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Status of Youth Participation in Governance in Kenya: A Case of Tharaka-Nithi County
Nzioka John,
Lumadede Japheth,
Vengi Ambrose
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
114-121
Received:
28 May 2022
Accepted:
13 June 2022
Published:
5 July 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.jppa.20220603.11
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Abstract: Youth involvement in governance in Kenya is an issue of great concern because there have been claims that they are not engaged adequately yet they constitute the greatest percentage of the population. This study sought to investigate the status of their involvement in the country, and specifically in Tharaka Nithi County. The study will be guided by the Positive Youth Development Theory which focuses on young people’s capabilities and potentialities with an aim of influencing positive behaviours and attitudes through daily engagements. The study used a concurrent triangulation mixed method research design. In this design, the researchers conducted both quantitative and qualitative data collection phases simultaneously, then analyzes the results. Intepretation and analysis of the data was conducted using the Hoteling T Test. The findings of the research were: that majority of the respondents (more males as compared to females) admitted to have participated in governance processes for an average of three years, they had recieved some training on governance and understood its mechanisms, and that these trainings are open for all and frequently attended by youths, members of the civic society and local administrators in each of the subcounties where the study was conducted. This notwithsatnding, the youth are not suffiiently engaged in education about decision making processes by government agencies, rather, literacy on govrnance and civic matters was attained through trainings, mostly by the private sector. This research recommends that the government should be more involved in these trainings and make relevant information easily accessible to the youth and any other person who may need to access it. Finally, the drafting and implementation of governance policies should be done when all members of the society, especially the youth, are involved in all processes.
Abstract: Youth involvement in governance in Kenya is an issue of great concern because there have been claims that they are not engaged adequately yet they constitute the greatest percentage of the population. This study sought to investigate the status of their involvement in the country, and specifically in Tharaka Nithi County. The study will be guided b...
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Questioning the Success of Canada’s 1995-2005 Austerity Measures
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
122-134
Received:
23 June 2022
Accepted:
12 July 2022
Published:
20 July 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.jppa.20220603.12
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Abstract: Much has been written about how Canada successfully conquered its budgetary crisis in the 1990s. Indeed, significant deficits and mounting debt quickly turned into large budgetary surpluses and a reduction in debt within a few short years. Missing in these accounts are the factors that led to the federal government implementing an austerity agenda and the impact the austerity agenda had on Canada’s subnational governments—provinces and local governments. Our objective is to examine these factors. In doing so, we argue that Canada faced a critical juncture in the 1990s when a window of opportunity presented itself for action to be taken. As we find, this was due to the confluence of three factors: agreement in problem definition, agreement in policies for what to do, and the desire of decision makers to respond to the fiscal situation. Yet, the federal government’s success at taming its deficit and debt subsequently hampered the ability of subnational governments to act and placed the non-profit sector in a precarious position. We conclude that ideas, individuals, and institutions matter, and the historical context largely dictates how they matter. Insights for the current financial challenges as we emerge from the COVID-19 pandemic are offered.
Abstract: Much has been written about how Canada successfully conquered its budgetary crisis in the 1990s. Indeed, significant deficits and mounting debt quickly turned into large budgetary surpluses and a reduction in debt within a few short years. Missing in these accounts are the factors that led to the federal government implementing an austerity agenda ...
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Diplomatic Democracy as an Important Means of the Governance in the Modern Society
Artemenko Antonina Ivanivna
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
135-138
Received:
8 March 2022
Accepted:
24 March 2022
Published:
4 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.jppa.20220603.13
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Abstract: The article deals with analyzing of the diplomatic democracy of the governance. Modern society needs modern governance which must be diplomatic to organize the life of the people and the society. It is analyzed different types of democracy which provides freedom for the people and their choice of opportunities and forms of behavior and activities, thoughts and actions where the diplomatic democracy is the most important one. Governance diplomacy occurs at all levels of communication when the country communicates with other countries forming its own potential, consciousness, worldview. The use of diplomatic democracy of the governance of the modern society focuses on people and their life. The tasks of governance of modern society are limited of bureaucratized world. Diplomatic democracy is a separate component of governance that is able to influence the public opinion. Governance has to change the management process improving its structure and functions according to the principles of the diplomatic democracy. And using diplomatic instruments can help to develop democratic society with developed economy. We can acknowledge that economic decisions of the governance control political choices. The major political factor influencing diplomacy is the relative decline of the role of the governance. The diplomatic democracy of the governance has to include the competitive creatures.
