Assessment of Prolactin Level Among Chronic Renal Failure Patients in Khartoum State

Mohammed Yagoub Mohammed Adam; Amar Mohamed Ismail

doi:doi:10.11648/j.plm.20190301.11

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Assessment of Prolactin Level Among Chronic Renal Failure Patients in Khartoum State

Mohammed Yagoub Mohammed Adam, Amar Mohamed Ismail

Published in Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Volume 3, Issue 1)

Received: 3 November 2018 Accepted: 21 December 2018 Published: 21 January 2019

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Abstract

Prolactin (PRL) is a protein produced in the lactotroph cells of the anterior pituitary gland. It’s like growth hormone increases in sleep, stress, pregnancy and Chest wall stimulation or trauma. Prolactin production can be stimulated by the hypothalamic peptides, thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a major prevalent disease worldwide associated with low grade systemic inflammation that influences individuals to higher incidence of atherosclerotic complications. Both prolactin clearance and production are altered in CKD. The aim of the current work was to assess the serum prolactin level in Renal Failure or chronic kidney disease in order to acquainting endocrinologists with information of hyperprolactinemia in renal failure. This is a descriptive and practical study, conducted at different dialysis’s centers in Khartoum state during May to October 2014. 106 patents (different ages) with symptoms of renal frailer had been selected for the study. 106 samples collected from patient in dialysis center to confirm that renal failure patient associated with hyperprolactinemia by collection 89 patient samples(60were males and 29 were females) and 17 controls, from different person with varies ages from 18 up to 50 years. In this study, samples of patients that the cause of their renal failure is hypertension were rejected. From the collected data, a descriptive and statistical analysis wascarried out, the histograms which include means, standard deviation and correlation coefficient. All the results give an idea that hyperprolactinemia exist renal failure patients. The results concluded that the prevalence of renal failure is higher in male by 2 fold, chronic renal failure significantly not change in prolactin level, whereas chronic renal failure female patients have higher prolactin level than male. The results of prolactin showed that there was insignificant different in main prolactin level of patient compared with control group that hyperprolactinemia exist in renal failure patients.

Published in	Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Volume 3, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.plm.20190301.11
Page(s)	1-4
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Creatinine, Chronic Renal Failure, ELISA, EIA, Prolactin, Urea

References

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[2]	KDIGO. Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes. KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for the Diagnosis, Evaluation, Prevention, and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder CKD-MBD PDF. Kidney Int., 2009, 76 (Suppl 113).
[3]	Vianna HR, Soares CMBM, Tavares MS, Teixeira MM, Silva ACS. Inflammation in chronic kidney disease: The role of cytokines. Brazilian Journal of Nephrology. Vol. 33, No. 3, 2011, pp. 351-364.
[4]	Murray MD, Black PK, Kuzmick DD, Haag KM, Manatunga AK, Mullin MA, Hall SD, Barter DC. Acute and chronic effects of NSAIDS on GFR in elderly patients. Am J Med Sci. vol. 310, 1995, pp. 188-97.
[5]	Hou SH, Grossman S, Molitch ME. Hyperprolactinemia in patientswith renal insufficiency and chronic renal failure requiringhemodialysis or chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Am J Kidney Dis. Vol. 6, No. 4, 1985, pp. 245-9.
[6]	Emin M. Akbas, Adem Gungor, Cigdem Ozdemir, HabibBilen. Extremely High Prolactine Level for a Medication Induced Hyperprolactinemia. Eurasian J Med vol. 45, 2013, pp. 138-40.
[7]	Nagel, T. C., N. Freinkel, R. H. Bell, H. Friesen, J. F. Wilber, and B. E. Metzger, Gynecomastia, prolactin and other peptide hormones in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis, J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Vol. 36, No. 3, Mar 1973, pp. 428-32.
[8]	Freeman, R. M., Lawton R. L., and Fearing, M. O. Gynecomastia: An endocrinologic complication of hemodialysis. Ann Intern Med. Vol. 69, No. 1, Jul 1968, pp. 67-72.
[9]	Holt RI. Medical Causes and Consequences of Hyperprolactinemia. A context for psychiatrists. J Psychopharmacol, Vol. 22, 2008, pp. 28-37.
[10]	IsamHamoMahmood, Ahmed Jasim Al-Husaynei, Shatha Hani Mohamad Comparative Effects of Bromocriptine and Cabergolineon Serum Prolactin Levels, Liverand Kidney Function Tests in Hyperprolactinemic Women. Pak J Med Sci., Vol. 26, No. 2, April - June 2010, pp. 255-260.
[11]	Hyperprolactinemia and infertility: new insights. Hyperprolactinemia and infertility: new insights. J Clin Invest. Vol. 122, No. 10, Oct 2012, pp. 3467–3468.
[12]	Schlechte J. A. Clinical practice. Prolactinoma. N Engl J Med. Vol. 349, No. 21, Nov 2003, pp. 2035-41.
[13]	Rodger RSC, Dewar JH, Turner SJ, Wastson MJ, WardMK. Anterior Pituitary disfunction in patient with chronic renal failure treated by hemodialysis or continues ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Nephron Vol. 43, 1986, pp. 169-172.
[14]	MoczulskiD., Zukowska-Szczechowska W, Grzeszczak W, Gumbrecht J, Liszka M, Snit M, Gawron J. Effect of opiate receptor blockade with naloxone on prolactin (PRL) secretion in patient with diabetes type 1 (IDDM) with chronic renal failure treated with Hemodialysis (HD). Pol Arch Med Wewn, Vol. 96, 1996, pp. 132-142.

