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Contrastive Analysis of Between Mekongga and English Syntax
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
110-115
Received:
22 March 2015
Accepted:
7 April 2015
Published:
17 April 2015
Abstract: The contrastive analysis is usually used in a foreign language acquisition research. The contrastive analysis is also used in linguistics level, for instance in morphology, syntax, and semantics. This research was conducted to provide useful information which was expected to give contribution in teaching of English especially at SMAN 1 Wundulako. The result of the research is expected to be useful to improve the teaching of English and to develop teachers’ professionalism itself. Other reason for this research is to give benefit for the next researcher. Based on the above statements, the researcher is interested in analyzing the patterns and types of Mekongga language sentences compared to English language sentences; moreover, to overcome problems which was found by the native speakers of Mekongga in studying English language. The design of study was a qualitative descriptive research. The data of Mekongga language sentences were obtained from free stories, linguistic books, informants, and from the researcher itself. The data concerning difficulties which might be faced by the native speakers of Mekongga in studying English language sentences were obtained by carrying out a translation test from Mekongga to English language. Mekongga sentences consist of two types of model, namely kernel sentences and derived or transform sentences. The result showed that the pattern of Mekongga kernel sentences is the same as the English’s; however, the patterns of Mekongga derived sentences are different from English sentences. Besides, the use of verbs, auxiliary verbs, article, determiner, noun phrase formulation, possessive pronoun formulation, the using of negative marker, and question words were also become distinctive features for both languages. Those differences become problems faced by the native speakers of Mekongga in studying English language sentences. Based on that, a teacher, particularly English language teacher in Kolaka district, need to improve his/her ability to overcome students’ difficulties in studying English, for instance by emphasizing in the presentation at difficult part of the subject matter and on the exercises which was prepared for the students.
Abstract: The contrastive analysis is usually used in a foreign language acquisition research. The contrastive analysis is also used in linguistics level, for instance in morphology, syntax, and semantics. This research was conducted to provide useful information which was expected to give contribution in teaching of English especially at SMAN 1 Wundulako. T...
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Exploring the Therapeutic Effects of Bhastrika Pranayama on Hematological Parameters: An Ancient Practice with Modern Relevance
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
116-121
Received:
15 April 2015
Accepted:
24 April 2015
Published:
6 May 2015
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of bhastrika pranayama on hematological parameters. Thirty Two, university level girls of Department of Physical Education (T), Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar between the age group of 19-25 years (Mean ± SD: age 21.718 ± 1.887 years, height 5.581 ± 2.235 feet’s, body mass 68.612 ± 4.209 kg) volunteered to participate in the study. The subjects from Group-A: Experimental were subjected to a 4-week bhastrika pranayama. Student t test for paired samples was utilized to compare the means of the pre-test and the post-test. No significant differences were found in Hemoglobin (Hb), Total Cholesterol (TC), Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-Cholesterol), High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-Cholesterol) and Triglycerides (TG) among University Level Girls.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of bhastrika pranayama on hematological parameters. Thirty Two, university level girls of Department of Physical Education (T), Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar between the age group of 19-25 years (Mean ± SD: age 21.718 ± 1.887 years, height 5.581 ± 2.235 feet’s, body mass 68.612 ± 4.209 ...
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The Translation Movement in the Arab World: From the Pre-Islamic Era Until the end of Umayyad Dynasty (Before 610-750 A. D.)
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
122-131
Received:
20 April 2015
Accepted:
24 April 2015
Published:
6 May 2015
Abstract: This research is a retrospective explanatory one. It traces back the contribution of Arab translators on the global translation movement and civilization starting from the pre-Islamic era until the end of the Umayyad caliphate in 750 A. D. The importance of translation in transferring knowledge from one nation to another and from one civilization to another is well-known to every scholar and researcher. This study has revealed that the contribution of Arab translators on the global translation movement and civilization has been performed by transferring knowledge and sciences from different resources, such as China, India in the East, and Greece, Roman empire in the west into the Islamic state in the Arab lands, and then they have participated in transferring that knowledge into Europe in the high medieval ages. Moreover, this research paper has provided evidence that the transfer was not limited to sciences such as chemistry, astronomy, botany among other branches of science. It has rather extended to include arts and literature; Arab translators have translated fiction and stories from India and East Asia to Europe and the West. This study has also affirmed that Arabs, before Islam, were mainly living, in the Arabian Peninsula, they have been divided and attracted into either one of the two biggest and strongest civilizations and powers at that time; the Romans in the west and Persians in the east. In other words, Arabs didn't have at that time an independent civilization, unified state or entity. When Islam came, the situation has dramatically been changed. This will be elaborated in details in this study. This research is composed of five sections. The first section is an introduction which discusses the significance of this study and definition of related terms. The second section reviews the related literature. The third section tackles the translation movement during different stages, this implies the pre-Islamic stage and Islamic stages including the translation movement during Prophet Muhammad’s life (610-632 A. D), the ruling period of the Rightly Guided Caliphs (Al klhulafa Ar rashidun) (632-661) and the Umayyad ruling stage from 662 to 750 A.D. The fourth section discusses the results and findings. The final section summarizes the study and submits suggested recommendations.
