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Assessment of Beekeeping System, Constraints and Opportunities in Selected Districts of West Hararghe Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Sudi Dawud,
Degefa Negessa,
Kassahun Lemi,
Dereje Tsegaye
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, June 2020
Pages:
17-23
Received:
21 May 2020
Accepted:
5 June 2020
Published:
28 June 2020
Abstract: The study was conducted two districts (Daro Labu & Gemmachis) of western Hararghe Zone with the objective of identifying beekeeping production systems and constraints in the area. For this study 6 Peasant Associations (PAs) were selected on the bases of beekeeping potential. 90 beekeepers were interviewed using pre tested semi-structured questionnaires and PRA were also used for 55 non-beekeepers. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 13. In the survey area among the beekeepers interviewed almost all farmer possess different types of traditional hive where only 26.7% and 2.22% owned modern box hive and transitional hive respectively. About 96.67% of the respondents categorize their colonies based on body size, color, swarming rate, honey production and ability to enemy protection. 80% of the interviewed farmers prefer “Red” and “Shumbure” colored bees. The beekeepers have good knowledge in colony management – feeding, watering and pest and predator caring. In all surveyed areas, honey harvested once a year from end of September to November (main honey flow) and sometimes April to May (minor honey flow). The average honey yield from traditional, transitional & box hive per harvest were 6.4±2.63, 8±2.83 and 13.9±4.04 kg respectively. There are different kinds of bee pests and predators in the area as small ant, birds, wax moth and others. 92.23% of respondent stated that as the trend of beekeeping is decreasing due to a number of factors. In our survey major beekeeping constraints in the area were also identified as lack of extension services, lack of improved beekeeping technologies, lack of man power, Lack better performer line, lack of bee forage. From this study it was realized that, there is potential of beekeeping in the zone but the production system still under traditional way where it needs further intervention of NGOs, Conservers, Researchers and private organizations to improve production system and exploit resource from this sub sector.
Abstract: The study was conducted two districts (Daro Labu & Gemmachis) of western Hararghe Zone with the objective of identifying beekeeping production systems and constraints in the area. For this study 6 Peasant Associations (PAs) were selected on the bases of beekeeping potential. 90 beekeepers were interviewed using pre tested semi-structured questionna...
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Effects of Substitution of Concentrate Mixture with Dried Moringa (Moringa Stenopetala) Leaves on Feed Intake, Digestibility and Body Weight Gain of Woyto-Guji Goats
Sale Wandara,
Mekonnen Yirga,
Tekleyohannes Berhanu
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, June 2020
Pages:
24-32
Received:
15 October 2019
Accepted:
11 June 2020
Published:
28 June 2020
Abstract: The study was carried out at Arbaminch Agricultural research center, Gamo Gofa zone, Ethiopia, using twenty five intact male yearling Woyto-Guji goats. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of dried moringa leaf substitution to concentrate mixture on feed intake, digestibility and body weight gain of Woyto-Guji goats and to assess the economic benefit of dried Moringa leaf substitution. The experimental design was randomized complete block design. Goats were blocked into five block based on their initial body weight (BW) and randomly assigned to one of the five treatments. The experiment consisted of 90 days of feeding trial and 7 days of digestibility trial. The five dietary treatments used were100% concentrate mixture (CM) consisting of wheat bran (57%), noug (Guizota abyssinica) seed cake (23%), maize (19%) and salt (1%) [T1]; 75% CM+25% dried moringa stenopetala leaf (DMSL) [T2]; 50% CM+50% DMSL [T3]; 25% CM+75% DMSL [T4] and 100% DMSL [T5]. The natural pasture hay of this study was medium quality grass and the CP content was better demanded for maintenance requirement of goats. Total dry matter intake (TDMI) expressed as% BW and metabolic BW (kg/w0.75) were different (p<0.05) among treatments with an overall mean of 3.46% of BW and 64.59 g DM/kg w0.75 per day. The TDMI was in the range of 3.3 to 3.7% BW. The CP intake has increased in ascending order with increased level of DMSL supplementation. The trend in TDMI (g/day) of goats across the feeding period showed progressive increment. The increase in BW throughout the feeding period is an attribute of increase in feed and digestible nutrient intakes. Based on the partial budget analysis as well from biological point of view, supplementation of 75% and 100% dried moringastenopetala leaf could be recommended as profitable for goat producer. Therefore, goat producers can use moringa to attain higher body weight gain within a short period of time.
Abstract: The study was carried out at Arbaminch Agricultural research center, Gamo Gofa zone, Ethiopia, using twenty five intact male yearling Woyto-Guji goats. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of dried moringa leaf substitution to concentrate mixture on feed intake, digestibility and body weight gain of Woyto-Guji goats and to assess t...
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Production, Handling, Traditional Processing Practices and Quality of Milk in Kembata Tembaro Zone Milk Shed Area, Southern Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 2, June 2020
Pages:
33-49
Received:
12 March 2020
Accepted:
16 April 2020
Published:
28 June 2020
Abstract: The study was conducted in Kembata Tembaro zone, kdida Gamela and kachabira woredas, of the southern Regional State with the objectives of: to assess the milk production systems, traditional milk handling and processing practices and determine the compositional and microbiological quality of milk produced at smallholder farmers’ level. A single-visit-multiple-subject formal survey was used to collect data. A total of 150 households (75 from each woreda) were individually interviewed. All respondents reported that they wash hands and milk vessels before milking cows. However, the overall milking hygienic practice followed by the farmers in the area is poor. Ensira is the major container used for milking and storing dairy products in the study area. All the respondents (100%) in Kedida and 93.3 percent in kachebirra use Ensira for milking. With regard to churning, the majority of the respondents (98.7%) in Kedida use Ensira churn while 76.32 percent in Kachebirra use clay pot churn. Terminalia brownie and Acacia spp. are the most frequently used plant species for smoking milk vessels in the study area. The major constraints to milk production in the study area lack of milk collection centers/ lack of market, and poor quality milk products to be the major problems of the traditional milk processing practices. Only two dairy cooperatives were identified in kedida woreda; whereas there is no dairy cooperative in Kachebra woreda. lack of cooling facilities coupled with lack of electric power supply are the major constraints encountered at the dairy cooperatives. The overall mean fat, protein, total solids, ash and solids-not-fat (SNF) contents of local cows’ milk produced in the study area were 4.71, 3.25, 13.47, 0.73 and 8.78 percent, respectively. Whereas, the overall mean fat, protein, total solids, ash and SNF contents of crossbred cows’ milk were 4.14, 3.45, 13.15, 0.70 and 8.96 percent, respectively. The overall mean total bacterial count, coliform count and percent lactic acid of milk produced in the study area were 7.58±0.09 log10 cfu/ml, 4.49±0.11 log10 cfu/ml and 0.23%±0.01, respectively. The overall mean of the predicted probabilities of clot-on-boiling and alcohol tests were 0.23±0.12 and 0.51±0.11, respectively. the microbiological quality of milk produced by individual farmers and by the dairy cooperatives in the study area was poor and this call for scrupulous hygienic measures during production and handling of milk and milk products in the study area.
Abstract: The study was conducted in Kembata Tembaro zone, kdida Gamela and kachabira woredas, of the southern Regional State with the objectives of: to assess the milk production systems, traditional milk handling and processing practices and determine the compositional and microbiological quality of milk produced at smallholder farmers’ level. A single-vis...
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