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Assessment of Prolactin Level Among Chronic Renal Failure Patients in Khartoum State
Mohammed Yagoub Mohammed Adam,
Amar Mohamed Ismail
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, June 2019
Pages:
1-4
Received:
3 November 2018
Accepted:
21 December 2018
Published:
21 January 2019
Abstract: Prolactin (PRL) is a protein produced in the lactotroph cells of the anterior pituitary gland. It’s like growth hormone increases in sleep, stress, pregnancy and Chest wall stimulation or trauma. Prolactin production can be stimulated by the hypothalamic peptides, thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a major prevalent disease worldwide associated with low grade systemic inflammation that influences individuals to higher incidence of atherosclerotic complications. Both prolactin clearance and production are altered in CKD. The aim of the current work was to assess the serum prolactin level in Renal Failure or chronic kidney disease in order to acquainting endocrinologists with information of hyperprolactinemia in renal failure. This is a descriptive and practical study, conducted at different dialysis’s centers in Khartoum state during May to October 2014. 106 patents (different ages) with symptoms of renal frailer had been selected for the study. 106 samples collected from patient in dialysis center to confirm that renal failure patient associated with hyperprolactinemia by collection 89 patient samples(60were males and 29 were females) and 17 controls, from different person with varies ages from 18 up to 50 years. In this study, samples of patients that the cause of their renal failure is hypertension were rejected. From the collected data, a descriptive and statistical analysis wascarried out, the histograms which include means, standard deviation and correlation coefficient. All the results give an idea that hyperprolactinemia exist renal failure patients. The results concluded that the prevalence of renal failure is higher in male by 2 fold, chronic renal failure significantly not change in prolactin level, whereas chronic renal failure female patients have higher prolactin level than male. The results of prolactin showed that there was insignificant different in main prolactin level of patient compared with control group that hyperprolactinemia exist in renal failure patients.
Abstract: Prolactin (PRL) is a protein produced in the lactotroph cells of the anterior pituitary gland. It’s like growth hormone increases in sleep, stress, pregnancy and Chest wall stimulation or trauma. Prolactin production can be stimulated by the hypothalamic peptides, thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). Chronic...
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Significance of Renal Perfusion Angiography and Biochemical Indicators in Early Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy
Huiping Liang,
Tingting Lu,
Huaying Liu,
Lili Tan,
Li Li,
Xiaojun Tang
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, June 2019
Pages:
5-9
Received:
5 November 2018
Accepted:
14 December 2018
Published:
21 January 2019
Abstract: Background: Although there are many biochemical indicators to reflect changes in renal function, but these indicators can not reflect renal damage timely and accurately. Renal microcirculation changes can not be reflected also. This study amied at evaluate significance of renal perfusion angiography and the indexes of relevant biochemical in early diagnosis of type 2 diabetic nephropathy. Methods: 30 I-III T2DN patients (DN group) and 25 healthy volunteers (control group) were studied, and both of groups were performed renal perfusion CT angiography imaging examination. Biochemical indexes, which are fasting blood glucose (FBG), urinary albumin excretion rate (UAE), 24 h urine protein quantitation (UPQ), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr), Cystatin C(Cys C), random albumin to creatinine ratio(ACR), were measured in both of groups, then simplified MDRD (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease) and Cys C equation were used to calculate the Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate(eGFR). double-renal perfusion contrast scanning in both of groups were also conducted to obtain data of double renal blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), mean transit time (MTT), and permeability surface (PS) for statistical analysis. Results: The indexes of BF, MTT and FBG, UAE, 24 h UPQ, ACR, Cys C, eGFR were found to have relative strong correlation and statistical significance (P<0.05). BF was shown the negative correlation with those indexes, however MTT had positive correlation with them. The area under ROC (receiver operating characteristic curve), were more than 0.9 for UAE, ACR, NF, and MTT, and it indicate that these indexes have relatively positive effect on the early diagnosis of the DN. For 24 h UPQ, cysteine C, eGFR and BV value, the area Under the curve are between 0.7 and 0.9, which indicates that diagnosis using those index for the disease were accuracy. Thus, the above indexes have better diagnostic efficiency compared to Scr, BUN and eGFR. Conclusion: The biochemical indexes such as UAE, ACR and renal perfusion indexes such as BF and MTT can be applied in the early predicative diagnosis and DN screening. Its diagnosis effect is better than other biochemical indexes.
