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Case Report
BIM-Based Approach to Reduce GHG Emissions in Construction
Faruque Abdullah*,
Nafisa Sultana Safa
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 1, February 2024
Pages:
1-9
Received:
25 November 2023
Accepted:
20 December 2023
Published:
18 January 2024
Abstract: The construction sector is responsible for a substantial portion of the country's total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Several problems, such as global warming, environmental degradation, unpredictable weather patterns, etc., are caused by higher levels of carbon emission, which is a major cause for concern. Massive amounts of greenhouse gases are produced during the construction process due to the manufacturing, transportation, and utilization of materials as well as the high energy demands of the building's construction processes. The emission of these gases is a factor in climate change. In this study, the phases that release the most carbon into the atmosphere were analyzed alongside the sources of carbon dioxide emissions from construction materials. Building Information Modelling (BIM) has been used for several reasons in projects, including 3D visualization, the preparation of project requirements, and so on. In this research, a BIM-based approach has been conducted to model a proposed building. Then a software-based analysis has been used for the evaluation of carbon emission from the materials. The study's outcome satisfies its aim by assessing the carbon emissions of the entire structure, and the roof and walls as the maximum carbon emitting component with 4272.92 tons of CO2 and 152.18 tCO2. The findings of the research indicate a decrease in carbon emissions from the roof and wall by material modifications to C40/50-50% GGBS and Steel-Hollow Sections. Adopting such material modification will enable structures to be constructed successfully and becoming a lower ecological contributor to carbon emissions is achievable.
Abstract: The construction sector is responsible for a substantial portion of the country's total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Several problems, such as global warming, environmental degradation, unpredictable weather patterns, etc., are caused by higher levels of carbon emission, which is a major cause for concern. Massive amounts of greenhouse gases are...
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Research Article
Measures to Improve the Maintenance of University Buildings in Nigeria
Lesanmi Ayokunle*,
Clinton Aigbavboa,
Ngcobo Ntebo,
Douglas Aghimien,
Olubusola Adesominu
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 1, February 2024
Pages:
10-16
Received:
1 December 2023
Accepted:
5 January 2024
Published:
18 January 2024
Abstract: Sustainable measures for effectively maintaining buildings have become essential to sustainable building development with the growing influx of building portfolios worldwide. This is so, considering building maintenance problems have become a global menace. It has been ascertained that improving building maintenance operations for sustainable considerations will benefit university facilities in terms of profitability, user well-being, and increased lifespan. Although studies abound on the maintenance of university buildings in Nigeria, its barriers, and the factors affecting it, very few studies have touched on the solutions to maintenance problems and the measures to improve the maintenance management of these buildings. Therefore, this paper presents the findings from assessing the measures to improve the maintenance of buildings in six selected higher education institutions in the country. The study embraced a quantitative approach, and data were gathered from maintenance managers, supervisors, and technicians working in the Works Departments of the selected public institutions. Data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics such as percentile and factor analysis. Findings revealed that human, materials resources, and policy improvement measures, computerized approach to management, assessment, and feedback mechanism measures, less sabotage and quick response measures, and improved funding, design, and construction measures are the most viable measures to improve building maintenance in these universities.
Abstract: Sustainable measures for effectively maintaining buildings have become essential to sustainable building development with the growing influx of building portfolios worldwide. This is so, considering building maintenance problems have become a global menace. It has been ascertained that improving building maintenance operations for sustainable consi...
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Case Report
Preparing Topographic Map of Wallaga University Around College of Natural Science by Using GIS Software, West Wallaga, Oromia, Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 1, February 2024
Pages:
17-26
Received:
15 December 2023
Accepted:
2 January 2024
Published:
18 January 2024
Abstract: A topographic map serves as a two-dimensional depiction of the three-dimensional terrain. Unlike other maps, topographic maps uniquely capture both the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the landscape. Employing a combination of contour lines, colors, symbols, labels, and various graphical elements, they effectively illustrate the forms and positions of natural and manmade features such as mountains, forests, rivers, lakes, cities, roads, bridges, and more. By utilizing contour lines, a topographic map represents the diverse shapes, elevations, and slopes of the land. These lines connect points at identical heights above sea level, derived from vertical aerial photographs. The proximity of these contour lines indicates the steepness of the terrain, while the consistent height difference between adjacent lines remains uniform across the entire map. For the construction of any infrastructures or facilities in the area, an accurate and updated topographic map should be used in order to maintain the quality and accuracy of any activity using the topographic map. The topographic map was prepared using the different modern surveying instruments and techniques like Total station and GIS particularly in the college of natural science Area of Wallaga University. The Spatial data (Excel point data) of the area was collected using Total station and it was processed using the different software like AutoCAD, Eagle point, and ArcGIS to come up with the new updated and accurate topographic map. The contour map, built-up area, and Green area maps were also prepared in different layers for more information to be used as a reference in the construction of any new infrastructure in the area.
