Review Article
«Proteflazid®» - Antiviral Agent from Ukraine
Oleksandr Yosypovych Hrynevych*
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 3, June 2026
Pages:
35-49
Received:
2 June 2026
Accepted:
18 June 2026
Published:
18 August 2026
Abstract: Aim: To summarize and systematize current knowledge on the pharmacodynamics of PROTEFLAZID®, an original antiviral drug developed from the innovative active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) Proteflazid, focusing on its clinical efficacy, mechanisms of action, and therapeutic significance for viral diseases of various etiologies. Materials and Methods: A systematic review of over 230 clinical and experimental studies, including controlled, randomized, and placebo-controlled trials conducted from 2000 to 2024. The analysis encompassed published articles, clinical guidelines, and regulatory data on the efficacy, safety, and pharmacodynamics of PROTEFLAZID® and its pharmaceutical forms (drops, syrup, suppositories, capsules) in patients of all age groups with RNA and DNA viral infections. Results: PROTEFLAZID® demonstrates a multi-targeted pharmacodynamic profile, exhibiting direct antiviral activity against both RNA and DNA viruses through inhibition of viral-specific enzymes (DNA and RNA polymerases, thymidine kinase, reverse transcriptase, 3CL protease, neuraminidase). The drug has pronounced interferonogenic, immunomodulatory (without inducing refractoriness of the immune system), antioxidant, and apoptosis-modulating effects. Clinical trials involving more than 31,000 patients confirmed the drug’s efficacy and safety in preventing and treating viral infections, including influenza, herpesviruses, hepatitis B and C, human papillomavirus, cytomegalovirus, and SARS-CoV-2. PROTEFLAZID® was shown to reduce viral load, normalize immune cell populations, stimulate endogenous interferon production, improve antioxidant defenses, and decrease the risk of complications and mortality. The drug is well-tolerated, non-immunotoxic, and suitable for use in all age groups. Conclusions: The results substantiate the practical value of Proteflazid-based antivirals for effective and safe prophylactic and therapeutic use in viral diseases of diverse etiology.
Abstract: Aim: To summarize and systematize current knowledge on the pharmacodynamics of PROTEFLAZID®, an original antiviral drug developed from the innovative active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) Proteflazid, focusing on its clinical efficacy, mechanisms of action, and therapeutic significance for viral diseases of various etiologies. Materials and Method...
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Research Article
Effect of Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibition on the Injury of Intestinal Mucosal Barrier in Rat Model with Severe Acute Pancreatitis
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 3, June 2026
Pages:
50-56
Received:
22 June 2026
Accepted:
13 July 2026
Published:
24 August 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajim.20261403.12
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Abstract: Background: The injury of intestinal mucosal barrier in the later period of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) results in flora migration with the endotoxin and bacterium entering blood circulation, final result of bacteremia, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), eventually death. poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1(PARP-1) is a nuclear DNA-binding protein that has been revealed a wide role in DNA repair, chromatin structure, necrosis, inflammation and immune function. We plan to determine whether PARP-1 and its inhibition affect the injury of intestinal mucosal barrier in SAP. Methods: SAP was induced by 6 hourly intraperitoneal injection of cerulein (50ug/kg), with lipopolysaccharide (10mg/kg) in the last time. At 30 min prior, rats were treated with the PARP inhibition 3-Aminobenzamide (3-AB) or normal saline. 40 rats were randomly separated into 4 groups of a normal control group, a SAP group, a SAP with inhibition group and an inhibition group. After 12 hours, all rats were killed. We compared serum amylase, interleukin-6 (IL-6), celiac morphological changes, pancreatic pathological injury, intestinal histology. Activities of PARP-1, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB), Occludin in the intestine were also examined. Result: The inflammation and injury has been showed seriously in the intestines. with SAP, the expression of PARP-1 and NF-kB also has been shown high level. But with administration of PARP inhibitor, 3-AB, the severity of SAP and pancreatitis-associated intestinal injury was significantly attenuated, the protein expression of PARP-1 and NF-kB was significantly decreased. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that PARP inhibitors played a positive role in the injury of intestinal mucosal barrier in rat model with SAP.
Abstract: Background: The injury of intestinal mucosal barrier in the later period of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) results in flora migration with the endotoxin and bacterium entering blood circulation, final result of bacteremia, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), eventually death. poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1(PARP-1) is a nuclear DNA-binding ...
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