Building Resilient Ecosystem and Diversifying Livelihood to Enhance Food Security in Chiro Woreda, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Najib Umer,
Mufedei Mohammed,
Husen Yusuf
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 1, March 2019
Pages:
1-6
Received:
24 December 2018
Accepted:
16 February 2019
Published:
22 April 2019
Abstract: In Ethiopia, famine is not strange. For the past forty years or so, the country has experienced recurring drought that has wiped out crops across the country. Agricultural activities, which hold the lion share of the economy, takes place in often highly degraded and vulnerable environments where there is substantial loss of vegetation, associated erosion and declining soil fertility. Moreover, huge demand for natural capital including biomass fuels exacerbates environmental degradation and affects food production. Unless inclusive response to the ongoing problem is initiated, there are concerns that the progresses that have been made in protecting the livelihoods of the poorest people in rural areas will be undermine the country’s gains in poverty reduction. To this end, the project “Integrate Landscape Management to Enhance Food Security in Ethiopia” was initiated by UNDP. It is five years project implemented by federal ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate change in six regions and specifically in two woredas of each region. Chiro woreda is one of the areas selected as project sites from Oromia regional state, Ethiopia. From the total kebeles found in woreda five were selected for the project. All relevant woreda and kebeles stockholder were participated to indentify local community problems and decide the specific interventions to enhance the objective of the project. Accordingly, the survey result has identified the potentials of the woreda to enhance food security and environmental benefits.
Abstract: In Ethiopia, famine is not strange. For the past forty years or so, the country has experienced recurring drought that has wiped out crops across the country. Agricultural activities, which hold the lion share of the economy, takes place in often highly degraded and vulnerable environments where there is substantial loss of vegetation, associated e...
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Carbon Sequestration Potentiality of Pinus roxburghii Forest in Makawanpur District of Nepal
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 1, March 2019
Pages:
7-12
Received:
2 April 2019
Accepted:
21 May 2019
Published:
11 June 2019
Abstract: Estimation of total carbon stock in any forest is very important as it provides ecological as well as economic benefits through various environmental services. The study was carried out to quantify the vegetation and soil carbon stock of natural Chirpine (Pinus roxburghii) forest of in sub-tropical region of Makawanpur district, Nepal. The inventory of estimating above and below ground biomass of forest was carried out using stratified random sampling method Forest biomass was calculated using standard allometric models. Soil samples were taken from soil profile up to 40 cm depth at the interval of 20 cm. Walkey and Black method (1934) was used for measuring soil organic carbon. Total amount of carbon stock in Pinus roxburghii forest was 213.05 t/ha with above ground carbon stock 140. 56 t/ha, below ground carbon stock 27.14 t/ha and soil organic carbon 45.35 t/ha respectively. Total carbon stock in Pinus roxburghii forest was composed of 66% for above ground, 21% by the soil and 13% by below ground. The study concluded that forest types and soil play an important role on total carbon sequestration. Hence, the goal of reducing carbon sources and increasing the carbon sink can be achieved efficiently by protecting and conserving the carbon pools in existing forests ecosystem.
Abstract: Estimation of total carbon stock in any forest is very important as it provides ecological as well as economic benefits through various environmental services. The study was carried out to quantify the vegetation and soil carbon stock of natural Chirpine (Pinus roxburghii) forest of in sub-tropical region of Makawanpur district, Nepal. The inventor...
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Trace and Macro Elements Bioaccumulation in the Muscle and Liver Tissues of Alburnus chalcoides from the South Caspian Sea and Potential Human Health Risk Assessment
Masoud Sattari,
Javid Imanpour Namin,
Mehdi Bibak,
Mohammad Forouhar Vajargah,
Caterina Faggio,
Marzieh Soroush Haddad
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 1, March 2019
Pages:
13-20
Received:
21 March 2019
Accepted:
6 May 2019
Published:
13 June 2019
Abstract: Danube bleak Alburnus chalcoides (Güldenstädt, 1772) is a commercially important fish species in the southern part of the Caspian Sea. However, little is known about the concentrations of trace element (TE) in its muscles. To address the issue, we caught 77 A. chalcoides specimens at three different fishing regions (including Astara, Anzali, Kiashahr) of the southern shoreline of the Caspian Sea from September 2017 through June 2018. An inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was used to measure element concentrations in fish muscle and liver tissues. In the case of liver, 27 elements were detected. So that, 9 elements including Ag, Ba, Be, Ce, Co, Sc, U, V and Y which were not detected in liver. In the case of muscle tissue, 22 elements were detected and 14 elements including Ag, Ba, Be, Bi, Cd, Ce, Co, La, Li, Sc, U, V, W and Y. The element values in the muscle of A. chalcoides were significantly lower (p<0.05) than the maximum permitted levels suggested by International standards.
Abstract: Danube bleak Alburnus chalcoides (Güldenstädt, 1772) is a commercially important fish species in the southern part of the Caspian Sea. However, little is known about the concentrations of trace element (TE) in its muscles. To address the issue, we caught 77 A. chalcoides specimens at three different fishing regions (including Astara, Anzali, Kiasha...
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