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Research Article
Characterization of Morphological Traits in Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Landraces Collected from Ethiopia at Jimma
Eyuel Mesera,
Sentayehu Alamerew,
Birhanu Amsalu,
Garome Shifaraw*
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 1, February 2024
Pages:
1-6
Received:
16 December 2023
Accepted:
2 January 2024
Published:
18 January 2024
Abstract: Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) also known as haricot bean, snap bean, navey bean, and kidney bean. It is seed propagated and true diploid (2n = 22). Low yield is a major problem of common bean in Ethiopia. So, the morphological characterization of common bean landrace is essential to improve yield and yield related character through selection. The objective of this study was to characterize Common bean of landraces collected from different parts of Ethiopia. In this study, one hundred common bean landraces were evaluated in simple lattice design at Jimma Agricultural Research Center, Melko. Considerable variation in plant growth habit, Type-II (indeterminate bush) was the most prevalent among the accessions (55%), followed by Type-I (determinate bush) (45%) growth habits. The percentage frequencies of the qualitative classes varied from 4%-84%. The Hꞌ values varied from 0.190 for pod beak position to 0.642 for seed color. Characters with wide phenotypic diversity index was observed in seed color (Hꞌ=0.642) seed coat color (Hꞌ= 0.624), pod color (Hꞌ=0.622), and seed shape (Hꞌ=0.582) indicating widely diversified for these characters. On the other hand, pod beak position (Hꞌ=0.190) showed relatively the lowest diversity. The high diversity of bean landraces observed in this study, is in part due to farmer’s customary seed exchanges. Frequent mutations and genetic recombination are the other possible causes of high diversity of the bean landraces studied. In general, this study showed that the collection has a relatively important diversity. This genetic diversity can be exploited in improvement programmes. However, the present result based on morphological alone can’t make definite conclusion. As a result, it is recommended that molecular and other quality traits like protein content studies have to be carried out.
Abstract: Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) also known as haricot bean, snap bean, navey bean, and kidney bean. It is seed propagated and true diploid (2n = 22). Low yield is a major problem of common bean in Ethiopia. So, the morphological characterization of common bean landrace is essential to improve yield and yield related character through selection....
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Research Article
Promotion of Advanced Teff Technologies Using Large-Scale Demonstration Approach in Potential Areas of West Shewa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
Soruma Gerbi,
Dawit Milkias*,
Yenenesh Duguma
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 1, February 2024
Pages:
7-11
Received:
5 January 2024
Accepted:
19 January 2024
Published:
5 February 2024
Abstract: The study was designed to promote and disseminate improved teff varieties both in West Shewa and South west Shewa Zones six districts and Ambo town, Oromia region Ethiopia during 2020 – 2022 cropping season. The selection of Districts, kebeles and host farmers were done together with districts Agriculture Office and the extension team. Potential Kebeles were selected in order to conduct the large-scale demonstration activity two potential Kebeles from the districts and participant farmers were selected based on their interest and availability of adjacent farm plots with a minimum 0.25 ha per head. Thus, 15 clusters were formed, 241 farmers (Male 201 and female 40) directly participated in these demonstrations, and 132 ha of land was covered by improved teff technologies. Before implementing the pre-scaling up activity in all selected areas, capacity building was carried out for stakeholders. Among the participants, training was provided to 342 farmers, 46 DAs, and 27 Experts who worked in both zones and Ambo town. Three improved teff varieties (Dagim, Quncho and Boset), those preferred and selected by farmers during PED were used with their full recommended practices. As a result, in every clustered district, the yields from those varieties outperformed the local variety of an identical crop. The Dagim variety yielded an average of 2.2 tons/ha from the cluster, Quncho 1.9 tons/ha, and Boset 2.25 tons/ha respectively. These yields exceeded the Zone's yield advantage of 2.128 tons/ha, higher above the average for the region (1.34 tons/ha) and the country (1.914 tons/ha) respectively based on CSA data of 2021. In order to fulfill the intended goal of providing the variety to a sufficient number of farmers and enhancing the productivity and output of the commodity in other places, it is imperative that the relationships between actors and important prospective stakeholders be strengthened.
Abstract: The study was designed to promote and disseminate improved teff varieties both in West Shewa and South west Shewa Zones six districts and Ambo town, Oromia region Ethiopia during 2020 – 2022 cropping season. The selection of Districts, kebeles and host farmers were done together with districts Agriculture Office and the extension team. Potential Ke...
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Research Article
Establishment of a Microfluidic Chip Based Rapid Detection Method for Wasmannia auropunctata
Wang Jiaying,
Liu Li,
Wang Yuanjing,
Cui Junxia*
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 1, February 2024
Pages:
12-23
Received:
22 January 2024
Accepted:
4 February 2024
Published:
21 February 2024
Abstract: Invasive alien ants are one of the most aggressive, competitive, and widespread invasive alien species around the world. Wasmannia auropunctata, native to the neotropical zoogeographic area, has been inadvertently introduced all over the world. The first disclosed record of field establishment of W. auropunctata in Chinese mainland was reported in 2022. In this paper, we aim to establish a rapid detection method targeting the W. auropunctata polymorphic microsatellite locus Waur-275, based on the microfluidic chip technology, to contribute to an active response to the crisis caused by this invasive pest. Eight primer sets were generated using the PrimerExplorer v5 online service, and the fifth primer set selected had the lowest Ct in the volume ratio of 8 (FIP/BIP:F3/B3). Method validity with six W. auropunctata samples confirmed the efficiency of this assay. High specificity was demonstrated by the positive result for W. auropunctata out of 6 related insect samples tested. Sensitivity analysis showed that this microfluidic chip method could achieve the detection limit of 1.00×101 copies/μL. A rapid screening method is essential for the whole process of interception and control of W. auropunctata in China. It can also help determine the origin of invasion, clarify the path of introduction to ensure biosecurity, and also uncover other possible undetected establishments in the wild.
Abstract: Invasive alien ants are one of the most aggressive, competitive, and widespread invasive alien species around the world. Wasmannia auropunctata, native to the neotropical zoogeographic area, has been inadvertently introduced all over the world. The first disclosed record of field establishment of W. auropunctata in Chinese mainland was reported in ...
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