Effect of Arachis glabrata Levels in the Diet on Reproduction and Pre-Weaning Growth Performance of Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus L) Fed on Panicum maximum
Emile Miégoué,
Fernand Tendonkeng,
Nathalie Mweugang Ngouopo,
Jules Lemoufouet,
Josué Fossi,
Paulette Ntsafack,
Etienne Tedonkeng Pamo
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, December 2018
Pages:
36-44
Received:
6 November 2018
Accepted:
23 November 2018
Published:
26 December 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijast.20180204.11
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Abstract: In order to evaluate the level of inclusion of Arachis glabrata in the diet of Guinea pig (Cavia porcellus L.) fed to Panicum maximum on the reproduction and pre-weaning growth performance, trials were conducted at the Laboratory of Animal Production and Nutrition (LAPRONAN) (FASA) of the University of Dschang between December 2016 and April 2017. For this purpose, 56 adult guinea pigs of local breed including 48 females and 8 males all 5 months old about and weighing on average 400 ± 50g were used. These animals were randomly distributed into 4 homogeneous lots of 12 animals and crossed with a ratio of 2 males for 12 females in a factorial design. Animals were submitted to iso-nitrogen rations (17% protein) associated with P. maximum. The animals in the control group received P. maximum at will and one concentrated food not containing Arachis glabrata (PMA0), while those of the other lots received in addition to P. maximum a concentrated food containing respectively 10 (PMA10), 15 (PMA15) and 20% of Arachis glabrata (PMA20). The results of this study show that the inclusion of the increasing level of Arachis glabrata had no significant effect (P> 0.05) on litter size. The rate of stillbirth was 9.10% in the animals receiving the ration containing 20% of Arachis glabrata compared to 0% for the other diets. The highest pre- and post-weaning mortality rates (30 and 33.33%, respectively) were recorded in animals receiving 20% and 10% rations of Arachis glabrata, respectively. The ration containing 10% of Arachis glabrata yielded the best fertility (75%), and net fertility (108.33%). Inclusion of 20% of Arachis glabrata in the diet resulted in the highest mean weights (P <0.05) in lactating females from birth to weaning. At birth and weaning, the highest average weight of piglets was obtained in control batch of animals. In terms of total gain (TG) and average daily gain (ADG), the ration containing 20% of Arachis glabrata recorded the most significant (P <0.05) values (105.36g and 5.20g / d respectively) at weaning. Thus, Arachis glabrata can be included up to 20% in the ration as a source of protein for improving production performances of guinea pigs in a farm environment.
Abstract: In order to evaluate the level of inclusion of Arachis glabrata in the diet of Guinea pig (Cavia porcellus L.) fed to Panicum maximum on the reproduction and pre-weaning growth performance, trials were conducted at the Laboratory of Animal Production and Nutrition (LAPRONAN) (FASA) of the University of Dschang between December 2016 and April 2017. ...
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Response of Application Time and Method of Inorganic Phosphorus Fertilizer on Irish Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Production at Bore and Anasora Area, Southern Oromia, Ethiopia
Solomon Teshome,
Tekile Bobo,
Beriso Wako
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, December 2018
Pages:
45-54
Received:
14 November 2018
Accepted:
5 December 2018
Published:
7 January 2019
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijast.20180204.12
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Abstract: Optimizing fertilization brings tangible benefits such as higher yields and lower fertilizer costs, but also assures the sustainability of agricultural businesses. Appropriate nutrient application at critical time is often a crucial and increase rapidly during the tuber bulking phase and then slow as the plant matures. In recent years, however, some producers have applied some or all of the fertilizer in a concentrated and in inefficient form at a time carelessly. There is a limiting knowledge regarding time and appropriate method of application. The field trials were conducted during 2016 and 2017 main cropping season at the Bore Agricultural Research Centre on site and Ana sora on farm which is located in Guji Zone of Southern Ethiopia to evaluate the best P application time and method. The treatments consisted of Five (5) levels of application time (pre-planting (10DBP), at planting, at first weeding, at first earthingup and second earthingup stage (45DAP) and three (3) levels of application methods (band placement (localized placement or spot application), side dressing and broadcasting) will be arranged in RCBD with factorial arrangement of three replications. Sprouted tubers was planted on plot size of 2.1mx 3.5m and spacing of 30cm between plants and 70 cm between rows. The plot consists of five rows and seven plants per single row, totally 35 plants per plot. A distance of 0.6m and 1.4m was left between plots and blocks, respectively. Data were collected on growth, yield, yield components and disease incidence and severity. The two years combined data analysis results revealed that the interaction effect of fungicides and potato varieties had influenced significantly (P<0.05) response on days to 50% flowering, 50% maturity, plant height, number of tubers per hill, stem number per plant, marketable tuber yield and unmarketable tuber yield and total tuber yield. The highest economic yield (50.2 t ha-1 and 49.98 t ha-1) was obtained from the combined use of phosphorus at planting with banding. Generally, as a conclusive and recommendation, Irish potato growers at Bore, Ana sora and surrounding area need to grow Irish potato by applying phosphorus fertilizer at time of planting with banding method of application thereby phosphorus recovery can be improved for better use of plants.
Abstract: Optimizing fertilization brings tangible benefits such as higher yields and lower fertilizer costs, but also assures the sustainability of agricultural businesses. Appropriate nutrient application at critical time is often a crucial and increase rapidly during the tuber bulking phase and then slow as the plant matures. In recent years, however, som...
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Evaluation of Atriplex nummularia as a Roughage Source for Growing Lambs: Effects on Performance, Rumen Fermentation and Some Blood Mineral Concentrations
Mahmoud Abdelatife Mohamed Abdullah,
Ibrahim Mohamed Ibrahim Youssef,
Mamdouh Alsayed Eissa
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, December 2018
Pages:
55-61
Received:
16 November 2018
Accepted:
8 December 2018
Published:
11 January 2019
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijast.20180204.13
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Abstract: This study was conducted to evaluate the feeding of Atriplex nummularia as a source of roughages for sheep. Its effects on performance, some blood minerals and ruminal fermentation activities were assessed. Fifteen growing lambs (about 30.5± 1.20 kg B.W.) were randomly allocated into three groups, each with five lambs. The animals in the first group served as a control and were fed on a basal diet consisting of concentrate mixture and wheat straw. The second and third groups were received the same basal diet with substituting the wheat straw by 50% and 100% of Atriplex nummularia hay, respectively. The animals fed the Atriplex showed a decrease in feed intake and an increase in water intake. However, the body weight was not affected in lambs fed 50% Atriplex hay of the roughage amount, but decreased in those fed on that hay alone. Feeding of Atriplex increased the total protozoa count and total VFAs in the rumen, but decreased the ammonia N concentration. The increase of VFAs production resulted in a decrease in ruminal pH values. The plasma Na level was increased in both Atriplex treatments, but the K and Cl levels were higher in lambs fed on Atriplex hay alone. The obtained results indicate that the Atriplex nummularia hay can be used as an unconventional roughage source in sheep rations. It can be included at a level reaching the half of roughage amount fed to animals without any adverse effect on body weight. Moreover, it can improve the rumen fermentation and the utilization of degradable protein in the rumen as indicated by the increase in total protozoa count and total VFAs production with reduction of ammonia N concentration in the rumen.
Abstract: This study was conducted to evaluate the feeding of Atriplex nummularia as a source of roughages for sheep. Its effects on performance, some blood minerals and ruminal fermentation activities were assessed. Fifteen growing lambs (about 30.5± 1.20 kg B.W.) were randomly allocated into three groups, each with five lambs. The animals in the first grou...
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