-
Understanding Component Structures to Support Quality Primary Health Care Using Factor Analysis in O. R. Tambo District Municipality, South Africa
Nombulelo Chitha,
Wezile Chita,
John Sungwacha Nasila,
Zukiswa Jafta,
Buyiswa Swartbooi,
Siyabonga Sibulawa,
Onke Mnyaka,
Natasha Williams,
Benjamin Ben-I-Sasa Longo-Mbenza
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
67-80
Received:
23 May 2021
Accepted:
4 June 2021
Published:
4 August 2021
Abstract: This publication intends to provide a step-by-step description of the application of factor analysis performed at the two levels and interpretation of the results based on information seeking behaviour of medical professionals of five selected hospitals in O. R. Tambo District municipality in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The data for analysis was collected on different variables using a closed-ended likert scale questionnaire. This study was a cross-sectional, comparative, and correlational survey conducted between January and April 2017, in the Mthatha Hospital Complex, O. R. Tambo District Municipality. The clustering of indicators for extraction of factors was well-defined owing to high loadings across all questions. The analysis was executed on a split data approach. The data were split by gender. The analysis was performed on the separate derived data sets. Descriptive analyses, correlations and component factor analyses were performed. The data consisted of 96.3% South African participants and 3.7% Non-South African. In addition, the sample was composed of 17.5% Males and 82.5% females; 13.8% medical doctors and 86.2% professional nurses. The percentage age distribution was: <=30.00 (21.9%), 31.00 - 37.00 (20.5%), 38.00 - 44.00 (18.5%), 45.00 - 54.00 (19.2%) and 55.00+ (19.9%). The percentage hospital participation distribution was: Holly Cross Hospital (13.9%), Dr Malizo Mpehle Hospital (28.5%), St Barnabas Hospital (21.8%), Zithulele Hospital (18.8%) and St Elizabeth Hospital (17.0%). Use of materials sources available within the hospital as sources of information; Improvement of patient care through collaborative consultations. Use of information acquired through workshops, seminars and journals to improve the participants’ knowledge; Use of internet and hospital facilities as sources of information; Use of reference materials and the medical need dictates the source of information required; Causes of limited availability sources of information; Use of printed material and colleagues to access information. Under the females’ data, the following factors were extracted: Using both external as well as internal sources to solicit information; Lack of: a physical library, limited online access, slow internet and poor online searching skills contribute to non-availability of important medical information; Lack of awareness of sources of information, time taken to access information, non-existent of sources of information; The factor analysis has shown that whereas there were more females than males according to the split data, more factors were established for males than were for females.
Abstract: This publication intends to provide a step-by-step description of the application of factor analysis performed at the two levels and interpretation of the results based on information seeking behaviour of medical professionals of five selected hospitals in O. R. Tambo District municipality in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The data for ...
Show More
-
Assessment of Healthcare Providers Compliance with Standard of MDR TB Care and Treatment Outcome
Laura Madukaji,
Ebenezer Obi Daniel,
Francis Ejeh,
Adewole Olanisun Olufemi,
Ahmed Mamuda Bello,
Paul Olaiya Abiodun,
Israel Olukayode Popoola,
Kabir Yunusa Amar,
Christiana Asibi Ogben,
Michael Oladapo Olagbegi,
Gabriel Omoniyi Ayeni,
Olayinka Victor Ojo,
John Danjuma Mawak
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
81-88
Received:
19 July 2021
Accepted:
28 July 2021
Published:
4 August 2021
Abstract: The acquisition of MDR-TB results mainly from health system/service and patient-related factors. Previous studies showed that factors that affect health outcome can be human (patient, healthcare provider) and health system related. Poor quality of care provided to TB patients affects treatment outcome which could trigger development and spread of multidrug resistant TB. This study was conducted to assess treatment outcome of Multidrug resistant clients in Drug Resistant TB treatment centers in North Central Nigeria and assess also compliance of healthcare provider with the standard of MDR TB care and services they render. Data of 300 MDR TB clients were retrospectively collected after a review of the register and drug charts. Twenty-seven (27) participants were selected at random from the 3 states TB program and 18 health facility staff were also selected to answer questions related to compliance of facility and healthcare providers with MDR TB care/services. Response with scores zero (0) and 50% were seen as areas where compliance with the standard was lacking. Identification, training, supervision, and compensation for community treatment supporters, infection control, Socioeconomic and psychological support (including incentives, enablers), expert committee to routinely provide clinical/programmatic consultation prompt treatment initiation, use of electronic drug management system, support groups, adherence to standard operating procedures at facilities. The treatment outcome documented in the study were cured (61.7%), completed treatment (7.3%), still on treatment (17.7%), defaulted (1.3%), failed treatment (0.7%), Pre-XDR TB (4.7%), lost to follow up (1.3%), transferred out (0.7%) and died (9.7%). The study disclosed the treatment outcome of MDR TB clients and areas that compliance with standard is lacking. There is need for TB programmers to periodically assess their services and clients for continuous improvement of the program.
