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Cartographic Approach to Garbage Collection on the Coast of Ngor (Dakar, Senegal)
Ramatoulaye Mbengue,
Mame Demba Thiam,
Hyacinthe Sambou,
Bienvenu Sambou,
Amadou Tahirou Diaw,
Abdoulaye Ndour
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 4, August 2015
Pages:
174-181
Received:
30 May 2015
Accepted:
19 June 2015
Published:
2 July 2015
Abstract: This paper aims to analyze the dysfunction of the garbage collection on the coast of Ngor through GPS which is the processing of satellite images combined with field surveys. It highlights and analyzes the failures of the waste collection system in Ngor by the techniques of Geographic Information Systems. Some suggestions are propose to improve the overall quality of the waste management service, the quality of the environment and public health. This study sought the issue of management of solid urban waste on the coast of Ngor (Dakar/Senegal) from production to final landfill. Its importance lies in that it highlighted the salient points such as the location of illegal dumping of garbage. The location of collection circuits will enable decision makers to meet the logistical needs and fit into the establishment of a waste management strategy. This study helps strengthen the collection at the household level (which still dump their waste very often in nature) to encourage recycling, recovery for a sustainable environmental management.
Abstract: This paper aims to analyze the dysfunction of the garbage collection on the coast of Ngor through GPS which is the processing of satellite images combined with field surveys. It highlights and analyzes the failures of the waste collection system in Ngor by the techniques of Geographic Information Systems. Some suggestions are propose to improve the...
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Debates on Land Titling
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 4, August 2015
Pages:
182-187
Received:
9 June 2015
Accepted:
16 June 2015
Published:
18 July 2015
Abstract: Countries like Ethiopia emphasis that certification process guarantees land use and transfer rights ensures tenure security, and is a vital incentive for farmers to invest in their land and improve production. The program is assumed to addresses the issue of tenure insecurity which is a chronic problem in most developing countries. Moreover, land titling has a good effect in reducing of both border and inheritance disputes. However, there are debating issues on the effect of land titling in tenure security, land management and land disputes. The aim of this study is to investigate whether land titling has resulted in insuring tenure security, assuring land management, and reducing land related disputes or not. Though land titling is not a sufficient factor for sustainable land management, it is a necessary condition so that it enables farmers to have confidence on their tenures which is a preliminary condition to start land management activities. In addition to this, land titling is vital for minimizing of land disputes.
Abstract: Countries like Ethiopia emphasis that certification process guarantees land use and transfer rights ensures tenure security, and is a vital incentive for farmers to invest in their land and improve production. The program is assumed to addresses the issue of tenure insecurity which is a chronic problem in most developing countries. Moreover, land t...
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Levels of Selected Essential and Nonessential Metals in Roasted Coffee Beans of Yirgacheffe and Sidama, Ethiopia
A. Tesfay Gebretsadik,
Tarekegn Berhanu,
Belete Kefarge
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 4, August 2015
Pages:
188-192
Received:
14 June 2015
Accepted:
26 June 2015
Published:
20 July 2015
Abstract: The study was conducted to assess the contents of essential and non-essential metals in coffee beans. For this matter, seven essential metals such as K, Mg, Ca, Na, Mn, Cu and Zn and two nonessential metals (Cd and Pb) in four roasted coffee samples (washed Yirgacheffe, unwashed Yirgacheffe, washed Sidama and unwashed Sidama) were determined by FAAS. Closed microwave assisted wet digestion method with addition of concentrated (69-70%) HNO3 and 30% H2O2 were selected for decomposition of ground roasted coffee samples. Generally, the levels of metals in all roasted coffee samples were found: K > Mg > Ca > Na >Mn> Zn > Cu, but the non-essential metals Pb and Cd were found to be below method detection limit. The digestion method was evaluated by spiking roasted coffee samples and their percentage recoveries were in the range of 95 −104 %. It is suggested that the consumption of roasted coffee beans could be a source of dietary essential metals and a possible entrance path way for trace metals to the food chain.
