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Assessment of Indoor Radon Concentration in Residential Buildings at Ouagadougou and Estimation of the Annual Effective Dose

Received: 13 May 2021     Accepted: 4 June 2021     Published: 15 June 2021
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Abstract

The second most important cause of lung cancer after smoking is a radon gas. Thus, the determination of indoor radon concentrations in residential buildings is an important public health concern. The purpose of this research was to measure the concentration of radon gas in residential homes in the city of Ouagadougou and evaluate the annual effective dose, effective dose equivalent and the relative risk of lung cancer. The present study used the digital radon detector air things of cranium to determine the concentration of radon in twenty one homes at Ouagadougou. The digital radon detector air Things of corentium was placed in each residential building for a minimum period of one week and the concentration values are read every 24 hours. The values recorded are the short term average and the long term average. This study showed that the average radon concentration was 26.90±2.58 Bq/m3 in residential homes at Ouagadougou. The average radon effective dose rate was calculated as 0.68 mSv per year and the average effective dose equivalent of 1.63 mSv per year. The average relative risk of lung cancer (RRLC) due to indoor exposure was 1.02. The concentration of radon in one house was found to be greater than 100 Bq/m3, which is above the level allowed by the World Health Organization (WHO). The radon Effective Dose Equivalent in 14.3% of homes were slightly larger than the limit of the recommended action level (3-10 mSv per year) as reported by the ICRP-1993. It seems necessary to increase the public’s awareness of this issue and to take action to reduce radon in homes when the concentrations are above.

Published in Radiation Science and Technology (Volume 7, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.rst.20210702.14
Page(s) 41-46
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Radon, Dose, Relative Risk, Residential Buildings

