Research Article
Procedure for Applying Predictive Analysis in the Development of Generic Drugs
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, June 2026
Pages:
1-14
Received:
17 November 2025
Accepted:
3 December 2025
Published:
10 March 2026
Abstract: The Pharmaceutical Industry faces the challenge of reducing the development time of new products, especially generic drugs. Predictive analytics is a category of analyzing historical data to make predictions about future outcomes based on statistical and machine learning techniques. The objective of this work is to design a procedure to incorporate predictive analysis in decision making during the development of generic medicines supported by scientific and economic arguments. The study was divided into two phases. Phase 1 will characterize the development value chain of generic medicines using the weighted SWOT Matrix to determine its status and the Delphi method to evaluate agreement between experts. Phase 2 detailed analysis of the techniques and tools to be used in the design of the procedure. The SWOT matrix showed that the chain has weaknesses in that the culture and knowledge of this work tool is not developed, but its strength is that it has a culture of good practices and quality management, as well as an adequate infrastructure. to make effective use of information technology. The procedure has 5 stages where the actions, resources, risk analysis and indicators to evaluate the impact are collected. The designed procedure contributes to streamlining decisions, improving quality, reducing costs and accelerating time to market, offering a significant competitive advantage.
Abstract: The Pharmaceutical Industry faces the challenge of reducing the development time of new products, especially generic drugs. Predictive analytics is a category of analyzing historical data to make predictions about future outcomes based on statistical and machine learning techniques. The objective of this work is to design a procedure to incorporate...
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Research Article
Knowledge and Perception of AMR and AMS Among Undergraduate Health Students at UDUS, Nigeria
Abdulgafar Onikoko Ahmad*
,
Fajimi Remi Sefiu,
Victoria Ogoke,
Abdullahi Abubakar,
Amina Firdaus Muhammed,
Busairi Zaitun Iyunola,
Amusa Abel Lomoh,
Rufa’i Khadijah,
Asma’u Abbas,
Hassan Hammed Olarewaju,
Adewale Funso Elizabeth,
Agbo Victoria Ehi,
Ja’afar Zainab,
Muhammad Hamidatullah,
Onawola Abdulmuizz Oyinlola
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, June 2026
Pages:
15-24
Received:
1 February 2026
Accepted:
12 March 2026
Published:
28 April 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.pst.20261001.12
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global public health threat driven largely by inappropriate antimicrobial use and inadequate stewardship. Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) promotes optimal antimicrobial prescribing to limit resistance. As future prescribers and healthcare providers, undergraduate health students play a critical role in AMR containment; however, evidence regarding their preparedness in Nigeria remains limited. Objective: To assess the knowledge and perceptions of AMR and AMS among final-year undergraduate students in selected health-related faculties at Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto (UDUS), Nigeria. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between September and November 2025 among final-year students in Medicine (MBBS), Pharmacy, Nursing Science, Medical Laboratory Science (MLS), and Veterinary Medicine. Using proportionate stratified random sampling, 235 students were recruited from 431 eligible students. Data were collected using a structured, self-administered questionnaire adapted from validated instruments. AMR and AMS knowledge were each scored out of 7 and categorized as poor (0–3), average (4–5), or good (6–7). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 with descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Overall, 84.7% of respondents demonstrated good knowledge of AMR, while 78.3% demonstrated good knowledge of AMS. Knowledge differed significantly by course of study for both AMR (χ² = 46.33, p < 0.001) and AMS (χ² = 28.70, p < 0.001), with MBBS and Pharmacy students outperforming Nursing students. Despite high levels of knowledge, important misconceptions persisted, including a misunderstanding of resistance mechanisms and support for non-prescription access to antibiotics (57.9%). A majority reported limited formal AMS training within the curriculum (70.6%), yet over 90% expressed a desire for more education on AMR and AMS. Conclusion: Although final-year health students demonstrated satisfactory baseline knowledge of AMR and AMS, significant conceptual gaps and permissive attitudes toward inappropriate antibiotic use remain. Strengthening structured, interprofessional AMS education within undergraduate curricula is urgently needed to prepare future healthcare professionals for effective antimicrobial stewardship in Nigeria.
Abstract: Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global public health threat driven largely by inappropriate antimicrobial use and inadequate stewardship. Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) promotes optimal antimicrobial prescribing to limit resistance. As future prescribers and healthcare providers, undergraduate health students play a critical ...
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