Abstract: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease which is caused by a new strain of coronavirus. Older individuals and people with comorbidities have a higher risk to develop more severe illness. COVID-19 survivors will have active immunity in conjunction with increase of SARS-CoV-2 antibody (Ab) titer 2-weeks after the symptoms onset and will be lasted until 12-weeks. Therefore, it will give protection against reinfection of COVID-19. This study reports a case of COVID-19 rapid reinfection in sixty-year-old man with diabetes mellitus. Case illustration: a sixty-year-old man presented to the emergency department with fever accompanied by cough, runny nose, malaise, and metallic taste since one day before admission to hospital. There was a history of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM) and COVID-19 infection 35-days before hospital admission without any symptoms. The current physical examinations demonstrated a mild dyspnea with oxygen saturation 97%, and diffuse rhonchi at the right area of chest auscultation. Chest X-ray discovered a multiple consolidation of the right lung, with suspicion of viral pneumonia. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) was 205 mg/dl, and 2-hour postprandial glucose was 508 mg/dl. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of SARS-CoV-2 via nasopharyngeal swab was taken and the result was positive. COVID-19 Ab titers IgM and IgG were 0.18 U/ml and 0.43 U/ml (<0.8 U/ml → non-reactive), respectively. The patient was diagnosed with COVID-19 reinfection and DM. The patient was treated with convalescent plasma, antivirus, antibiotics, insulin, steroid, anticoagulant, and other symptomatic medications. As the results, a well improvement of his clinical condition and the increase of Ab COVID-19 IgM and IgG evaluation test after convalescent plasma administration, 0.28 AU/ml and 17.67 AU/ml, respectively, were recorded. Summary: Researches revealed that DM might cause the specific immunity system dysfunction and the low production of antibody. This study found that poor blood-glucose control with a low Ab of SARS-CoV-2 production might induce this patient to have a COVID-19 reinfection. Advance immunological study about the correlation between DM and COVID-19 is very essential in the management of COVID-19 patients with DM.Abstract: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease which is caused by a new strain of coronavirus. Older individuals and people with comorbidities have a higher risk to develop more severe illness. COVID-19 survivors will have active immunity in conjunction with increase of SARS-CoV-2 antibody (Ab) titer 2-weeks after the symptoms onset a...Show More
Abstract: Researched the effect of chronic toxic maternal hepatitis on the cytometric features of immunocompetent cells (ICCls) of mammary gland tissues of the female and the jejunum of the offspring during breastfeeding. For morphological researches, pieces of the right inguinal mammary gland of female outbred rats with heliotrine hepatitis and the jejunum of the lean intestine of the offspring on days 1, 3, 7, 15 and 21 of lactation were used. Cytometric researches were carried out on semi-thin sections stained with methylene blue and pyronin G. It was established that in the last stages of pregnancy and in the first week after the onset of lactation, there is an increase in migration to the terminal secretory sections of the mammary gland of the ICCls, which indicates the participation of the mammary glands in the transfer of adoptive immunity to offspring and in maintaining the immune homeostasis of the small intestine, which decreases as the immune apparatus of the small intestine develops. A decrease in the number of ICCls migrating to the lactating mammary gland in case of mother's CTH negatively affects both immune adaptation and the structural and functional development and maturation of the immune apparatus of the jejunum of the offspring during breastfeeding.Abstract: Researched the effect of chronic toxic maternal hepatitis on the cytometric features of immunocompetent cells (ICCls) of mammary gland tissues of the female and the jejunum of the offspring during breastfeeding. For morphological researches, pieces of the right inguinal mammary gland of female outbred rats with heliotrine hepatitis and the jejunum ...Show More