Abstract: A topographic map serves as a two-dimensional depiction of the three-dimensional terrain. Unlike other maps, topographic maps uniquely capture both the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the landscape. Employing a combination of contour lines, colors, symbols, labels, and various graphical elements, they effectively illustrate the forms and posi...
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Research Article
Structural Performance Evaluation of Diversion Weir Structure: Case Study of Basaka Small Scale Irrigation Scheme, Oromia, Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 1, February 2024
Pages:
27-31
Received:
26 December 2023
Accepted:
11 January 2024
Published:
23 January 2024
Abstract: Diversion weir structures are constructed to withdraw a portion of the stream flow to meet the different water demands to the required place and quantity. These structures, though physically seem small pieces of engineering work, the consideration for structural analysis makes their design complex. Primary data included field observations and measurements, while secondary data included design documentation. In the design, the summation of vertical forces (shear resistance) was more than the summation of horizontal forces (Fh) in the dynamic and static case in the Basaka diversion weir. For this reason, the factor of safety against sliding was determined to be 5.9 and 4.3 respectively which is greater than the optional value (i.e.1). In the design, the resisting moment (Mr) is greater than that of the destabilizing moment (Md) in the dynamic and static case in the Basaka diversion weir. For this reason, the factor of safety against overturning was determined to be 2.5 and 2.1 respectively which is greater than the optional value (i.e.2); this indicates that the weir was safe against overturning. Basaka diversion weir was checked for stability against overstressing for dynamic and static conditions on the site at the time of the study is 0.34 and 0.29 respectively; the result indicates that the structure was safe against tension for the selected condition which is greater than the optional value (i.e. B/6) at designed bottom width. Performance evaluation revealed that the designed weir cross-section of Basaka was accommodating peak flood. In general, the constructed weir has no more engineering design problems that cause low performance but with a lack of well scheme administration, the major problems occurred as field observation results indicate.
Abstract: Diversion weir structures are constructed to withdraw a portion of the stream flow to meet the different water demands to the required place and quantity. These structures, though physically seem small pieces of engineering work, the consideration for structural analysis makes their design complex. Primary data included field observations and measu...
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Research Article
Investigate the Effect of Admixtures in Hot Weather Concrete
Michael Girgis Adly,
Goda Ganem
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 1, February 2024
Pages:
32-47
Received:
25 August 2023
Accepted:
20 September 2023
Published:
5 February 2024
Abstract: Concrete Admixture is one ingredient of concrete that is added to the mix before or during mixing to modify the properties of fresh and hardened concrete in order to achieve the desired objectives or purpose of the concrete mixture. It is also used for economic purpose when admixture allows reduction of concrete ingredients proportions or permits saving in construction practices. The current research studied the effect of high temperature on the behavior of fresh and hard concrete is discussed and how to overcome that using some mineral admixtures such as silica fume and lime stone powder. An experimental test program consists of six concrete mixes was planned to achieve the research objectives, also all concrete mixes were tested at both of fresh and hardened state Fresh concrete testes include slump, slump losses, and air content. Hardened concrete tests include 15*15*15cm cubes for compression test at (3, 7 and 28days (, 15*15*70cm beams for flexural test at (28 days (and cylinders with 15cm diameter and 30 cm height at) 28 days), for tensile strength test. It was observed that from the results that: 1. Mix containing 1.5% s.p. &10% s.f gave best compressive strength results. 2. Mix containing 2% s.p. gave the lowest compressive strength results. Under the effect of hot weather.
Abstract: Concrete Admixture is one ingredient of concrete that is added to the mix before or during mixing to modify the properties of fresh and hardened concrete in order to achieve the desired objectives or purpose of the concrete mixture. It is also used for economic purpose when admixture allows reduction of concrete ingredients proportions or permits s...
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