Abstract: This research is a retrospective explanatory one. It traces back the contribution of Arab translators on the global translation movement and civilization starting from the pre-Islamic era until the end of the Umayyad caliphate in 750 A. D. The importance of translation in transferring knowledge from one nation to another and from one civilization t...
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Thematic Structure in the Arabic Translations of Edgar Allan Poe's The Black Cat, The Tell-Tale Heart and Virginia Woolf's A Haunted House
Bahaa-Eddin Abulhassan Hassan
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
132-139
Received:
13 April 2015
Accepted:
24 April 2015
Published:
7 May 2015
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine thematic structure in the translations of Edgar Allan Poe's The Black Cat, The Tell-Tale Heart and Virginia Woolf's A Haunted House. Meaning in Gothic literary works is closely associated with word order. The study aims at discussing the problems arising from the differences between English and Arabic in the degree of reliance on thematic structure. The study shows how markedness, topicalization and focus are considered as possible problems of literary translation from English into Arabic. The study utilizes Thematic Structure Theory to analyze the marked sentences in the translations of these literary texts.
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine thematic structure in the translations of Edgar Allan Poe's The Black Cat, The Tell-Tale Heart and Virginia Woolf's A Haunted House. Meaning in Gothic literary works is closely associated with word order. The study aims at discussing the problems arising from the differences between English and Arabic in the ...
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The Role of Oral Self Correction to Enhance Kurdish High School Student’s Performance in Learning English as a Foreign Language
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
140-144
Received:
13 April 2015
Accepted:
25 April 2015
Published:
9 May 2015
Abstract: The role of corrective feedback in language learning has become an extremely debateable issue throughout the world. Unfortunately, this hot subject has not attracted the attention of researchers and educators in Iraqi Kurdistan region. In contrast, there appears to be a growing compromise among the majority of researchers and language practitioners in the world regarding the importance of the role played by corrective feedback in the second language learning process.This paper was about Kurdish high school students. Many secondary school students of about sixteen and seventeen years of age learn English as a foreign language in Kurdistan. Corrective feedback has a great role to play in learning a second language and has been considered a key factor in language learning.The aim of this paper is to explore the significant of self-correction as better means of feedback compared to other types. Differing opinions exist as to the best way to correct learners. Moreover, this paper seeks to explore the place of oral self-correction for EFL secondary students in a non-English speaking country. Might this type of feedback (self-correction) help Kurdish high school students to learn or will it hinder their English development.
Abstract: The role of corrective feedback in language learning has become an extremely debateable issue throughout the world. Unfortunately, this hot subject has not attracted the attention of researchers and educators in Iraqi Kurdistan region. In contrast, there appears to be a growing compromise among the majority of researchers and language practitioners...
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Investigating Paragraph Writing Skills among Polytechnic Students: The Case of Kumasi Polytechnic
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
145-153
Received:
25 March 2015
Accepted:
25 April 2015
Published:
12 May 2015
Abstract: Paragraphs are the building blocks of essays. A sound knowledge of paragraph structuring leads to well-written and readable essays. On the contrary, a lack of paragraph writing skills culminates into a farrago of ideas scattered haphazardly in the essay, thereby affecting paragraph unity and coherence, which in turn impacts negatively on the packaging of ideas in the essay. This study has been prompted by my observation over the years of paragraph construction difficulties polytechnic students face in their academic writing, and also the paucity of research in polytechnic writing. As a result, this paper set to investigate how students structure their paragraphs in terms of topic sentence use and support sentences. A corpus of 120 essays was collected from four departments in Kumasi Polytechnic, Kumasi, Ghana and using Bain’s paragraph principles as a benchmark to analyse them, the results revealed that 66% of the essays employed definite paragraph format. The study also found numerous one-sentence paragraphs leading to the creation of indentations, with reckless abandon. The results of the study have implications for the teaching of writing skills in polytechnics.
Abstract: Paragraphs are the building blocks of essays. A sound knowledge of paragraph structuring leads to well-written and readable essays. On the contrary, a lack of paragraph writing skills culminates into a farrago of ideas scattered haphazardly in the essay, thereby affecting paragraph unity and coherence, which in turn impacts negatively on the packag...
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Web-Based English to Yoruba Machine Translation
Akinwale O. I.,
Adetunmbi A. O.,
Obe O. O.,
Adesuyi A. T.
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
154-159
Received:
26 March 2015
Accepted:
1 May 2015
Published:
12 May 2015
Abstract: The growth of globalization in the world today has increased the rate at which people interact and integrate, thereby increasing the level of international integration from interchange of world views, products, ideas and other aspects of culture. Language differences therefore pose a major barrier to smooth running of these processes. Therefore there is need for existence of system that will help translate between languages. English is a West Germanic language which has become the lingual Franca in Nigeria and 53 other countries. Therefore vital information are written and spoken in English language in Nigeria. Meanwhile,Yoruba language is lagerly spoken in Nigeria with over 40 million speakers in the south-western part of the country and also in parts of Benin republic. This research deals with the translation of English text to Yoruba text using rule based method. Twenty two rules were formulated for the translation which is specified using context free grammar. A bilingual dictionary dataset containing English words and the corresponding translation in Yoruba language was used. The research model was implemented with ASP.net and C# programming languages which has been hosted on http://www.naijatranslate.com. The translator was evaluated to have accuracy of 90.5%.