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APA Style

Mohammed Yagoub Mohammed Adam, Amar Mohamed Ismail. (2019). Assessment of Prolactin Level Among Chronic Renal Failure Patients in Khartoum State. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 3(1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20190301.11

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ACS Style

Mohammed Yagoub Mohammed Adam; Amar Mohamed Ismail. Assessment of Prolactin Level Among Chronic Renal Failure Patients in Khartoum State. Pathol. Lab. Med. 2019, 3(1), 1-4. doi: 10.11648/j.plm.20190301.11

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AMA Style

Mohammed Yagoub Mohammed Adam, Amar Mohamed Ismail. Assessment of Prolactin Level Among Chronic Renal Failure Patients in Khartoum State. Pathol Lab Med. 2019;3(1):1-4. doi: 10.11648/j.plm.20190301.11

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@article{10.11648/j.plm.20190301.11,
  author = {Mohammed Yagoub Mohammed Adam and Amar Mohamed Ismail},
  title = {Assessment of Prolactin Level Among Chronic Renal Failure Patients in Khartoum State},
  journal = {Pathology and Laboratory Medicine},
  volume = {3},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-4},
  doi = {10.11648/j.plm.20190301.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20190301.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.plm.20190301.11},
  abstract = {Prolactin (PRL) is a protein produced in the lactotroph cells of the anterior pituitary gland. It’s like growth hormone increases in sleep, stress, pregnancy and Chest wall stimulation or trauma. Prolactin production can be stimulated by the hypothalamic peptides, thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a major prevalent disease worldwide associated with low grade systemic inflammation that influences individuals to higher incidence of atherosclerotic complications. Both prolactin clearance and production are altered in CKD. The aim of the current work was to assess the serum prolactin level in Renal Failure or chronic kidney disease in order to acquainting endocrinologists with information of hyperprolactinemia in renal failure. This is a descriptive and practical study, conducted at different dialysis’s centers in Khartoum state during May to October 2014. 106 patents (different ages) with symptoms of renal frailer had been selected for the study. 106 samples collected from patient in dialysis center to confirm that renal failure patient associated with hyperprolactinemia by collection 89 patient samples(60were males and 29 were females) and 17 controls, from different person with varies ages from 18 up to 50 years. In this study, samples of patients that the cause of their renal failure is hypertension were rejected. From the collected data, a descriptive and statistical analysis wascarried out, the histograms which include means, standard deviation and correlation coefficient. All the results give an idea that hyperprolactinemia exist renal failure patients. The results concluded that the prevalence of renal failure is higher in male by 2 fold, chronic renal failure significantly not change in prolactin level, whereas chronic renal failure female patients have higher prolactin level than male. The results of prolactin showed that there was insignificant different in main prolactin level of patient compared with control group that hyperprolactinemia exist in renal failure patients.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Assessment of Prolactin Level Among Chronic Renal Failure Patients in Khartoum State
AU - Mohammed Yagoub Mohammed Adam
AU - Amar Mohamed Ismail
Y1 - 2019/01/21
PY - 2019
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20190301.11
DO - 10.11648/j.plm.20190301.11
T2 - Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
JF - Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
JO - Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
SP - 1
EP - 4
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2640-4478
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20190301.11
AB - Prolactin (PRL) is a protein produced in the lactotroph cells of the anterior pituitary gland. It’s like growth hormone increases in sleep, stress, pregnancy and Chest wall stimulation or trauma. Prolactin production can be stimulated by the hypothalamic peptides, thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a major prevalent disease worldwide associated with low grade systemic inflammation that influences individuals to higher incidence of atherosclerotic complications. Both prolactin clearance and production are altered in CKD. The aim of the current work was to assess the serum prolactin level in Renal Failure or chronic kidney disease in order to acquainting endocrinologists with information of hyperprolactinemia in renal failure. This is a descriptive and practical study, conducted at different dialysis’s centers in Khartoum state during May to October 2014. 106 patents (different ages) with symptoms of renal frailer had been selected for the study. 106 samples collected from patient in dialysis center to confirm that renal failure patient associated with hyperprolactinemia by collection 89 patient samples(60were males and 29 were females) and 17 controls, from different person with varies ages from 18 up to 50 years. In this study, samples of patients that the cause of their renal failure is hypertension were rejected. From the collected data, a descriptive and statistical analysis wascarried out, the histograms which include means, standard deviation and correlation coefficient. All the results give an idea that hyperprolactinemia exist renal failure patients. The results concluded that the prevalence of renal failure is higher in male by 2 fold, chronic renal failure significantly not change in prolactin level, whereas chronic renal failure female patients have higher prolactin level than male. The results of prolactin showed that there was insignificant different in main prolactin level of patient compared with control group that hyperprolactinemia exist in renal failure patients.
VL - 3
IS - 1
ER -