References
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[2] Gray A, Read S, McGale P, 2009. Lung cancer deaths from indoor radon and the cost effectiveness and potential of policies to reduce them. British Med J 2009, 338: a3110.
[3] Jing Chen, 2018. Risk assessment for radon exposure in various indoor environments. Radiation Protection Bureau, Health Canada, 775 Brookfield Road, Ottawa, K1A 1C1 Ontario, Canada, December 2018.
[4] Elzain A.: A Study of Indoor Radon Levels and Radon Effective Dose in dwellings of some cities of gezira state in sudan. Nuclear Technology & Radiation Protection: Year 2014, Vol. 29, No. 4, pp. 307-312.
[5] Choukri A., O.-K. Hakam, Equivalent doses of indoor 222Rn in some dwellings and workspaces in Morocco.
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[7] M. Quarto, M. Pugliese, F. Loffredo, V. Roca, 2016. Indoor radon concentration and gamma dose rate in dwellings of the Province of Naples, South Italy, and estimation of the effective dose to the inhabitants. Radioprotection 51 (1), 31-36 (2016).
[8] H. Hassanvand, M. Birjandi, A. Amiri, M. S. Hassanvand, B. Kamarehie, 2019. Investigation of indoor radon concentration in dwellings of Aleshtar (western part of Iran) and estimation of the annual effective dose from exposure to radon. Volume 17, No 4 International Journal of Radiation Research, October 2019.
[9] H. A. Yal?m, A. Gümü? and R. ünal, 2018. “Determination of Indoor Radon Concentration and Effective Dose Equivalent at Workplaces of Afyonkarahisar Province”, Süleyman Demirel üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Fen Dergisi, 13 (2), 29-35, 2018.
[10] UNSCEAR, 2000. Exposure of the public and workers from various sources of radiation, ANNEX B, 2008, pp. 223-293.
[11] United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR), 2000. Sources and Effects of Ionizing Radiation, Vol. I Annex A: Dose Assessment Methodologies, New York, 2000.
[12] Norafatin Khalid, Amran Ab Majid, Redzuwan Yahaya and Muhammad Samudi Yasir, 2014. Radiological Risk Assessment of Environmental Radon. The 2013 UKM FST Postgraduate Colloquium, AIP Conf. Proc. 1571, 169-176 (2014); doi: 10.1063/1.4858649 ? 2014 AIP Publishing LLC 978-0-7354-1199-9/$30.00.
[13] Hüseyin Ali YALIM, Ayla GüMü?, R?dvan üNAL, 2018. Determination of Indoor Radon Concentration and Effective Dose Equivalent at Workplaces of Afyonkarahisar Province. Süleyman Demirel üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Fen Dergisi Süleyman Demirel University Faculty of Arts and Sciences Journal of Science 2018, 13 (2): 29-35 DOI: 10.29233/sdufeffd.442298.
[14] Abdalsattar Kareem Hashim, Eman Ibrahim Awad and Hamza A. Mezher, 2017. Measurement of annual effective dose for Radon in Kerbala University Campus, Freiha, Iraq. Iraqi Journal of Public Health (2017), DOI 10.22317/ijph.03201705.
[15] Akeel T. Al-Kazwini, Mohannad M. Al-Arnaout, and Tiba R. Abdulkareem, 2020. Radon-222 Exposure and Dose Concentration Levels in Jordanian Dwellings. Hindawi Journal of Environmental and Public Health Volume 2020, Article ID 6668488, 7 pages, https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6668488.
[16] Maryam Yarahmadi, Abbas Shahsavani, Mohammad Hassan Mahmoudian, Narges Shamsedini, Noushin Rastkari, Majid Kermani, 2016. Estimation of the residential radon levels and the annual effective dose in dwellings of Shiraz, Iran, in 2015. Electronic Physician (ISSN: 2008-5842), June 2016, Volume: 8, Issue: 6, Pages: 2497-2505, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.19082/2497.
[17] Mirsina Mousavi Aghdam, Stefania DaPelo, Valentina Dentoni, Viviana Fanti, Alessandra Bernardini, Paolo Randaccio, Daniele Chiriu, 2019. Measurements of Indoor Radon Levels and Gamma Dose Rates. Proceedings of the 5th World Congress on New Technologies (NewTech'19) Lisbon, Portugal – August, 2019 Paper No. ICEPR 149 DOI: 10.11159/icepr19.149.
[18] ICRP, The 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on radiological Protection. ICRP Publication 103. Ann. ICRP 37, 2007. pp. 2-4.
[19] Amin S. A., S. D. Alalgawi and H. M. Hashimn, 2015.Indoor radon concentrations and effective dose estimation in Al-Karkh side of Baghdad dwellings. IJST (2015) 39A4: 491-495, Iranian Journal of Science & Technology http://ijsts.shirazu.ac.ir.
[20] Abd-Elmoniem Ahmed ELZAIN, 2014. A STUDY OF IN DOOR RA DON LEV ELS AND RADON EFFECTIVE DOSE IN DWELLINGS OF SOME CITIES OF GEZIRA STATE IN SUDAN. Nuclear Technology & Radiation Protection: Year 2014, Vol. 29, No. 4, pp. 307-312.
[21] International Commission on Radiological Protection. International Commission on Radiological Protection Statement on Radon. (2009). ICRP Ref 00/902/09. Retrieved September 30, 2010, from http://www.icrp.org/docs/ICRP_Statement_on_Radon(November_2009).pdf.
[22] Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC), 2011. Radon and Health. Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada 2011 Catalogue number CC172-67/2011-PDF ISBN 978-1-100- 17765-6 Published by the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC) Catalogue number: INFO-0813.
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    Bambara Telado Luc, Kabore Karim, Derra Moumouni, Beogo Cedric, Ousmane Ibrahim Cisse, et al. (2021). Assessment of Indoor Radon Concentration in Residential Buildings at Ouagadougou and Estimation of the Annual Effective Dose. Radiation Science and Technology, 7(2), 41-46. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rst.20210702.14

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    ACS Style

    Bambara Telado Luc; Kabore Karim; Derra Moumouni; Beogo Cedric; Ousmane Ibrahim Cisse, et al. Assessment of Indoor Radon Concentration in Residential Buildings at Ouagadougou and Estimation of the Annual Effective Dose. Radiat. Sci. Technol. 2021, 7(2), 41-46. doi: 10.11648/j.rst.20210702.14