Abstract: The acquisition of MDR-TB results mainly from health system/service and patient-related factors. Previous studies showed that factors that affect health outcome can be human (patient, healthcare provider) and health system related. Poor quality of care provided to TB patients affects treatment outcome which could trigger development and spread of m...
Show More
-
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Populations Towards Barrier and Preventive Measures Against COVID-19 in Two Cities in Cameroon
Cécile Ingrid Djuikoue,
Elodie Ngazoue,
Gildas Tazemda,
Rodrigue Kamga Wouambo,
Agbor Michael Ashu,
Mariella Leumi,
Esemu Livo,
Héritier Malengele Mawalala,
Yvonne Valérie Yolande Voumbo Matoumona Mavoungou,
Aliocha Natuhoyila Nkodila,
Eugène Ndebia,
Nombulelo Chitha,
Wezile Chita,
John Sungwacha Nasila,
Omer Tchikamgoua Njajou,
Venant Tchokonte-Nana,
Benjamin Longo-Mbenza,
Charles Awono Onana
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
89-98
Received:
25 May 2021
Accepted:
7 June 2021
Published:
5 August 2021
Abstract: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since the first reported case in sub Saharan Africa, countries have struggled to respond to the pandemic despite all the barrier measures and preventions strategies put in place; amongst them, Cameroon is characterized by a large amount of contamination and an increase in death rates. The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAPs) of the Cameroonian population on barrier and preventive measures against COVID-19; the first undertaken in the cities of Douala and Bangangté since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 777 residents in the Littoral (Douala) and in the West (Banganté) regions of Cameroon from a structured, pre-tested and self-administered questionnaire (according to WHO guidelines). Data were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 18.0 software. For p=0.05, the difference was statistically significant. Out of 777 participants, 67.7% (n=526) were from Douala and 32.3% (n=251) from Bangangté. Seventy percent (70%) of our participants were aware of the main preventive measures against COVID-19 taken by the Cameroonian government. The most used preventive method was the practice of hand hygiene (88.9%); followed by social distancing (87.2%), respiratory hygiene (75.8%), and self-confinement (85.3%). The majority of our participants had a positive attitude towards hand hygiene (81.6%) and wearing a face mask (84.7%). About 52.9% wore a face mask occasionally, 66.67% always washed their hands, 53.1% always used a hand sanitizer to disinfect their hands and 65,4% regularly self-confined themselves homes. Improving behaviors / attitudes and practices remain a major challenge for our populations. It is important to integrate the community in decision-making and increase awareness among our populations. Further studies are required to assess the impact of strategies undertaken by the decision makers, to roll out the COVID-19 pandemic in Cameroon.
Abstract: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since the first reported case in sub Saharan Africa, countries have struggled to respond to the pandemic despite all the barrier measures and preventions strategies put in place; amongst them, Cameroon is character...
Show More
-
Experience of Pregnant Mothers on Preconception Care Among Antenatal Care Attendants in Sendafa Town Public Health Facilities, Ethiopia, 2020
Ketema Gurmu,
Wassie Negash,
Zalalem Kaba,
Robert Wondimu
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
99-109
Received:
23 June 2021
Accepted:
21 July 2021
Published:
9 August 2021
Abstract: Preconception care is the provision of biomedical, behavioral, and social health interventions to women and couples before conception occurs. Today, there is already a global consensus to incorporate preconception care as one of the continuum of reproductive health services which could decrease 71% of unwanted pregnancies, thereby eliminating 22 million unplanned births, 25 million induced abortions, and 7 million miscarriages. It was assessed the experience of preconception care and associated factors among pregnant Women attending Antenatal care at public health facilities in Sendafa town, Ethiopia from January 01-February 30, 2020. A cross-sectional study design was employed among 617 pregnant women attending antenatal care in public healthcare facilities. A systematic random sampling technique was employed. Interviewer administered structured questionnaire was used. The data were analyzed by using SPSS version 20 and P<0.05 at 95% confidence interval was taken as a statistically significant association. The majority (525, 88.7%) of the women had poor knowledge and only 67 (11.3%) had good knowledge of preconception care services. Pregnant women who had partner support on preconception care service, previous history of abortion, and women diagnosed with anemia were significantly associated with the experience of preconception care services. An experience of pregnant mothers on preconception care services was low and the study found that the knowledge level of study participants on preconception care services was very poor. Health education should be given for all women in the reproductive age group on preconception care services and male involvement should be encouraged for the provision of partner support.
