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Bio-Sand Filter (BSF): A Simple Water Treatment Device for Safe Drinking Water Supply and to Promote Health in Hazard Prone Hard-to-Reach Coastal Areas of Bangladesh
A. H. M. Enamul Kabir,
Tapos Kumar Chakraborty,
Gopal Chandra Ghosh
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 5, October 2016
Pages:
109-114
Received:
21 July 2016
Accepted:
1 August 2016
Published:
15 August 2016
Abstract: This study investigated a locally assembled ‘Bio-Sand Filter (BSF)’ water treatment device for low cost household level drinking water supply in hazard-prone hard-to-reach coastal areas of Bangladesh to promote health. The device was made using locally available materials (plastic bucket, sand and gravel). Overall study results revealed a greater portion of turbidity reduction (>99%) in the filtrate. The filter was found to reduce 1.5-log of total coliform and 1.6-log of fecal coliform, though it is not capable of consistently meeting the WHO guideline to be less than 1CFU per 100 ml for both fecal and total coliform. The chlorination results showed that 2.4 mg/L chlorine doses were effective in post treatment of the filtrate and meet the recommended WHO guidelines to have free chlorine at least 0.5 mg/L to 1.0 mg/L in the stored water after 24hr to protect water from recontamination. The results led to the conclusion that one device could provide enough drinking water (24 to 50 L) to satisfy the needs of a large representative household. The filters reduce the risks of contamination between the water source and at the point of consumption through improving water quality that can be translated into improved health outcomes.
Abstract: This study investigated a locally assembled ‘Bio-Sand Filter (BSF)’ water treatment device for low cost household level drinking water supply in hazard-prone hard-to-reach coastal areas of Bangladesh to promote health. The device was made using locally available materials (plastic bucket, sand and gravel). Overall study results revealed a greater p...
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Performance Evaluation of Existing Community Level Arsenic Removal Plants for Arsenic Free Drinking Water Supply in Jessore and Jhenidah Districts of Bangladesh
Tapos Kumar Chakraborty,
Prianka Ghosh,
Sayka Jahan,
Gopal Chandra Ghosh
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 5, October 2016
Pages:
115-120
Received:
19 July 2016
Accepted:
28 July 2016
Published:
17 August 2016
Abstract: The use of groundwater as drinking water in Bangladesh is favoured by its easy availability, microbial safety and absence of proper infrastructure for treatment and distribution of surface water. As a result, millions of people are affected by widespread arsenic poisoning through drinking water drawn from underground sources containing arsenic at concentrations well above the permissible limit of 50µg/L. Since 2000, hundreds of community level arsenic removal plants have been installed in the south-west region of Bangladesh. However, the performance of the plants over time is hindered by lack of information due to the absence of long term water quality monitoring information. The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of existing community level arsenic removal plants. In this study, we selected five arsenic removal plants (four plants were Arsenic Iron Removal Plant, namely AIRP; and one Granular Ferric Hydroxide Based Arsenic Removal Unit, namely SIDKO) located in Jessore and Jhenidah district. All AIRPs and SIDKO achieved the Bangladesh standard for arsenic in drinking water of 50µg/L. The AIRPs removed 64% of influent arsenic on average. However, the SIDKO removed 80 % of influent arsenic. Treated water quality parameter (such as pH, EC, TDS, PO43-, As, NO3-) of the plants were within the WHO standards, except NH3 (0.01-1.89 mg/L) and Fe++ (1.0 – 1.21 mg/L) for long term uses.
Abstract: The use of groundwater as drinking water in Bangladesh is favoured by its easy availability, microbial safety and absence of proper infrastructure for treatment and distribution of surface water. As a result, millions of people are affected by widespread arsenic poisoning through drinking water drawn from underground sources containing arsenic at c...
