-
Epidemiological, Clinical, Paraclinical and Evolutionary Aspects of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in 22 HIV-Infected Patients Followed at the Fann Outpatient Treatment Center
Ngom Ndeye Fatou,
Ndiaye Kine,
Lawson AT Dela-dem,
Faye Mame Awa,
Faye Fulgence Abdou,
Doutchi Mahamadou,
Mboup Ahmadou,
Diaw Abibatou,
Gaye Assietou,
Ndiaye Alassane,
Gueye Mamadou,
Ba Awa,
Ka Ousseynou
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
1-5
Received:
6 January 2022
Accepted:
4 February 2022
Published:
16 February 2022
Abstract: Introduction: Appearig at the end of 2019, an acute respiratory disease caused by a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) quickly spread from China to all parts of the world. Cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, respiratory tract diseases, and cancer, among others, are poor predictive factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, it is not yet well established to date that the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) increases mortality from COVID-19. We decided to describe aspectsof COVID-19 in HIV infected patients, followed up at the Outpatient Treatment Centre (CTA) in Dakar-Fann. Methodology: This was a retrospective descriptive and analytical study of PLHIV over 15 years of age followed at the Outpatient Treatment Centre in Fann in whom the diagnosis of COVID-19 was made between July 2020 and September March 2021 by the polymerase chain reaction method in time real (RT-PCR). Results: A total of 22 PLWHA had COVID-19 with a predominance of women (15/22 or 68%). The median age was 47 years (33-85). The majority (91%) were infected with HIV-1. The mean last LTCD4 count in patients before COVID-19 diagnosis was 582 cells/mm3 [51-1415]. The last viral load before SARS-CoV2 infection was undetectable in 19 patients or 86%. One patient was in virological rebound with 353.158copies/ml. Two had no available viral load, one was profile 2 (HIV-2) and one double profile (HIV1+2). One among the patients was an active smoker. Comorbidities were found in 14 patients (64%) dominated by hypertension (7/14) and obesity/overweight (6/14). One case of hepatic cytolysis due to auto-immune disease was noted. The most frequent symptoms were headache, severe asthenia, fever, anosmia, breath shortness and cough. Anti-COVID-19 therapy was initiated following to the national protocol in addition to ART (8 on ATRIPLA, 4 TLD and 2 on ATZ/r and LPV/r). Half of the patients were treated in hospital (11/22, i.e., 50%), including one in intensive care, namely the one with a virological rebound. The case lethality rate was 9% (02/22). The two deaths involved patients over 65 years of age who did not receive any vaccine, one of whom suffered from an auto-immune disease with poor treatment observance. Conclusion: Most patients were virologically controlled with a good LTCD4 level > 582 cells/mm3. The comorbidities found were identical to those already described, proving once again that HIV is probably not a separate factor. However, good monitoring of co-morbidities, support for therapeutic compliance and vaccination should enable effective control of this pandemic in HIV patients.
Abstract: Introduction: Appearig at the end of 2019, an acute respiratory disease caused by a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) quickly spread from China to all parts of the world. Cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, respiratory tract diseases, and cancer, among others, are poor predictive factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, it is not yet well ...