Abstract: The growth of globalization in the world today has increased the rate at which people interact and integrate, thereby increasing the level of international integration from interchange of world views, products, ideas and other aspects of culture. Language differences therefore pose a major barrier to smooth running of these processes. Therefore the...
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Improving Students’ Speaking Skill through Yahoo Messenger at University of Iqra Buru
Saidna Zulfiqar A. Bin Tahir
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
174-181
Received:
3 May 2015
Accepted:
6 May 2015
Published:
19 May 2015
Abstract: The objectives of research were: (1) to find out whether or not the use of Yahoo Messenger (YM) improves the students’ speaking skill, and (2) to find out whether or not the students are interested in joining speaking class. This research employed Quasi Experimental Time Series Design. The sample consisted of 15 students of second semester of English Department of University of Iqra Buru in academic year 2012/2013. The data were collected through three kinds of instruments: speaking test to obtain data of students’ speaking skill, questionnaire to obtain data of students’ interest, and observation to obtain data of students’ activeness in joining speaking class. Data on students’ speaking skill were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, data on students’ interest were analyzed using Likert scale, and observation data were analyzed descriptively. The results of the research were: (1) the use of Yahoo Messenger in teaching speaking improved the students speaking skill; (2) the use of Yahoo Messenger increased the students’ interest in joining speaking class. It can be concluded that the use of Yahoo Messenger was effective medium to improve the students’ speaking skill in terms of accuracy, fluency, and comprehensibility, and YM can increase the students’ interest in joining speaking class.
Abstract: The objectives of research were: (1) to find out whether or not the use of Yahoo Messenger (YM) improves the students’ speaking skill, and (2) to find out whether or not the students are interested in joining speaking class. This research employed Quasi Experimental Time Series Design. The sample consisted of 15 students of second semester of Engli...
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T/V Pronouns in L2 Acquisition of Spanish
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
182-186
Received:
6 May 2015
Accepted:
15 May 2015
Published:
26 May 2015
Abstract: Many languages display a pronominal system in which there are both formal and informal forms to address others. In the L2 Spanish classroom, many English-speaking students unfamiliar with the T/V pronoun system (which is no longer present in English) often are only exposed to a generic set of rules (in the text and by the instructor) governing their usage. The system is a highly complex pragmatic phenomenon and can vary significantly based on factors such as dialect, familiarity, solidarity, emotion, and dispensation right. Lambert (1976) surveyed the phenomenon in Spanish and French and took into account familiarity, solidarity, and dispensation right. This study reports on a survey which tested the validity and reliability found in Lambert (1976) and furthered the study by examining the knowledge L2 Spanish students have about the use of the system of informal and formal pronouns and in addition to the parameters examined by Lambert, took dialect and emotion into account. The purpose of this study was to show that while a general rule governing T/V usage in L2 Spanish is sufficient to begin with, exposure to the natural language, explicit awareness of the phenomenon on the part of the instructor, and study abroad can all improve students’ mastery of this pragmatic phenomenon. This information can be useful to language educators of all levels.
Abstract: Many languages display a pronominal system in which there are both formal and informal forms to address others. In the L2 Spanish classroom, many English-speaking students unfamiliar with the T/V pronoun system (which is no longer present in English) often are only exposed to a generic set of rules (in the text and by the instructor) governing thei...
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Metadiscourse Devices in E-mail Writing: A Case Study Between a Polish Teacher and a Chinese Student
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2015
Pages:
187-192
Received:
8 May 2015
Accepted:
15 May 2015
Published:
27 May 2015
Abstract: This article aims at reporting on some of the preliminary results of an on-going study on the difference of the use of metadiscourse strategies in e-mail writing between a Polish teacher and a Chinese student. Drawing on Hyland’s (2005) Metadiscourse Theory, the purpose of the analysis is to show how the use of metadiscourse devices varies between an English-speaking person and a non English-speaking person in e-mail writing which covers a time period from 9 December 2013 to 1 January 2014. According to the analysis, we found out that metadisourse devices are frequently used in E-mail writing. Thanks to the different thinking mode and different ideology, people from different countries may use metadisourse devices differently. For example, the Polish Peter used more engagement markers than the Chinese student Tina did. While Tina used more hedges than Peter did. In this whole process, culture plays an important role.
Abstract: This article aims at reporting on some of the preliminary results of an on-going study on the difference of the use of metadiscourse strategies in e-mail writing between a Polish teacher and a Chinese student. Drawing on Hyland’s (2005) Metadiscourse Theory, the purpose of the analysis is to show how the use of metadiscourse devices varies between ...
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