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Facilitated Transport of Lysine Acetylsalicylate Through Supported Liquid Membrane Using Methyl Cholate as Carrier: Parameters and Mechanism
Oussama Kamal,
Tarik Eljaddi,
Habib Mouadili,
El Houssaine EL Atmani,
Laurent Lebrun,
Miloudi Hlaïbi
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, July 2017
Pages:
49-55
Received:
15 April 2017
Accepted:
5 May 2017
Published:
21 June 2017
Abstract: Transport of lysine acetylsalicylate (LAS) through supported liquid membrane was investigated using methyl cholate (MC) as extractive agent. Kinetic and thermodynamic models were developed, based on the interaction of the substrate LAS with the extractive agent T, and the diffusion of the formed entity (TS) through the membrane. The experimental results verify the models and enable the determination of macroscopic parameters (permeabilities (P) and initial fluxes (J0)), as well as microscopic parameters (association constants (Kass), and apparent diffusion coefficients (D*)), relating to formed entity (TS) and its diffusion through the membrane organic phase. Parameters such as initial concentration of the substrate in the feed phase, pH of the feed and stripping phases and temperature of the extraction medium were studied. The results obtain indicate that the mechanism of the migration of LAS through the membrane organic phase cannot be a pure diffusion movement but it takes place by successive jumps from one site to another of the extractive agent, via interaction reactions with LAS.
Abstract: Transport of lysine acetylsalicylate (LAS) through supported liquid membrane was investigated using methyl cholate (MC) as extractive agent. Kinetic and thermodynamic models were developed, based on the interaction of the substrate LAS with the extractive agent T, and the diffusion of the formed entity (TS) through the membrane. The experimental re...
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Process Simulation of Biodiesel Production from Jatropha Curcas Seed Oil
Aldo Okullo,
Noah Tibasiima
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, July 2017
Pages:
56-63
Received:
14 April 2017
Accepted:
12 May 2017
Published:
4 July 2017
Abstract: The increasing concerns over diminishing fossil fuel supplies and rising oil prices, as well as adverse environmental and human health impacts from the use of such fuels have led to the need of finding alternative fuels that will reduce the dependency on fossil fuels. Biodiesel from plant and animal oils sources, has been identified as such an alternative fuel. However, the major obstacle in the production and commercialization of biodiesel is the production cost. This high cost is mainly attributed to the cost of using edible vegetable oil as feedstock. There is a need to obtain biodiesel without compromising food security. In this paper, an alkali catalyzed continuous transesterification process with a capacity of 8000 tonnes/year of biodiesel from jatropha curcas seed oil was designed and simulated in HYSYS. Laboratory data was used for the simulation and the process was able to produce biodiesel of high purity (over 99.65%) and by-product glycerine with the purity grade of 95.3%.
Abstract: The increasing concerns over diminishing fossil fuel supplies and rising oil prices, as well as adverse environmental and human health impacts from the use of such fuels have led to the need of finding alternative fuels that will reduce the dependency on fossil fuels. Biodiesel from plant and animal oils sources, has been identified as such an alte...