Abstract: Preconception care is the provision of biomedical, behavioral, and social health interventions to women and couples before conception occurs. Today, there is already a global consensus to incorporate preconception care as one of the continuum of reproductive health services which could decrease 71% of unwanted pregnancies, thereby eliminating 22 mi...
Show More
-
Factors Associated with the Use of Intermittent Preventive Treatment (IPTp) by Women During Pregnancy in Burkina Faso
Aristide Romaric Bado,
Hermann Badolo,
Mwinonè Hervé Hien,
Ibrahim Lougué,
Sathiyasusuman Appunni,
Nicolas Méda
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
110-120
Received:
9 July 2021
Accepted:
4 August 2021
Published:
12 August 2021
Abstract: Introduction: Malaria infection during pregnancy is more pronounced in endemic areas of sub-Saharan Africa and is a major risk factor for maternal and child morbidity and mortality. Intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) is presented as an effective way of combating malaria. This study aims to identify the different factors that may influence the use of IPTp by pregnant women in Burkina Faso. Methods: The data used in this study were derived from two rounds of the Malaria Indicator Surveys (MISs) conducted in Burkina Faso in 2014 and 2017. The sample for this study consisted of women aged 15–49 years who had had a live birth in the two years prior to the survey and who might or might not have received IPTp doses. Data analysis was performed using the Stata 15 software. Bivariate analysis and a logistic regression model were used to determine the associated factors. Results: The study results show that 56% and 63% of pregnant women had received at least three or more doses of IPTp during pregnancy in 2014 and 2017, respectively. For the 2014 survey, religion, education level, household standard of living, region of residence and type of caregiver were the significant factors associated with receiving three or more doses of IPTp, while those in the 2017 survey were household standard of living, region of residence and access to malaria information. Conclusion: Plausible interventions to increase the reception of at least three doses of IPTp during pregnancy by explaining the benefits of SP could help to effectively control malaria in women and thus increase foetal and infant survival at birth.
Abstract: Introduction: Malaria infection during pregnancy is more pronounced in endemic areas of sub-Saharan Africa and is a major risk factor for maternal and child morbidity and mortality. Intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) is presented as an effective way of combating malaria. This study aims to identify the different factors that may ...
Show More
-
Crisis Prevention and Control Management of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Yaxin Hou,
Lian Zhang,
Mengmeng Guo,
Huifei Wang
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
121-127
Received:
11 July 2021
Accepted:
3 August 2021
Published:
23 August 2021
Abstract: It is crucial that prevention and control of the COVID-19 global pandemic is summarized ahead of the next pandemic presumably, under the current severe pandemic situation. Foreign experience in COVID-19 crisis prevention and control management is introduced, and the main prevention and control strategies include isolation, mitigation, and inhibition. In addition, the experience gained from China's prevention and control of COVID-19 is summarized in terms of the whole national system, efficient joint prevention and control mechanism, cadre accountability system, simultaneous medical and non-medical measures, and timely, transparent and open Information. The enlightenment of epidemic crisis prevention and control management in the future is also discussed. (1) It is of great importance to mobilize the whole people to improve public health literacy and establish awareness of prevention and control. (2) Establishing public health crisis prevention and control platform and improving monitoring and early warning mechanism of public health crisis are emphasized, timely detection of the epidemic and doing a good job in early response. (3) Carrying out detection and monitoring, and implementing prevention and control measures are essential to establish a strict disease prevention and control system, such as overseas importation, safety protection, daily prevention and control of high-risk places. (4) It is essential to establish a strong command and support system, joint multi-department cooperation, strengthen international cooperation, formulate emergency plans, and do well in normalized and accurate prevention and control. The research described in the paper aims to provide reference for the prevention and control management of the COVID-19 global pandemic crisis.
Abstract: It is crucial that prevention and control of the COVID-19 global pandemic is summarized ahead of the next pandemic presumably, under the current severe pandemic situation. Foreign experience in COVID-19 crisis prevention and control management is introduced, and the main prevention and control strategies include isolation, mitigation, and inhibitio...
Show More
