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Patient Dose Assessment During Radiological Examination: Case of the Vakinankaratra and Haute Matsiatra Regions of Madagascar
Vololoniaina Bernardine,
Said Soudjay,
Ramanandraibe Marie Jeanne,
Rabesiranana Naivo,
Ralaivelo Mbolatiana Anjarasoa Luc,
Razakarimanana Tahiry,
Raharimboangy Veroniaina
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 2, June 2021
Pages:
21-26
Received:
6 April 2021
Accepted:
24 April 2021
Published:
30 April 2021
Abstract: The medical use of ionizing radiation is the largest and a growing man-made source of radiation exposure. The aim of this study is to assess the doses received by patients during radiological examinations in order to standardize the examination procedures and optimize the patient dose. Four most frequented hospitals, located in the Vakinankaratra and Haute Matsiatra regions of Madagascar, were investigated. Patients dose undergoing chest posterior-anterior (PA) and lateral (LAT), skull (PA, LAT), lumbar spine (PA, LAT), spine cervical (PA, LAT), abdomen (AP, LAT) and members (AP, PA, LAT) X-ray examinations were involved in this study. Entrance Skin Dose (ESD) was calculated using the X-ray radiation output and the exposure parameters (high voltage, tube loading, focus-patient distance). Thermoluminescent dosimeters were used to measure the X-rays radiation output. Conversion coefficients were used to relate ESD to the effective dose (ED). A total of 302 radiographic examinations were collected from the four hospitals during two months of 2019. The highest ESD (mGy) was found for the lumbar spine lateral projection, with an average value of 2.66 mGy. The highest value of ED was observed for the abdomen lateral projection with an average of 0.174 mSv. The ESDs and EDs reported in this study are generally lower than reference dose values published by the IAEA. This trend is an indication that the patient radiation protection practices in these four hospitals are already acceptable. The results of this study showed that there is a need to improve the radiodiagnostic procedures for reducing patient radiation dose without affecting the quality of the radiography image. The data of this work will be useful in contributing to the formulation of regional guidance levels.
Abstract: The medical use of ionizing radiation is the largest and a growing man-made source of radiation exposure. The aim of this study is to assess the doses received by patients during radiological examinations in order to standardize the examination procedures and optimize the patient dose. Four most frequented hospitals, located in the Vakinankaratra a...
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Characteristic of Pollutant Element and the Side Effect with People Living Environments
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 2, June 2021
Pages:
27-31
Received:
27 March 2021
Accepted:
30 April 2021
Published:
21 May 2021
Abstract: Radon could be a natural hot gas while not odor, color or style. It found rocks, soil, concrete and bricks. The measurements of 222Rn concentration in a total of twelve completely different soil samples in kombolcha city were investigated. The concentrations were measured by alpha qualitative analysis detection technique with Corentium digital element detector. Within the general population, element exposure could be an explanation for carcinoma. The aim of a system was to assess the danger of hot element exposure to human health. Knowledge regarding health risks is vital, and efforts may be created to guard against associated health issues. Underneath the surface, there is a much better chance of reducing the impact of element exposure on public health and resulting in more practical interference with a variety of respiratory organ diseases. Many scientific and health organizations, including the World Health Organization, consider element gas to be hepatotoxic to humans. The elements that have the greatest impact on the human environment, with a focus on metastasis diseases. The hot gassy part is found in most building materials, and thus the land on which the buildings are built is created. One of the most important challenges that we have a tendency to face nowadays in the field of pollution is element pollution's thought-about as a hot part emitting continuous radiation throughout its short era. Several researchers have recently expressed an interest in studying the effects of element on human health, as it is regarded as one of the most common indoor air contaminants due to its malignant neoplastic disease properties.
Abstract: Radon could be a natural hot gas while not odor, color or style. It found rocks, soil, concrete and bricks. The measurements of 222Rn concentration in a total of twelve completely different soil samples in kombolcha city were investigated. The concentrations were measured by alpha qualitative analysis detection technique with Corentium digital elem...