Abstract: The study was conducted to assess the contents of essential and non-essential metals in coffee beans. For this matter, seven essential metals such as K, Mg, Ca, Na, Mn, Cu and Zn and two nonessential metals (Cd and Pb) in four roasted coffee samples (washed Yirgacheffe, unwashed Yirgacheffe, washed Sidama and unwashed Sidama) were determined by FAA...
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Accuracy Assessment of Land Use Land Cover Classification using Google Earth
Abineh Tilahun,
Bogale Teferie
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 4, August 2015
Pages:
193-198
Received:
16 June 2015
Accepted:
1 July 2015
Published:
25 July 2015
Abstract: This study examines the accuracy assessment of land use land cover classification using Google Earth in the case of Kilite Awulalo, Tigray State, Ethiopia for the year 2014. For this study, Landsat-8 OLI_TIRS image of 2014 was used and analyzed using Arc GIS 10.1. Supervised classification scheme was used to classify the images. Under land use and land cover categories Agriculture land, Settlement land, Grazing land, Forest land, Bush land, Water bodies and Bare/stony land were studied. After classification of land use land cover types, 100 Random Points were generated in Arc GIS and converting random points to KML in order to open in Google Earth. Each random point’s value verified from Google Earth for accuracy assessment. Google Earth model was used to measure of how many ground truth pixels are correctly classified. For this study, Free Google Earth which was Build in Date 10/7/2013 was used. The result shows that total (overall) accuracy of land use and land cover for 2014 is 82.00% and Kappa (K) is 77.02% which is acceptable in both accuracy total (overall) and Kappa accuracy.
Abstract: This study examines the accuracy assessment of land use land cover classification using Google Earth in the case of Kilite Awulalo, Tigray State, Ethiopia for the year 2014. For this study, Landsat-8 OLI_TIRS image of 2014 was used and analyzed using Arc GIS 10.1. Supervised classification scheme was used to classify the images. Under land use and ...
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Carbon Stock Variations Along Altitudinal and Slope Gradient in the Forest Belt of Simen Mountains National Park, Ethiopia
Tibebu Yelemfrhat Simegn,
Teshome Soromessa
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 4, August 2015
Pages:
199-201
Received:
1 July 2015
Accepted:
22 July 2015
Published:
1 August 2015
Abstract: Forests play a significant role in climate change mitigation by sequestering and storing more carbon from the atmosphere which is released by anthropogenic causes. The overall objective of this study was to measure Variations of Carbon Stock along Altitudinal and Slope Gradient in the forest belt of Simen Mountains National Park. And it aimed to add values of the lowland forest belt of the park for climate change mitigation contribution in Ethiopia. The work was accomplished properly using random sampling to estimate the forest carbon in above and below ground biomass by considered each trees and shrubs which had DBH ≥5 cm. Above ground biomass was estimated by using allometric models equation while below ground biomass was determined based on the ratio of below ground biomass to above ground biomass factors. Dead wood, leaf litter, herb and grass (LHG) and soil organic carbon were conducted according to sampling quadrates data and laboratory result. The results shown that, there were twenty species with a density of 2334 trees and shrubs in the study sites which had DBH ≥5 cm. The mean above ground and below ground biomass carbon stock were 270.89±154.50 and 54.18±30.81 t ha-1 respectively. The mean above ground biomass carbon per species was 20.42±17.99 t ha-1. The mean carbon in dead wood, LHG and soil carbon were 0.7258±1.0479, 0.019±0.008 and 242.51±46.42 t ha-1 respectively. The total Carbone stock variation along altitudinal gradient was 542.6, 550.73 and 627.01 t ha-1 for upper, mid and lower altitude respectively by which higher amount of carbon was stored in lower altitude. The total carbon stock variation along slope gradient was 487.3, 557.00 and 625.877 t ha-1 for upper, mid and lower slope respectively by which higher amount of carbon was stored in lower altitude. So that in this study both altitude and slope had the same impact on carbon stock potential of the species in the areas of study.
Abstract: Forests play a significant role in climate change mitigation by sequestering and storing more carbon from the atmosphere which is released by anthropogenic causes. The overall objective of this study was to measure Variations of Carbon Stock along Altitudinal and Slope Gradient in the forest belt of Simen Mountains National Park. And it aimed to ad...
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