Research Article
Optimizing Garlic Yield Through Furrow Irrigation Systems and Deficit Irrigation in Central Ethiopia, Tiyo District
Abu Dedo Ilmi*
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 3, June 2025
Pages:
60-69
Received:
6 March 2025
Accepted:
17 April 2025
Published:
14 May 2025
Abstract: Water scarcity presents a significant challenge to sustainable agriculture, especially in semi-arid regions like Ethiopia, where limited water availability intensifies dependence on efficient irrigation methods. This study assessed the impact of three furrow irrigation systems—Conventional Furrow Irrigation (CFI), Alternate Furrow Irrigation (AFI), and Fixed Furrow Irrigation (FFI)—combined with four levels of deficit irrigation (100%, 85%, 70%, and 55% of crop evapotranspiration, ETc) on garlic yield and water use efficiency (WUE) in Tiyo District, Central Ethiopia. A factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) was employed with 12 treatment combinations and three replications. Results revealed that CFI at 85%ETc achieved the highest garlic yield among deficit treatments (82.68 q/ha), while AFI at 100%ETc provided a comparable yield with significantly reduced water use. The maximum irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) of 31.52 kg/mm was observed under AFI70%ETc, followed closely by AFI100%ETc at 28.64 kg/mm. Crop water use efficiency (CWUE) was highest under CFI100%ETc at 26.35 kg/mm. Despite FFI being less effective due to uneven water distribution, AFI demonstrated consistent superiority in maintaining stable yields and maximizing WUE, especially under limited water conditions. The study concludes that AFI coupled with moderate deficit irrigation (100% or 85%ETc) offers a promising approach for improving garlic productivity and sustainable water management. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and farmers seeking adaptive strategies to enhance crop performance in water-scarce environments.
Abstract: Water scarcity presents a significant challenge to sustainable agriculture, especially in semi-arid regions like Ethiopia, where limited water availability intensifies dependence on efficient irrigation methods. This study assessed the impact of three furrow irrigation systems—Conventional Furrow Irrigation (CFI), Alternate Furrow Irrigation (AFI),...
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Research Article
Radar Detection of the Oil Spills in the Ivorian South East Sea Waters
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 3, June 2025
Pages:
70-77
Received:
19 May 2025
Accepted:
4 June 2025
Published:
18 July 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.wros.20251403.12
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Abstract: This research work aims to analyze hydrocarbon spills along the Ivorian coasts using geospatial techniques. The objective is to geolocate oil spills that occurred from 2018 to 2023 on the Ivorian coast using radar images. These images, available and downloadable from the Copernicus site, processed in ESA SNAP software, have made it possible to detect oil spills, thanks to their ability to distinguish contaminated surfaces from unpolluted water. The techniques used made it possible to carry out radiometric corrections and to remove the speckle noise, followed by the extraction of the spill zones from the differences in water reflectivity. The data processed have been validated thanks to the data from the Project Earth Observation for Sustainable Development (EO4SD)-Marine Resources. The results thus show significant concentrations of spills along the Ivorian coasts, especially in areas close to the oil infrastructures at-49dB in 2018, -48.9 dB in 2019,-57 dB in 2020, -48 dB in 2021,-46 dB in 2022,-48 dB in 2023. These values are low and reflect oil spills. They reduce the Radar backscatter coefficient because of their smoothing effect on the surface of the water. In addition, the spread of flowing hydrocarbons spilled to an east-west preferential direction that is to say from Assinie to Jacqueville. These results highlight the need to improve preventive measures and strengthen environmental policies to reduce the impacts of spills on marine ecosystems. This work opens the way to future research prospects, in particular the automation of the detection of oil spills using artificial intelligence models and the extension of the study to other regions of West Africa. This study is therefore a contribution to environmental monitoring and management of hydrocarbon pollution risks in Côte d'Ivoire.
Abstract: This research work aims to analyze hydrocarbon spills along the Ivorian coasts using geospatial techniques. The objective is to geolocate oil spills that occurred from 2018 to 2023 on the Ivorian coast using radar images. These images, available and downloadable from the Copernicus site, processed in ESA SNAP software, have made it possible to dete...
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