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Estimation of Discharge Using LS-SVM and Model Trees
V. G. Sayagavi,
Shrikant Charhate,
Rajendra Magar
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, December 2016
Pages:
78-86
Received:
28 August 2016
Accepted:
13 October 2016
Published:
7 November 2016
Abstract: In planning and management of any water resource systems prediction or estimation of runoff over the catchment is considered as a crucial factor. Many researchers over the past two decades addressed these problems by traditional methods as well as with some new techniques. This paper is describable and is focused on the capability of some data driven techniques such as Least Square Support Vector Machines (LS-SVM) and Model Trees with M5 algorithm. These methods were used to estimate runoff of various stations in the catchment area in Upper Krishna basin, Maharashtra State, India, and discussed here two stations namely Shigaon and Gudhe. The specialty of these catchment areas is Shigaon has large area and Gudhe has small area. This was done to see the model performance in both conditions. Additionally metrological data was used in the process to see the performance of models. The quantitative analysis was carried out to check the performance of the accuracy by considering standard statistical performance evaluation metrics and the scatter plots are drawn for evaluating qualitative performances of the developed models. The effect of the various metrological parameters as an input parameter for the rainfall was also investigated.The performance of both the tools was judged with various performance measures and it is found that the results are quite encouraging. LS-SVM models performed better since it has captured all the higher peak discharges for both catchments, indicating LS-SVM is best suited for large sized catchments and MT tool is best suited for the smaller sized catchments. However LS-SVM performance is better as compared to MT as modeling approaches are examined, using the long-term observations of yearly river flow discharges.
Abstract: In planning and management of any water resource systems prediction or estimation of runoff over the catchment is considered as a crucial factor. Many researchers over the past two decades addressed these problems by traditional methods as well as with some new techniques. This paper is describable and is focused on the capability of some data driv...
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A Comparison Study of Seawater Dissolved Oxygen Using Dynamic Changes Prediction Models
Wang Cao,
Jingya Sun,
M. V. Subrahmanyam,
Feng Gui
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, December 2016
Pages:
87-92
Received:
11 October 2016
Accepted:
20 October 2016
Published:
18 November 2016
Abstract: Dissolved oxygen (DO) is a key water quality parameter and dynamic change prediction of water quality can provide a necessary assistance to solve the marine pollution problem. In this study, DO concentration data were collected from the buoy near Aoshan Island, Zhoushan, China. Based on DO concentration analysis, three prediction model were established, which includes Grey prediction model (GM (1,1)), back propagation(BP) neural network prediction model and the combination of GM-BP neural network prediction model. All three models have high fitting degree and the average relative error for each model is 9.1482%, 1.8940% and 0.2195% respectively. Hence, the combination of GM-BP neural network prediction model has highest accuracy than BP neural network prediction modeland GM (1,1) prediction model.Combination of prediction model has more advantages than a single prediction model and it is possible to improve the accuracy of prediction for better results.
Abstract: Dissolved oxygen (DO) is a key water quality parameter and dynamic change prediction of water quality can provide a necessary assistance to solve the marine pollution problem. In this study, DO concentration data were collected from the buoy near Aoshan Island, Zhoushan, China. Based on DO concentration analysis, three prediction model were establi...
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Vertical Water Velocity Distribution Using Fine Different Sediment Concentrations in Circular Open Channel
Mohamed Gamal Mohamed Abdalla
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, December 2016
Pages:
93-103
Received:
22 October 2016
Accepted:
1 November 2016
Published:
16 December 2016
Abstract: The effect of fine different sediment concentrations on velocity distribution in open circular pipe was experimentally studied. An "ADV"(Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter) instrument was used for measuring the velocity distribution at the centerline of channel. Three different sediment concentrations of 1000 gm, 1500 gm and 2000 gm were added to the input upstream tank of the used channel with dimensions of 67.5 cm × 154 cm × 25 cm (0.26 m3). To find out separately the final concentrations of suspended load and bed load, a trap was designed at the end of the channel. Three water depths were used 11 cm, 13 cm and 15 cm to give depth-diameter ratios of 0.55, 0.65 and 0.75. A maximum discharge of 1.50 lit. /sec was used. From this experimental research the time of each run that used to separate between bed and suspended loads was three hours. After that, (after three hours from starting run), the "ADV" instrument was used to measure the distribution of water velocity. The run was repeated for all total load sediment concentrations and for the three depth-diameter ratios mentioned before to separate the bed load and suspended load. From the analysis, it was concluded that with the increasing of suspended load, the water velocity decreases obviously. The increasing of water depth causes the increase of bed load and the decrease in suspended load concentrations. Different polynomial equations were deduced, at the centerline only, to study the effect of run time and water depth-diameter ratio on bed load quantity by weight.