Abstract: Background: Although there are many biochemical indicators to reflect changes in renal function, but these indicators can not reflect renal damage timely and accurately. Renal microcirculation changes can not be reflected also. This study amied at evaluate significance of renal perfusion angiography and the indexes of relevant biochemical in early ...
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Large Academic Hospital Laboratory Investigates a Major Pre-Analytical Challenge in Africa and Developing Countries
Ernest Philani Buthelezi,
Florence Marule,
Bahule Nimrod Motlonye,
Ntsoaki Mopane,
Tshepo Rakhothule,
Donald Moshen Tanyanyiwa
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, June 2019
Pages:
10-18
Received:
20 December 2018
Accepted:
20 January 2019
Published:
7 February 2019
Abstract: Background: Delay in serum separation from red blood cells in samples collected from most primary healthcare facilities and transported to a laboratory for analysis is of great concern. Standard guidelines state that serum or plasma should be separated from cells within 2 hours of collection. The aim was to determine effects of delayed sample separation on measured biochemical analytes. The objective was to store blood samples in primary collection tubes at 20-25°C post venesection, then separate, and analyse samples of selected analytes. Methods: Multiple sample tubes of whole blood were collected from one of the authors volunteer, and subjected to time delays in centrifugation. The baseline serum was separated from red blood cells within 30 minutes of post venesection to allow adequate coagulation. Twenty analytes were studied using 2 analytical platforms. Percentage variation and standard error method were used to evaluate time-dependent variability in analytes. Total change limit was used to measure significant changes within-run variability for both platforms. Results: Most analytes were stable up to day 3 to 4 on both platforms. Serum CO2, CL, Ca, ALT and ALB were stable up to 8 days when they were measured on Cobas 8000®. BUN, TRIG, TB, CHOL, AST, ALT and ALB were stable up to 10 days on Dimension® CCS. K showed significant changes at 2h on both platforms at initial measurements. It was out-of-range at day 10 on Dimension® CCS. Serum creatinine levels showed substantial changes at day 2 on Dimension® analyzer and on Cobas 8000® at day 3. Conclusions: The study showed stability of wide range of serum analytes at 20-25°C for several days. The acceptable results can be achieved if samples are centrifuged the same day and analyzed later for most of biochemical analytes.
Abstract: Background: Delay in serum separation from red blood cells in samples collected from most primary healthcare facilities and transported to a laboratory for analysis is of great concern. Standard guidelines state that serum or plasma should be separated from cells within 2 hours of collection. The aim was to determine effects of delayed sample separ...
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Epidemiology of Otomycosis at the Military Hospital Avicenne of Marrakech (Morocco)
Zohair Ait Ouzdi,
Yassine Ahroui,
Yassin Zemrani,
Youssef Darouassi,
Haddou Ammar,
El Mostafa El Mezouari,
Redouane Moutaj
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, June 2019
Pages:
19-22
Received:
20 June 2019
Accepted:
11 July 2019
Published:
18 September 2019
Abstract: Otomycosis is a fungal infection mainly affecting the outer ear, but can spread to the in nerear and become severe. The disease can cause a serious damage for its recurrence and resistance to treatment. The purpose of this work is to determine the prevalence of otomycosis in first place, then in second place to specify the contributing factors and to describe the spectrum of fungi involved. We conducted a prospective study over a period of 6 months between March 2018 and August 2018 in laboratory of parasitology and mycology at the Military Hospital Avicenna of Marrakech. Fore ach patient we performed an atrial sampling with sterile swabs. A direct examination and culture on Sabouraud-Chloramphenicol media with and without cycloheximide were carried out. The identification of fungi was based on the macroscopic, microscopic and phenotypic characteristics of colonies. Our study included 67 patients, of which 28 were positive, giving an overall prevalence of 41% with female predominance. The average age of our patients was 40 years old. Many factors enhanced the otomycosis, the daily cleaning of the external ear canal was the most recurrent factor (46%), followed by frequent bathing (35%). The most common species were Aspergillus niger (46%), Aspergillus flavus (35%), and Candida albicans (17%). This study demonstrates the importance of otomycosis in the etiologies of otitis in our population. The management of these infections must include a mycological study in order to establish an antifungal therapy adapted to the pathogen.
Abstract: Otomycosis is a fungal infection mainly affecting the outer ear, but can spread to the in nerear and become severe. The disease can cause a serious damage for its recurrence and resistance to treatment. The purpose of this work is to determine the prevalence of otomycosis in first place, then in second place to specify the contributing factors and ...
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