Abstract: The article deals with analyzing of the diplomatic democracy of the governance. Modern society needs modern governance which must be diplomatic to organize the life of the people and the society. It is analyzed different types of democracy which provides freedom for the people and their choice of opportunities and forms of behavior and activities, ...
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Case Study Evaluation of Organisational Performance Measurement Implementation in a Non-acute Health Charity
Richard Colbran,
Robyn Ramsden,
Genevieve Pepin,
John Toumbourou,
Karen Stagnitti
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
139-150
Received:
13 July 2022
Accepted:
6 August 2022
Published:
17 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.jppa.20220603.14
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Abstract: There is community and stakeholder expectation that health charities should be well governed and held accountable. Non-acute health charities are both not-for-profit organisations and health service providers. Organisational Performance Measurement (OPM) is recognised as being a key instrument to enable success and even survival in the modern business world, yet it is under-utilised by non-acute health charities. NCPI Framework was developed to encourage OPM uptake by the sector. A case study evaluation using convergent parallel mixed methods research design evaluated the effectiveness of an NCPI Framework informed twelve-month implementation plan to introduce OPM in a non-acute health charity. Measures were put in place to manage risks of consistency, replicability and bias in using a case study method. Pre and post quantitative (74% and 64% response rates) and qualitative research (24% response rate) were utilised as part of the case study evaluation. The qualitative and quantitative findings complimented each other, and the qualitative data provided further insights into participant perspectives. The quantitative data results allow for the study’s hypothesis to be accepted and the null hypothesis to be confidently rejected. The implementation of the twelve-month OPM implementation plan informed by the NCPI Framework positively impacted the introduction of OPM to the case study organisation. Further, the study results conclusively demonstrate a significant improvement in the utility and usability of OPM in the case study organisation. This is the first evaluation of its kind for this sector. The non-acute health charities sector under-utilises or under-reports OPM and prior to this study an evidence-informed method for OPM implementation has not existed for the sector. The NCPI Framework is the first OPM implementation tool for the sector and was found to have positively impacted the introduction of OPM to the case study organisation and was found to be useful in terms of both utility (amount of user satisfaction) and usability (ease of the system’s functionality). The Framework could now be used by Boards and executive leaders in the sector to enhance their organisation’s governance standards, accountability and performance.
Abstract: There is community and stakeholder expectation that health charities should be well governed and held accountable. Non-acute health charities are both not-for-profit organisations and health service providers. Organisational Performance Measurement (OPM) is recognised as being a key instrument to enable success and even survival in the modern busin...
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Social Determinants for COVID-19 Infection Among Minorities in the United States
Felicitas Yari Aquegho,
Godswill Bobuin Katchoua,
Jarrett Landor,
Sarah Arrey,
Carine Abiranjoh Abam
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
151-154
Received:
28 July 2022
Accepted:
23 August 2022
Published:
14 September 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.jppa.20220603.15
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Abstract: According to recent data from the CDC, the majority of those impacted by COVID-19 in the US are minorities. Many leading health experts point to underlying medical conditions, including heart disease and diabetes, as one major explanation for why minority populations are seeing high incidence and death from COVID-19. In this study, we examine and assess the social determinants that contribute to minorities’ high incidence of contracting the virus in the US. Overtime, research has revealed that poverty, quality of life, income and low socioeconomic conditions among minorities are major risk factors for health inequalities. Minorities form a major part of low-income earners in the US and their lifestyle makes them vulnerable to infectious diseases such as COVID-19. Knowing preexisting conditions and understanding the social factors that play a major role in contracting COVID-19 among minorities can help reduce spread of the virus. Understanding the social-economic factors affecting disadvantaged populations during a pandemic will help the United States government and others to better plan and manage health crisis so every citizen gets the care that they deserve. This research is a qualitative systematic review and we used search engines such as Google scholar, Scopus, PubMed Research gate for the literature.
Abstract: According to recent data from the CDC, the majority of those impacted by COVID-19 in the US are minorities. Many leading health experts point to underlying medical conditions, including heart disease and diabetes, as one major explanation for why minority populations are seeing high incidence and death from COVID-19. In this study, we examine and a...
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