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Effect of Exchange Rate on Trade Balance in Major East African Countries: Evidence from Panel Cointegration
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
95-104
Received:
25 September 2017
Accepted:
26 October 2017
Published:
20 November 2017
Abstract: This paper attempts an empirical investigation of the impact of exchange rate devaluation on major east African countries trade balance using the panel co-integration and panel group fully modified least square estimation technique from 1990-2014. Whether exchange rate devaluation improves or worsens trade balance has been at the centre of literature debate over time with varying empirical evidences for developed and developing nation. The results indicate that there exist a long-run stationary relationship between trade balance and its determinant- foreign and domestic income, nominal exchange rate as employed in the study. The research major findings include; nominal exchange rate induces inelastic and significant relation on trade balance in the long run. From this, the paper concludes that the trade balance deteriorate with increasing depreciation of exchange rate (as a value effect in east African countries). Again, it found that the coefficient of domestic income is negative and significant implying that the booming of real domestic income increases the purchasing power of their household to import more resulting trade deficit in the long run. Moreover the paper found that inelastic coefficient of nominal exchange rate in line with the theoretical Marshall-Lerner condition i.e. “the demand for import and export is inelastic then devaluation would further increase the trade deficit” [21]. Therefore based on the empirical findings the researcher recommends that the policy maker of these countries should take emphasis not to devaluate exchange rate more and selecting countries with higher income to make import and export elastic and improve trade balance in the long run.
Abstract: This paper attempts an empirical investigation of the impact of exchange rate devaluation on major east African countries trade balance using the panel co-integration and panel group fully modified least square estimation technique from 1990-2014. Whether exchange rate devaluation improves or worsens trade balance has been at the centre of literatu...
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Financial Inclusion Through Insurance & Pension Schemes
Miryala Shekar,
Sabada Veeramani
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
105-112
Received:
27 September 2017
Accepted:
27 October 2017
Published:
23 November 2017
Abstract: The concept of Financial Inclusion is not a new one, which has become a catchphrase now and has attracted the global attention in the recent decades. Lack of accessible, affordable and appropriate financial services has always been a global problem. In this digital era, the banking sector has grown up tremendously but even in 21st century, less-than 2/3rd of the house hold in the India has access to banking facilities. Exclusion of large no of community from any access to financial services inhibits the growth of the country and there is evidence that financial Inclusion is crucial to eradicate poverty & financial untouchability. From the learning of past schemes, the Humble Prime Minister of India: Mr. Namenda Mode has taken a forward steps on Financial Inclusion as one of the top most priority project of the Indian government. In this regard, the following several public welfare schemes for inclusive finance through insurance & pension schemes have been introduced since 2014 onwards. This research paper aims at briefly addressing the status of financial inclusion in India through insurance & pension schemes (PMJDY, PMJJBY, PMSBY, PMFBY&APY) since 2014. The data gathered from the primary & secondary sources and descriptive & analytical methodology have been adopted for the data presentation. In order to draw the inferences, all the condensed data being presented in two-way tabular form with cross-sectional comparative analysis have been applied by using SPSS6.0.
Abstract: The concept of Financial Inclusion is not a new one, which has become a catchphrase now and has attracted the global attention in the recent decades. Lack of accessible, affordable and appropriate financial services has always been a global problem. In this digital era, the banking sector has grown up tremendously but even in 21st century, less-tha...
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Assessing the Effect of Waiting Times on Restaurant Service Delivery in the Ho Municipality, Ghana
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
113-119
Received:
6 February 2017
Accepted:
15 June 2017
Published:
25 November 2017
Abstract: This study seeks to establish the effect of waiting times on restaurant service delivery in the Ho Municipality, Ghana. Specifically, to assess the wait time experienced and expected by customers during four different periods of the customer’s total time of engaging the restaurant services. A descriptive, cross-sectional survey was conducted among 50 purposively customers of restaurant services. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were computed during the analysis of the data using both SPSS and Microsoft Excel. Results show that the average waiting time under all the sub sections measured exceeds the average waiting time customers actually want to do. This is not good for customers as they want a cut down on the amount of time spent waiting from the period of entering the restaurant to the point of exiting. It is confidently concluded that customers are not satisfied with the long waiting times spent in the restaurant. This could affect total satisfaction of the customers. Also, server behaviors are good with the personality traits of the servers being ranked highest followed by the job related attributes. Request related attributes were the least ranked. It was thus, recommended that management and employees should work hard at reducing the waiting times at each level of the service process since customers are dissatisfied with the excessive waiting times. Most customers would prefer not spending more than five minutes at each stage of the service process hence management should seriously consider activities that will help reduce the waiting time. Furthermore, management should equally put in place some measures that will prevent customers from feeling bored during the period of waiting.