Show More
-
Surveillance of Road Accidents in Bouake, Ivory Coast, 2018: Hospital Prevalence and Seriousness Factors
Gnissan Henri Auguste Yao,
Lepri Bernadin Nicaise Aka,
Damus Paquin Kouassi,
M’Begnan Coulibaly,
Alfred Douba,
Armelle Claverie Tanoa Koffi,
Opri Irika,
Arsene Deby Kouame,
Ismael Arnaud Ouattara,
Mouanta Stephanie Maryse Laurel Tanoh,
Sory Ibrahim Soumahoro,
Jean Marie Ouaga,
Bangaman Christian Akani,
Mahamadoun Sangho
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
6-13
Received:
8 January 2022
Accepted:
26 January 2022
Published:
16 February 2022
Abstract: Our study aims to determine the factors associated with the severity of road accidents in Bouake. We carried out a cross-sectional and analytical study, using road accident surveillance data, from January 1 to December 31, 2018. The prevalence of accidents was 44.38/10,000 inhabitants. The victims were between 15-34 years old (57.8%), male (77.3%), pupils and students (16.1%), pedestrians (20.57%). The motorbike was the main means of transport for the victims (69.21%). The accidents involved two motorcycles (25.8%), a motorcycle and a car (23.84%), a motorcycle and a pedestrian (18.55%). About half (48.92%) of the accidents occurred in 4 neighborhoods. The peaks of accidents were observed in April-May (16.54%) and December-January (20.78%); Thursdays (16.33%), Saturdays (16.89%) and Sundays (15.01%); and between 12 p.m.-12 a.m. The victims were machine operators (49.13%), passengers (29.40%), or pedestrians (20.57%). Emergency evacuations were done by ambulance (47.53%), and within the first 3 hours (96.21%). Fractures and head trauma were observed in 26.27% of the victims. The lesions were on the limbs (64.07%). Factors associated with the severity of the accidents during the accident (0.000); time of accident. There is a linear relationship between the time and the severity of the accident; the type of means of transport used: personal motorcycles (P=0.000), motorcycle taxis (P=0.000). Conclusion: Knowledge of the associated factors could contribute to reducing the prevalence of this new epidemic.
Abstract: Our study aims to determine the factors associated with the severity of road accidents in Bouake. We carried out a cross-sectional and analytical study, using road accident surveillance data, from January 1 to December 31, 2018. The prevalence of accidents was 44.38/10,000 inhabitants. The victims were between 15-34 years old (57.8%), male (77.3%),...
Show More
-
Child Maltreatment in Lebanon: Prevalence, Screening and Upgrade of ESCAPE
Jules Joel Bakhos,
Ghassan Sleilaty,
Bernard Gerbaka,
Carole Nehme,
Rouba Hamzeh,
Charles Chammas,
Walid Kheireddine,
Gerard Elie Bakhos,
Elie Saliba
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
14-21
Received:
25 January 2021
Accepted:
2 February 2021
Published:
25 February 2022
Abstract: Child maltreatment is a violation of human rights and includes all forms of abuse against children under 18 years of age. It is the second cause of death in children after accidental trauma and remains an active problem worldwide. In Lebanon, little work is being done nationwide to provide and explain the available screening and reporting tools for child maltreatment. In this study, we assess the diagnostic accuracy of the ESCAPE instrument and its modified version (including one additional question “Did parents/caregivers take adequate measures?”) in screening child maltreatment in emergency departments, and calculate the prevalence of child abuse in Lebanon. The present diagnostic accuracy study is performed over 16 months using a convenience sampling on children under the age of 18 who presented to Lebanese emergency departments. Confirmation of maltreatment by the child protection team was considered as the cornerstone to diagnosis. Screening performance characteristics of ESCAPE and ESCAPE-modified were calculated using GPower v3.1 and SPSS v22 soft wares. 411 children with the mean age of 5.7 years were screened (38% girls). 47 children were suspected victims of child abuse (11.4%). 13 children (3.2%) were confirmed victims of child maltreatment. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of this test, with 95% confidence intervals, were 100% (82.7 – 100), 91.5% (88.4 – 93.9), 27.7% (16.5 – 41.5), and 100% (99.3 – 100) respectively. The additional question added to ESCAPE did not alter the diagnostic performance of the test but was superior in terms of positive predictive value without losing in terms of negative predictive value. In this study, ESCAPE was proven to be an appropriate screening instrument for identifying children at high risk of child abuse, with excellent accuracy. The additional question of “Did parents/caregivers take adequate measures?” represents a simpler tool with a higher positive predictive value, to be used after a positive ESCAPE screening to help confirm or reject the diagnosis of child maltreatment in case of doubt.
Abstract: Child maltreatment is a violation of human rights and includes all forms of abuse against children under 18 years of age. It is the second cause of death in children after accidental trauma and remains an active problem worldwide. In Lebanon, little work is being done nationwide to provide and explain the available screening and reporting tools for...
