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Prevalence of Anemia and Associated Factor Among Pregnant Women Attending Ante Natal Care in Arba Minch Public Health Institutions, South Ethiopia
Bekele Gutema Waye,
Abenet Menene Gurara,
Kaleab Sebsibe Awoke
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
76-83
Received:
26 August 2020
Accepted:
10 September 2020
Published:
30 October 2020
Abstract: Anemia is a global public health problem affecting both developing and developed countries with major consequences for human health as well as social and economic development. It occurs at all stages of the life cycle, but is more prevalent in pregnant women. The highest prevalence of anemia among pregnant women in the developing world is due to its multi-factorial causes. Anemia leads to complication that will affect both the mother and the growing fetus. Objectives of the study was to determine the prevalence of anemia and associated factor among pregnant women that attends antenatal care at Arba Minch public health institutions, 2019. Institutional based cross sectional study was conducted on 374 pregnant women attending ANC at Arba Minch public health institutions. Systematic random sampling was used to recruit pregnant women. Semi-structured questionnaire used for assessment of socio-demographic and socioeconomic factor. Venous blood was collected from pregnant women and Hemoglobin was estimated using CBC machine analyzer. Blood film for Hemoparasite as well as morphological types of anemia was assessed. Stool sample was taken for examination of intestinal parasites by using wet mount direct microscopy and formol ether concentration. Binary logistic regressions were done to determine association of variables by using SPSS version 21. Results of the study shows that, the prevalence of anemia was found to be 28.8% among pregnant women. Mild, moderate and severe anemia was 75.7%, 23.3% and 1% among anemic women respectively. Multivariate logistic regressions shows, monthly income [AOR=3.37, 95%: 9.35-10.09, P< 0.000], fruit consumption [AOR=6.9, 95%: 1.36-4.9, P<0.000], blood loss [AOR=3.66, 95%CI: 1.56-8.7, P<0.000] and being infected with malaria [AOR=6.10, 95%CI: 2.25-16.43, P<0.000] were independently associated with anemia. Morphologically, 75.5% of anemic pregnant women had Normocytic Normochromic, 23.3% had Microcytic hypochromic, and only 1% had Macrocytic normochromic. It is concluded that, the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women was moderate public health significances which is independently associated with low monthly income, habit of fruit consumption, blood loss and being infected with malaria parasites. It is recommended that creating awareness of the pregnant women on feeding iron rich foods like fruit, liver, poultry, cereals and green vegetables and giving health education on how to prevent malaria.
Abstract: Anemia is a global public health problem affecting both developing and developed countries with major consequences for human health as well as social and economic development. It occurs at all stages of the life cycle, but is more prevalent in pregnant women. The highest prevalence of anemia among pregnant women in the developing world is due to it...
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An Assessment of the Level of Knowledge and Compliance with Infection Prevention and Control Standards Among Nurses in the Northern Regional Hospital
Shamsu-Deen Ziblim,
Sufyan Bakuri Suara,
Mohammed Mutaru Tahiru
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
84-88
Received:
18 October 2020
Accepted:
30 October 2020
Published:
9 November 2020
Abstract: Background: Nosocomial infections are associated with a high risk of morbidity and mortality among hospitalized clients. They also predispose health care workers to an increased risk of infections. However, information on knowledge of infection prevention and control is scarce in Northern Ghana. Therefore, the objective of the study was to assess the knowledge and compliance of infection prevention and control practices among nurses at the Northern Regional Hospital Tamale, Ghana. Methods: The study was cross-sectional in design. Also, the data were gathered from randomly selected 268 nurses. In collecting the data, self-administered questionnaires were used. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS V. 21. Results: From the results, the majority (60.5%) of the respondents had high IPC knowledge, 25.8% had moderate IPC knowledge level, and only 13.8% had low IPC knowledge level. The findings on IPC compliance showed that the majority (77.6%) of the respondents had a low IPC compliance level, 19.8% had a moderate IPC compliance level, and only 2.6% had a high IPC compliance level. Conclusion: In conclusion, most of the respondents had good knowledge of the IPC guidelines in the hospital. The present results may be useful in the formulation of policies for improved infection prevention at health facilities. We recommend that hospital authorities should intensify compliance with IPC guidelines.
Abstract: Background: Nosocomial infections are associated with a high risk of morbidity and mortality among hospitalized clients. They also predispose health care workers to an increased risk of infections. However, information on knowledge of infection prevention and control is scarce in Northern Ghana. Therefore, the objective of the study was to assess t...
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A Technique of Modeling in Public Health Research and Development
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
89-98
Received:
17 June 2020
Accepted:
8 August 2020
Published:
27 November 2020
Abstract: Before quasi-experimental in public health research and development (R&D) modeling is step 2 of the main steps of doing R&D in public health include Step 1: Studying Situations, Problems, and Needs, Step 2: Creating and Auditing Innovation, Step 3: Experimenting and Studying Results of using Innovation, and Step 4: Assessing and Improving Innovation. Researchers apply to model to create and invent innovation/ product (the machine, program, procedure) for solving in health and objective to present a technique of modeling R&D in public health which the technique of modeling are conductor: 1) create or develop forms (a. study of relevant documents and research, b. study from real context, and c. formatting); 2) verification of model accuracy (a. model testing with assessments under with specified standards assessments, b. pattern testing with assessment by the qualified person, c. format testing by surveying opinions of relevant personnel, and d. format testing by testing the format) which used for modeling a semantic model and a causal model.
Abstract: Before quasi-experimental in public health research and development (R&D) modeling is step 2 of the main steps of doing R&D in public health include Step 1: Studying Situations, Problems, and Needs, Step 2: Creating and Auditing Innovation, Step 3: Experimenting and Studying Results of using Innovation, and Step 4: Assessing and Improving Innovatio...
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Casteism Among Indian Doctors: A Critical Review
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
99-104
Received:
17 November 2020
Accepted:
3 December 2020
Published:
8 December 2020
Abstract: In India, caste-based differentiation is directly related to the socio-economic and socio-cultural status of an individual. In the past studies have shown that people's health outcomes are related to their social group and position in the social gradient. India has witnessed the suicide of promising doctors who were alleged to bullying because of their caste. The social evil called casteism is spreading its branches in every level and sector. But the disappointing fact is that no policy or norms or planning or agenda can uproot it. As it is embedded in the subconscious mind of civilians and is carried over generation after generation. The present review tries to point out in detail the presence of casteism among the Indian healthcare system. Moreover, this study also discussed if this caste-based system also discriminates patients from getting the healthcare facility. In this review all the past and present literature were searched extensively and then the finding of all the studies were discussed in a comprehensive manner. The result of the study showed that at present Indian health service system is not at all equipped with the addressing the casteism among doctors and other healthcare sevice providers. An important option could be increasing the number of dalits in the different level of healthcare sector. Weather implication of this option in practical scenario is possible that needs further evaluation. Making policies that ensures the adequate representation of members of excluded communities in healthcare can certainly reduce the cultural discrimination and prejudice.
Abstract: In India, caste-based differentiation is directly related to the socio-economic and socio-cultural status of an individual. In the past studies have shown that people's health outcomes are related to their social group and position in the social gradient. India has witnessed the suicide of promising doctors who were alleged to bullying because of t...
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