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Author Information

Mohammed Yagoub Mohammed Adam

Faculty of Clinical Laboratory, Alneelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
Amar Mohamed Ismail

Faculty of Clinical Laboratory, Alneelain University, Khartoum, Sudan

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APA Style

Mohammed Yagoub Mohammed Adam, Amar Mohamed Ismail. (2019). Assessment of Prolactin Level Among Chronic Renal Failure Patients in Khartoum State. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 3(1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20190301.11

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ACS Style

Mohammed Yagoub Mohammed Adam; Amar Mohamed Ismail. Assessment of Prolactin Level Among Chronic Renal Failure Patients in Khartoum State. Pathol. Lab. Med. 2019, 3(1), 1-4. doi: 10.11648/j.plm.20190301.11

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AMA Style

Mohammed Yagoub Mohammed Adam, Amar Mohamed Ismail. Assessment of Prolactin Level Among Chronic Renal Failure Patients in Khartoum State. Pathol Lab Med. 2019;3(1):1-4. doi: 10.11648/j.plm.20190301.11

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@article{10.11648/j.plm.20190301.11,
  author = {Mohammed Yagoub Mohammed Adam and Amar Mohamed Ismail},
  title = {Assessment of Prolactin Level Among Chronic Renal Failure Patients in Khartoum State},
  journal = {Pathology and Laboratory Medicine},
  volume = {3},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-4},
  doi = {10.11648/j.plm.20190301.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20190301.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.plm.20190301.11},
  abstract = {Prolactin (PRL) is a protein produced in the lactotroph cells of the anterior pituitary gland. It’s like growth hormone increases in sleep, stress, pregnancy and Chest wall stimulation or trauma. Prolactin production can be stimulated by the hypothalamic peptides, thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a major prevalent disease worldwide associated with low grade systemic inflammation that influences individuals to higher incidence of atherosclerotic complications. Both prolactin clearance and production are altered in CKD. The aim of the current work was to assess the serum prolactin level in Renal Failure or chronic kidney disease in order to acquainting endocrinologists with information of hyperprolactinemia in renal failure. This is a descriptive and practical study, conducted at different dialysis’s centers in Khartoum state during May to October 2014. 106 patents (different ages) with symptoms of renal frailer had been selected for the study. 106 samples collected from patient in dialysis center to confirm that renal failure patient associated with hyperprolactinemia by collection 89 patient samples(60were males and 29 were females) and 17 controls, from different person with varies ages from 18 up to 50 years. In this study, samples of patients that the cause of their renal failure is hypertension were rejected. From the collected data, a descriptive and statistical analysis wascarried out, the histograms which include means, standard deviation and correlation coefficient. All the results give an idea that hyperprolactinemia exist renal failure patients. The results concluded that the prevalence of renal failure is higher in male by 2 fold, chronic renal failure significantly not change in prolactin level, whereas chronic renal failure female patients have higher prolactin level than male. The results of prolactin showed that there was insignificant different in main prolactin level of patient compared with control group that hyperprolactinemia exist in renal failure patients.},
 year = {2019}
}

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