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    AMA Style

    Bambara Telado Luc, Kabore Karim, Derra Moumouni, Beogo Cedric, Ousmane Ibrahim Cisse, et al. Assessment of Indoor Radon Concentration in Residential Buildings at Ouagadougou and Estimation of the Annual Effective Dose. Radiat Sci Technol. 2021;7(2):41-46. doi: 10.11648/j.rst.20210702.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.rst.20210702.14,
      author = {Bambara Telado Luc and Kabore Karim and Derra Moumouni and Beogo Cedric and Ousmane Ibrahim Cisse and Francois Zougmore},
      title = {Assessment of Indoor Radon Concentration in Residential Buildings at Ouagadougou and Estimation of the Annual Effective Dose},
      journal = {Radiation Science and Technology},
      volume = {7},
      number = {2},
      pages = {41-46},
      doi = {10.11648/j.rst.20210702.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rst.20210702.14},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.rst.20210702.14},
      abstract = {The second most important cause of lung cancer after smoking is a radon gas. Thus, the determination of indoor radon concentrations in residential buildings is an important public health concern. The purpose of this research was to measure the concentration of radon gas in residential homes in the city of Ouagadougou and evaluate the annual effective dose, effective dose equivalent and the relative risk of lung cancer. The present study used the digital radon detector air things of cranium to determine the concentration of radon in twenty one homes at Ouagadougou. The digital radon detector air Things of corentium was placed in each residential building for a minimum period of one week and the concentration values are read every 24 hours. The values recorded are the short term average and the long term average. This study showed that the average radon concentration was 26.90±2.58 Bq/m3 in residential homes at Ouagadougou. The average radon effective dose rate was calculated as 0.68 mSv per year and the average effective dose equivalent of 1.63 mSv per year. The average relative risk of lung cancer (RRLC) due to indoor exposure was 1.02. The concentration of radon in one house was found to be greater than 100 Bq/m3, which is above the level allowed by the World Health Organization (WHO). The radon Effective Dose Equivalent in 14.3% of homes were slightly larger than the limit of the recommended action level (3-10 mSv per year) as reported by the ICRP-1993. It seems necessary to increase the public’s awareness of this issue and to take action to reduce radon in homes when the concentrations are above.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Assessment of Indoor Radon Concentration in Residential Buildings at Ouagadougou and Estimation of the Annual Effective Dose
    AU  - Bambara Telado Luc
    AU  - Kabore Karim
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    AU  - Beogo Cedric
    AU  - Ousmane Ibrahim Cisse
    AU  - Francois Zougmore
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    PY  - 2021
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rst.20210702.14
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    T2  - Radiation Science and Technology
    JF  - Radiation Science and Technology
    JO  - Radiation Science and Technology
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    EP  - 46
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2575-5943
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.rst.20210702.14
    AB  - The second most important cause of lung cancer after smoking is a radon gas. Thus, the determination of indoor radon concentrations in residential buildings is an important public health concern. The purpose of this research was to measure the concentration of radon gas in residential homes in the city of Ouagadougou and evaluate the annual effective dose, effective dose equivalent and the relative risk of lung cancer. The present study used the digital radon detector air things of cranium to determine the concentration of radon in twenty one homes at Ouagadougou. The digital radon detector air Things of corentium was placed in each residential building for a minimum period of one week and the concentration values are read every 24 hours. The values recorded are the short term average and the long term average. This study showed that the average radon concentration was 26.90±2.58 Bq/m3 in residential homes at Ouagadougou. The average radon effective dose rate was calculated as 0.68 mSv per year and the average effective dose equivalent of 1.63 mSv per year. The average relative risk of lung cancer (RRLC) due to indoor exposure was 1.02. The concentration of radon in one house was found to be greater than 100 Bq/m3, which is above the level allowed by the World Health Organization (WHO). The radon Effective Dose Equivalent in 14.3% of homes were slightly larger than the limit of the recommended action level (3-10 mSv per year) as reported by the ICRP-1993. It seems necessary to increase the public’s awareness of this issue and to take action to reduce radon in homes when the concentrations are above.
    VL  - 7
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Physics and Chemical Department, Institute of Sciences, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

  • Physics Department, Virtual University, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

  • Physics Department, University Norbert Zongo, Koudougou, Burkina Faso

  • Physics Department, University Thomas Sankara, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

  • Physics Department, University Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

  • Physics Department, University Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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