexual function and sexual quality of life. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of mode of delivery on postpartum sexual function and sexual quality of life in primiparous women. A ...
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Using Health Belief Model to Probe Female Adolescent Perception About Breast Cancer in Riyadh City
Manal Fehade Al-Harbi,
Kholoud Al-Haji,
Salma Abd El Atty Moawed,
Abeer Hawsawi
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, August 2017
Pages:
358-365
Received:
19 June 2017
Accepted:
28 June 2017
Published:
24 July 2017
Abstract: The perceived of those susceptible to breast cancer (BC) such as female adolescent is significant. Early detection lead to early prevention. The present study aimed to probe the perception of female adolescent at age group of 15-20 years in Riyadh about BC (phenomena) and the relationship between demographic characteristics of students and their perception regarding BC as a way of improving high school student toward health knowledge. A cross-sectional prospective study conducted among governmental and private school students. The study was conducted in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from February to May 2014. A Representative probability sample of secondary school girls (n=917) in both Governmental and private was recruited for conducting this study. A structured questionnaire was developed which included part about four constructs of Health Belief Model and other parts about sociodemographic data and items related to students’ source of information about BC. The validity and reliability for the scale was established. It was found that the perceived level of participants was moderate (M=3; SD =1.07) which provide an important baseline data about perception of toward BC. It is crucial to improve students level of perception toward BC and practice of breast self-examination (BSE) among female adolescent students within community. A further study is needed to explore the perception of female adolescent using both quantitative and qualitative methodology to elicit cultural issue in BC perception and breast self-exam.
Abstract: The perceived of those susceptible to breast cancer (BC) such as female adolescent is significant. Early detection lead to early prevention. The present study aimed to probe the perception of female adolescent at age group of 15-20 years in Riyadh about BC (phenomena) and the relationship between demographic characteristics of students and their pe...
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Gastric Residual Volume Linked to Gastric Fluid pH in Infants with Very Low Birth Weight
Lilan He,
Weiju Chen,
Yanfei Li,
Minping Deng
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, August 2017
Pages:
366-369
Received:
16 July 2017
Accepted:
24 July 2017
Published:
17 August 2017
Abstract: Limited information exists regarding the correlation between gastric residual volume and gastric fluid pH before feedings in infants with very low birth weight. The purpose of this study was to evaluate this relationship in infants with feeding tolerance compared with that in those with feeding intolerance. A total of 86 infants with very low birth weight were included in the study, including 43 with feeding tolerance (study group) and 43 with feeding intolerance (control group). Gastric residual volume was obtained using a feeding tube and acidity measured using a pH-test paper. The gastric fluid pH was measured before each feeding in both the groups and compared. Demographic and clinical characteristics were similar between very low birth weight infants with and without feeding intolerance. Significant differences were observed in the gastric fluid pH between groups (p < 0.05). The gastric fluid pH value significantly increased with increasing gastric residual volume in a linear fashion (Pearson correlation = 0.543; P < 0.05). There is a positive linear correlation between gastric residual volume and gastric juice pH value in infants with very low birth weight.
Abstract: Limited information exists regarding the correlation between gastric residual volume and gastric fluid pH before feedings in infants with very low birth weight. The purpose of this study was to evaluate this relationship in infants with feeding tolerance compared with that in those with feeding intolerance. A total of 86 infants with very low birth...
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