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Impact of Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment on the Physicochemical and Thermal Properties of Magnesium Gluconate
Alice Branton,
Snehasis Jana
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, July 2017
Pages:
64-73
Received:
20 May 2017
Accepted:
31 May 2017
Published:
12 July 2017
Abstract: Magnesium gluconate is usually used as a dietary supplement for the prevention and treatment of hypomagnesemia as well as to maintain the overall quality of life. The present study was designed to evaluate the impact of The Trivedi Effect®-Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment on the physicochemical and thermal properties of magnesium gluconate using PXRD, PSA, DSC, and TGA/DTG analysis. Magnesium gluconate was divided into two parts – one part was control (without Biofield Energy Treatment), while another part was treated with Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment (The Trivedi Effect®) remotely by the renowned Biofield Energy Healer, Alice Branton and defined as Biofield Energy Treated sample. The PXRD analysis showed that the relative peak intensities and crystallite sizes of the characteristic diffraction peaks in the treated sample were significantly altered from -73.55% to 17.21% and from -14.28% to 125.11%, respectively compared with the control sample. The average crystallite size was significantly increased by 19.29% in the treated sample compared to the control sample. The particle size values at d10, d50, d90, and D(4, 3) of the treated sample was significantly increased by 2.03%, 70.92%, 142.25%, and 95.42%, respectively compared with the control sample. Thus, the surface area of treated sample was significantly decreased by 21.34% compared to the control sample. The melting point of the Biofield Energy Treated sample (170.16°C) was decreased by 0.19% compared the control sample (170.48°C). The latent heat of fusion in the treated sample was increased by 3.11% compared to the control sample. The TGA analysis exhibited three steps thermal degradation and the total weight loss of the treated sample was increased by 0.29% compared to the control sample. The maximum thermal degradation temperatures (Tmax) of the 1st and 2nd peaks were decreased by 2.86% and 1.97%, respectively, while 2nd and 3rd peaks were increased by 1.14% and 0.94% respectively, in the treated sample compared to the control sample. The thermal analysis revealed that the thermodynamic stability of the treated sample was changed compared with the control sample. The Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment might produce a crystalline polymorphic form of magnesium gluconate, which could show better powder flowability and appearance with altered thermal stability compared to the untreated sample. Hence, Biofield Energy Treated magnesium gluconate would be advantageous in designing better nutraceutical/pharmaceutical formulations that might provide better therapeutic responses against inflammatory diseases, immunological disorders, cancer, diabetes mellitus, stress, aging, etc.
Abstract: Magnesium gluconate is usually used as a dietary supplement for the prevention and treatment of hypomagnesemia as well as to maintain the overall quality of life. The present study was designed to evaluate the impact of The Trivedi Effect®-Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment on the physicochemical and thermal properties of magnesium gluconate...
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Inhibition Effect of Some Inhibitors on Super 13Cr Steel Corrosion in Completion Fluid
Li Lingjie,
Yang Yaohui,
Zhou Bing,
Zhang Yanjun,
Lin Zhu,
Tong Hui
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, July 2017
Pages:
74-80
Received:
19 July 2017
Published:
19 July 2017
Abstract: The inhibition effect of some inhibitors on super 13Cr stainless steel corrosion in CaCl2 completion fluids with 1.0MPa CO2 was investigated. The results indicated that the super 13Cr stainless steel was susceptible to uniform and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) without inhibitors. After addition urotropine, the uniform corrosion was inhibited, and the SCC sensitivity of super 13Cr steel decreased. Electrochemical noise results indicated that the noise resistance increased obviously after addition urotropine.
Abstract: The inhibition effect of some inhibitors on super 13Cr stainless steel corrosion in CaCl2 completion fluids with 1.0MPa CO2 was investigated. The results indicated that the super 13Cr stainless steel was susceptible to uniform and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) without inhibitors. After addition urotropine, the uniform corrosion was inhibited, and...
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Short Communication: Requiring Reverse Osmosis Membranes Modifications – An Overview
Djamel Ghernaout,
Abd El-Aziz El-Wakil
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, July 2017
Pages:
81-88
Received:
18 June 2017
Accepted:
27 June 2017
Published:
31 July 2017
Abstract: Do really reverse osmosis (RO) membranes need modification to cover their disadvantages or enhance their efficiency? Are there any defects in RO membranes manufacturing that require modification? These questions are discussed here in this short review. Through the world, there are thousands of patents, publications, and PhD theses dealing with surface modification and grafting of RO membranes. This growing phenomenon should attract the attention of the scientific community for technologic and economic reasons. Due to the increasing water pollution levels, which overpassed the RO membranes capacities, there is an urgent need to manufacture RO membranes, with multidisciplinary characteristics and high performance regarding both salts removal and fouling resistance, before sending them to the market and avoiding to think to their following modification.
Abstract: Do really reverse osmosis (RO) membranes need modification to cover their disadvantages or enhance their efficiency? Are there any defects in RO membranes manufacturing that require modification? These questions are discussed here in this short review. Through the world, there are thousands of patents, publications, and PhD theses dealing with surf...
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