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A Detailed Study on Environmental Sustainability in Knit Composite Industries of Bangladesh
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 5, October 2016
Pages:
121-127
Received:
25 July 2016
Accepted:
8 August 2016
Published:
8 September 2016
Abstract: This research paper has illustrated different forms of contemporary sustainable measures that can be applied in knitwear manufacturing industries. Apart of discussing this aspect, the paper has also reported what types of sustainable measures are being adopted by the Bangladeshi garments industries while producing knitted garments. Different ways of introducing and maintaining sustainability in garments industry have been elaborately presented in this paper. The research has also described what kinds of difficulties usually impair industrialists in adopting or executing sustainable practices in producing knitted apparels. In order to collect the information the author visited five garments industries and conducted interview with key responsible persons of those industries. A questionnaire was prepared for interviewing them. Their answers have been discussed elaborately in this paper followed by a concise conclusion.
Abstract: This research paper has illustrated different forms of contemporary sustainable measures that can be applied in knitwear manufacturing industries. Apart of discussing this aspect, the paper has also reported what types of sustainable measures are being adopted by the Bangladeshi garments industries while producing knitted garments. Different ways o...
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Production and Fuel Properties of Biodiesel from Gingerbread Plum (Parinari macrophylla) Seed Oil Using MgO/Al2O3 Catalyst
Muhammad Mukhtar,
Musa Usman Dabai
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 5, October 2016
Pages:
128-133
Received:
5 June 2016
Accepted:
17 June 2016
Published:
12 September 2016
Abstract: Increase in environmental pollution due fossil fuel exhaust emissions coupled with petroleum fuel depletion leads to search for the alternative green sources of energy. In views of this, methanolysis of gingerbread plum (Parinari macrophylla) seed oil had been carried out using 5wt.% MgO/Al2O3 catalyst to produce biodiesel and assess its fuel quality as a source of green energy. The results produced a biodiesel with 97% yields, 0.60g/cm3 density, 0.42% water and sediment content, 0.45mg/KOH acid value, 84.20mg/KOH saponification value, 75mg I2/100g Iodine value, 94.24 Cetane index and high heating value of 49MJ/Kg. The GC/MS results indicated the presence of methyl-9-octadecenoate, methyl-12-octadecenoate, methyl-hexadecanoate esters, octadecanoic and oleic acids. The methyl ester biodiesel produced therefore, promises to be a viable source of green energy for future use.
Abstract: Increase in environmental pollution due fossil fuel exhaust emissions coupled with petroleum fuel depletion leads to search for the alternative green sources of energy. In views of this, methanolysis of gingerbread plum (Parinari macrophylla) seed oil had been carried out using 5wt.% MgO/Al2O3 catalyst to produce biodiesel and assess its fuel quali...
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Assessment of the Using Patterns of Pesticides and Its Impact on Farmers Health in the Jhenidah District of Bangladesh
Most. Nasima Akhter,
Tapos Kumar Chakraborty,
Prianka Ghosh,
Sayka Jahan,
Gopal Chandra Ghosh,
Sheikh Abir Hossain
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 5, October 2016
Pages:
139-144
Received:
28 August 2016
Accepted:
5 September 2016
Published:
22 September 2016
Abstract: Unreasonable utilization of pesticides is progressively debilitating our biological community, well-being and environment. The main objectives of these studies were to examine the pesticide using pattern and its impact on farmer’s health. Kaligonj and Jhenaidah sadar upazila of Jhenaidah districts were selected as a study area, where agriculture is the main sources of livelihood. Data were collected from randomly selected 80 farmers through a defined questionnaire. Study finding indicates that most of the farmers used insecticide (80%) in their agricultural fields and about (75%) farmers were could not read the level of the pesticides packet/bottle as a result they applied in a high dose. About seventy-seven percentage (77%) farmers used hand derived sprayer machines for pesticide application and during that time 80% farmers were not taking any types of protective measures. Gastro- intestinal diseases (84%), eye diseases (64%), skin diseases (60%) and urine and sexual diseases (54%) were the most common diseases in the study area. Farmers who were engaged in agricultural practices during 15-19 years they were suffering most from various types of health problem. Intensive awareness training of farmers on safety measures regarding the application of pesticides and its rational use is necessary to avoid potential health hazards.
Abstract: Unreasonable utilization of pesticides is progressively debilitating our biological community, well-being and environment. The main objectives of these studies were to examine the pesticide using pattern and its impact on farmer’s health. Kaligonj and Jhenaidah sadar upazila of Jhenaidah districts were selected as a study area, where agriculture is...
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