Abstract: This study seeks to establish the effect of waiting times on restaurant service delivery in the Ho Municipality, Ghana. Specifically, to assess the wait time experienced and expected by customers during four different periods of the customer’s total time of engaging the restaurant services. A descriptive, cross-sectional survey was conducted among ...
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Mapping the Causes of Time, Cost Overruns and Quality Shortfall in Egyptian Public Highway Projects
Ahmed Yousry Akal,
Ahmed Ebrahim Abu El-Maaty,
Saad El-Hamrawy
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
120-126
Received:
5 October 2017
Accepted:
28 October 2017
Published:
25 November 2017
Abstract: Transportation infrastructure development specifically public highway projects remains a major tool for achieving the aspirations of the newly introduced economic principles of the Government of Egypt. However, the importance of this industry and its impact on the national economy, concerns are raised frequently on the poor performances of these projects in terms of time, cost, and quality which directly subjected the construction of these projects to schedule delay, cost overrun, and quality shortfall problems. The main objective of the current study is to identify the causal causes of theses overruns in the public highway projects in Egypt. Using a detailed literature review and questionnaire surveys, the results of the study confirmed the prevalence of schedule delay, cost escalation, and quality shortfall in public highway projects in Egypt. Furthermore, the study establishes that contractor’s technical staff is insufficient and ineligible to accomplish the project, lack of communication between the construction parties, and unavailability of experienced staff in the owner’s and contractor’s teams during the project execution are the major factors responsible for causing schedule delay, cost overrun, and quality shortfall respectively. In addition, recommendations for avoiding and overcoming the negative implications of these factors on the performance of the public highway projects in Egypt have been emphasized.
Abstract: Transportation infrastructure development specifically public highway projects remains a major tool for achieving the aspirations of the newly introduced economic principles of the Government of Egypt. However, the importance of this industry and its impact on the national economy, concerns are raised frequently on the poor performances of these pr...
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The University Patent Evaluation System Model and Application Countermeasures
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
127-133
Received:
15 November 2017
Accepted:
11 December 2017
Published:
26 December 2017
Abstract: With the number of patents continue to accumulate, the problem of patent management, such as more rights, short maintenance and low transfer rate, are becoming more and more prominent. In order to revitalize the university patent and improve the management efficiency effectively, it is urgent to construct university patent evaluation system. This paper is based on the patent value analysis index system designed by the China Technology Exchange, taking creative evaluation, patent evaluation and evaluation system reform as the basic path and with the direction of Innovation oriented transformation, and then the university patent evaluation system was constructed, afterwards the application of evaluation system is discussed with the object of the creative, teacher and student patent management. Under the current Chinese situation, patent evaluation system is beneficial to cultivate innovative atmosphere and enhance the quality of innovation, it also plays an important supporting role in the maintenance and operation of patent rights and the innovation management of students.
Abstract: With the number of patents continue to accumulate, the problem of patent management, such as more rights, short maintenance and low transfer rate, are becoming more and more prominent. In order to revitalize the university patent and improve the management efficiency effectively, it is urgent to construct university patent evaluation system. This p...
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Comparative Analysis of the Industrial Patent Competition Situation—Take Xiamen as an Example
Dan Li,
Hen Tang,
Long Cheng
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2017
Pages:
134-142
Received:
22 November 2017
Accepted:
27 December 2017
Published:
11 January 2018
Abstract: The global development of regional industry becomes more transparent because of the economic globalization. The development and reform of industrial technology caused by big data analysis makes industries more predictable. Based on the core issue of "patent thicket", this paper constructs an analysis framework of the competitive situation of industrial patents and carries out empirical research, taking Xiamen city as an example, basing on Jiangsu province, Guangdong province and Shenzhen city and with the aid of WIPO "industry - technology" matching table. It shows that compared with the advanced provinces and cities, Xiamen’s competitiveness of industrial patent is relatively weak. Most of them are in the state of technological precursor monopoly and exploration of weak competitive technology. Based on the results of case analysis, the paper puts forward setting up the periodic monitoring mechanism of the competitive situation of industrial patents, rationally arranging incentive policies and paying attention to industry development, so as to ensure measures such as the monitoring quality of competitive situation of industrial patents to promote industrial innovation and development.
Abstract: The global development of regional industry becomes more transparent because of the economic globalization. The development and reform of industrial technology caused by big data analysis makes industries more predictable. Based on the core issue of "patent thicket", this paper constructs an analysis framework of the competitive situation of indust...
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