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Measurement and Assessment of Occupational Exposure to Solar Ultraviolet Radiation in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State, Central Nigeria
Terver Sombo,
Terkimbi Jude Shivil,
Tertsea Igbawua
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 2, June 2021
Pages:
32-40
Received:
6 April 2021
Accepted:
3 May 2021
Published:
26 May 2021
Abstract: This work measured and modeled Ultraviolet (UV) Radiation exposure of outdoor workers (Traders, Drivers/Commuters and Construction workers) within Makurdi Metropolis. Digital broad band meter was used to measure Irradiance across the three occupations under consideration. Polymer Polysolphone dosimeters were used to quantify the amount of solar UVR absorbed by workers of these occupations, UV/VIS-Spectrophotometer was used to measure both post and pre-absorbance while GPS was used to measure the coordinate of the Sampling sites. The Polymer Polysulphone dosimeters were fitted on vital solar radiation access areas on a plastic human shape and placed in the sun from 9:30am- 4:00pm (6 hours 30 minutes). The result shows that head top had the highest values of 8.73 kJ/m2, 6.67 kJ/m2 and 7.40 kJ/m2 for drivers/commuters, construction workers and traders respectively while the dosimeters worn under clothe cover had the least values of 2.06kJ/m2, 2.56kJ/m2, 3.07 kJ/m2 at the market square, car park and construction site respectively. Similarly, UV Irradiances at various intervals were measured and the cumulative exposures calculated to be 610.98kJ/m2, 1923.84kJ/m2 and 3526.92 kJ/m2 respectively. The work sets a reliable baseline data for solar UV radiation monitoring in Makurdi Benue State, Nigeria.
Abstract: This work measured and modeled Ultraviolet (UV) Radiation exposure of outdoor workers (Traders, Drivers/Commuters and Construction workers) within Makurdi Metropolis. Digital broad band meter was used to measure Irradiance across the three occupations under consideration. Polymer Polysolphone dosimeters were used to quantify the amount of solar UVR...
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Assessment of Indoor Radon Concentration in Residential Buildings at Ouagadougou and Estimation of the Annual Effective Dose
Bambara Telado Luc,
Kabore Karim,
Derra Moumouni,
Beogo Cedric,
Ousmane Ibrahim Cisse,
Francois Zougmore
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 2, June 2021
Pages:
41-46
Received:
13 May 2021
Accepted:
4 June 2021
Published:
15 June 2021
Abstract: The second most important cause of lung cancer after smoking is a radon gas. Thus, the determination of indoor radon concentrations in residential buildings is an important public health concern. The purpose of this research was to measure the concentration of radon gas in residential homes in the city of Ouagadougou and evaluate the annual effective dose, effective dose equivalent and the relative risk of lung cancer. The present study used the digital radon detector air things of cranium to determine the concentration of radon in twenty one homes at Ouagadougou. The digital radon detector air Things of corentium was placed in each residential building for a minimum period of one week and the concentration values are read every 24 hours. The values recorded are the short term average and the long term average. This study showed that the average radon concentration was 26.90±2.58 Bq/m3 in residential homes at Ouagadougou. The average radon effective dose rate was calculated as 0.68 mSv per year and the average effective dose equivalent of 1.63 mSv per year. The average relative risk of lung cancer (RRLC) due to indoor exposure was 1.02. The concentration of radon in one house was found to be greater than 100 Bq/m3, which is above the level allowed by the World Health Organization (WHO). The radon Effective Dose Equivalent in 14.3% of homes were slightly larger than the limit of the recommended action level (3-10 mSv per year) as reported by the ICRP-1993. It seems necessary to increase the public’s awareness of this issue and to take action to reduce radon in homes when the concentrations are above.
Abstract: The second most important cause of lung cancer after smoking is a radon gas. Thus, the determination of indoor radon concentrations in residential buildings is an important public health concern. The purpose of this research was to measure the concentration of radon gas in residential homes in the city of Ouagadougou and evaluate the annual effecti...
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