Show More
-
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) Related to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a Village in Southern China: A Cross-sectional Survey
Guomin Yang,
Yanling Yao,
Na Li
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
22-29
Received:
1 March 2022
Accepted:
16 March 2022
Published:
23 March 2022
Abstract: Since December 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has quickly swept across the country, followed by a global pandemic. The whole 228 rural residents from a village in southern China were selected as the participants, and a self-administered questionnaire was used to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) related to COVID-19. The news media from television/websites (92.98%) and radio from the village (75%) were the main source of information about COVID-19. More than 80% of respondents correctly identified the causative agent, incubation period, transmission route and typical symptoms of COVID-19. Almost all the respondents supported the government’s current prevention and control strategy and were confident of controlling COVID-19. Nearly 90% of respondents had worn masks in public and washed their hands frequently. Eight respondents (3.51%) were in a state of anxiety, with a mean self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) score of 52.63±2.00. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that middle school education (compared with primary school and the illiterate group), students (compared with farmers and other occupations) and SAS score were independent factors associated with the key practices of wearing masks in public, washing hands frequently and avoiding going to crowded areas (odds ratio (OR)=3.410, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.472–7.901; OR=1.502, 95% CI=1.203–3.351; OR=0.919, 95% CI=0.869–0.972, respectively). The KAP toward COVID-19 among rural residents in a village in southern China was optimistic and without public anxiety, which provided certain reference value for further targeted prevention and control measures.
Abstract: Since December 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has quickly swept across the country, followed by a global pandemic. The whole 228 rural residents from a village in southern China were selected as the participants, and a self-administered questionnaire was used to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) related to COVID-19. The...
Show More
-
Infection Prevention and Control: Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Community Members on Standard Protocols During COVID-19 Pandemic in Ikeja, Nigeria
Oluwaseun Damilola Fasanmi,
Ebenezer Obi Daniel,
Ahmed Mamuda Bello,
Paul Olaiya Abiodun,
Michael Avwerhota,
Israel Olukayode Popoola,
Christiana Asibi Ogben,
Michael Olabode Tomori,
Essien Grace Clement,
Adebanke Adetutu Ogun,
Friday Iyobosa Igbinovia,
Sarah Obianuju Ukemenam,
Azeezat Abimbola Oyewande,
Oluwole Victor Oluwalomola
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
30-38
Received:
6 January 2022
Accepted:
17 February 2022
Published:
31 March 2022
Abstract: The novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), was first identified in Wuhan China in December 2019 and has rapidly spread to almost every region of the world. Also known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), COVID-19 causes significant morbidity and mortality. The infection has no immediate treatment and vaccine, World Health Organization (WHO) declared it a public health emergency of international concern on January 30, 2020, and further went on to declare it a worldwide pandemic on the 22nd of March 2020. The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is associated with increased morbidity and mortality globally. Human behaviour and knowledge assessment during the crisis are vital to containing the outbreak. Therefore, the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning infection prevention and control measures among community members is very important during this COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this research will evaluate the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the infection prevention and control measures among community members in Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria. This study is a descriptive cross-sectional web-based survey. The study population comprised of community members who reside in Ikeja, Lagos state. Ikeja is the state capital and administrative centre of Lagos State in southwestern Nigeria. Participants are aged 18 years and above who would understand the content of the study and agree to participate in the study and those who are community members of Ikeja, Lagos state. The findings of this study suggest that community members in Ikeja, Lagos did not demonstrate good knowledge nor positive attitudes towards COVID-19, however, they demonstrated good safety practices regarding COVID-19. Also, the poor attitude was more prevalent among the older adolescent and youth and this can pose a serious risk to other members of the community.
Abstract: The novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), was first identified in Wuhan China in December 2019 and has rapidly spread to almost every region of the world. Also known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), COVID-19 causes significant morbidity and mortality. The infection has no immediate treatment and vaccine, World H...
Show More