Abstract: The effect of fine different sediment concentrations on velocity distribution in open circular pipe was experimentally studied. An "ADV"(Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter) instrument was used for measuring the velocity distribution at the centerline of channel. Three different sediment concentrations of 1000 gm, 1500 gm and 2000 gm were added to the inp...
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Evolution of the Sahelian Coastal Water Table Under the Influence of Anti-salt Dam, in Salt Leaching Process
Bama Nati Aïssata Delphine,
Bado Boubié Vincent,
Soussou Sambou,
Faye Serigne,
Lompo François,
Gaye Cheikh Becaye
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, December 2016
Pages:
104-107
Received:
4 November 2016
Accepted:
25 November 2016
Published:
3 January 2017
Abstract: In the sahelian coastal areas, most lowlands are threatened nowadays by the risk of salinization due to climate change. Given the scale of this soil’s degradation, several actions have been undertaken including anti-salt dam. Therefore, the objective of this work was to understand the impact of these dams on the fluctuation of ground water during wet season. The study has been conducted in 2011, in two lowlands, in the Sine Saloum area, in Senegal. Thirty piezometers have been installed in each lowland, in order to follow the evolution of the water table. The dynamics of this water table during the year is strongly correlated with rainfall, evapotranspiration, runoff, infiltration and standing water in the reservoir. We noticed that the salt leaching process by anti-salt dam strongly affects the process of infiltration and discharge of the water table.
Abstract: In the sahelian coastal areas, most lowlands are threatened nowadays by the risk of salinization due to climate change. Given the scale of this soil’s degradation, several actions have been undertaken including anti-salt dam. Therefore, the objective of this work was to understand the impact of these dams on the fluctuation of ground water during w...
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Dam Break Analysis Using HEC-RAS and HEC-GeoRAS – A Case Study of Ajwa Reservoir
Pushkar Sharma,
Sanskriti Mujumdar
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, December 2016
Pages:
108-113
Received:
5 September 2016
Accepted:
15 October 2016
Published:
10 January 2017
Abstract: The paper initially describes about the details of the Ajwa Dam and further about the scenario of breaking of Ajwa Dam. The Ajwa Reservoir is located 20 km north-east of Vadodara city with waste weir and outlet works. The major reason of Vadodara being flooded in heavy rains is due to the release of water from Ajwa Reservoir. The attempt is made to study the disaster effect in the event of breaking of Ajwa Dam. Software ArcGIS, HEC-GeoRAS and HEC-RAS are used for the dam break analysis. Prediction of outflow hydrograph at various river station is generated with the help of USACE Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System software i.e. HEC-RAS. Maximum water surface elevation, velocity in the channel and discharge for a particular station of river in the downstream is described as a result of dam break. Floodplain inundation map is generated for the downstream tail reach.
Abstract: The paper initially describes about the details of the Ajwa Dam and further about the scenario of breaking of Ajwa Dam. The Ajwa Reservoir is located 20 km north-east of Vadodara city with waste weir and outlet works. The major reason of Vadodara being flooded in heavy rains is due to the release of water from Ajwa Reservoir. The attempt is made to...
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Effect of Corrugated Rough Bed Channels on Sediment Transport Processes
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, December 2016
Pages:
114-121
Received:
1 January 2017
Accepted:
13 January 2017
Published:
3 February 2017
Abstract: In the present research, the effect rough corrugated bed channels on the sediment transport and of the flow passes is studied. Hypothetically, four scenarios of bed cases are tested. In the first case, using large eddy simulation, LES, an investigation of smooth bed is performed for ReT equals 395 (number of Reynolds calculated using the mean friction velocities at wall). The other three corrugated sinusoidal bed shape cases are assumed with different amplitudes and constant wavelengths. An eddy viscosity model which is adapted to wall is applied in this research; while the subgrid scale quantity is depend on the hypothesis gradient. A comparison between data of Cherukat et al. [5] obtained from Direct Numerical Simulation, DNS, and the data measured by Hudson et al. [11] with the corresponding computed flow is done. Then, wavy sinusoidal bed shape case is considered. From this study, it was found that the flow is affect strongly by the bed corrugations and the sediment transport is more sensitive for the larger heights of bed corrugations. Also, it is proved that the Rouse theory could be applied clearly in outer zone of the corrugated bed. It is explained generally in this paper that the profiles of turbulent Schmidt number are not affected by the height of corrugation.
Abstract: In the present research, the effect rough corrugated bed channels on the sediment transport and of the flow passes is studied. Hypothetically, four scenarios of bed cases are tested. In the first case, using large eddy simulation, LES, an investigation of smooth bed is performed for ReT equals 395 (number of Reynolds calculated using the mean frict...
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