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Monitoring of Emission of Ammonia, Hydrogen Sulfide, Nitrogen Oxide and Carbon Dioxide from Pig House
Amin Kalantarifard,
Eun-Song Byeon,
Yeo-Woon Ki,
Go Su Yang
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 3, June 2013
Pages:
78-83
Received:
18 May 2013
Published:
10 June 2013
Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the concentration level of ammonia (NH3), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and carbon dioxide (CO2) in two different fattening pig houses operated with slatted floor and straw flow system. The field study was performed for three day. One large-scale pig house with capacity of 230 pigs operate with deep litter manure system under the fully slatted floor and one small-scale pig feeding operation with capacity of 200 pigs operated by scraper and straw flow system, located at the Iksan city, South Korea, were investigated in this study. Average emissions of gases on the slatted floor pig house measured were 59.8-70.5 ppm NH3, 0.048-0.78 ppm H2S, 453.1-650.8 ppm CO2 and 0.21-0.68 ppm N2O while the concentrations of these gases at straw flow pig house were determined as 28.17-42.53 ppm NH3, 0.11-0.43 ppm N2O, 0.018-0.043 ppm H2S, 400.2-498.3 ppm CO2. In general, result of H2S, CO2, N2O and NH3 emissions from the straw flow system were lower than values for fully slatted floor systems.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the concentration level of ammonia (NH3), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and carbon dioxide (CO2) in two different fattening pig houses operated with slatted floor and straw flow system. The field study was performed for three day. One large-scale pig house with capacity of 230 pigs operate with ...
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Monitoring and Analysis of Tabuk Sewage TreatmentPlant
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 3, June 2013
Pages:
84-90
Received:
29 April 2013
Published:
20 June 2013
Abstract: The increasing need for water in the arid areas of the world has resulted in the emergence of wastewater application for agriculture and landscape. This study aims to determine the mechanism and the functioning of waste water purification plant in the city of Tabuk, and see if the water was purified by the station impacted positively on the environment surrounding human beings, as well as determine if we can re-use the treated water in the various human uses. The objective of this research was to establish the operational parameters of Influent and effluent such as temperature, pH, TSS, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), TN, TP, and oil & grease (O&G). Three years of data (2010-2012) were manually collected at both the inlet and outlet. The results indicated that the pH was in between 6.213 to 7.493. Municipal wastewater showed that the TSS, BOD and COD were within the Saudi standards.It was revealed from the performance study that efficiency of the treatment plant was good with respect to removal of parameters like total suspended solids, BOD and COD. The overall performance of the wastewater treatment plant effectively removed TC, FC, and FS. The treated effluent can be safely discharged or it can be reused for irrigation of a fodder crops, golf course, green way, parks, for landscaping and for groundwater recharge. This work has confirmed that, the plant efficiency is comparable to that of other Saudi’s wastewater plants using the same or different type of biological treatment. Finally, based on this analysis, we proceed to identify niches in which wastewater reuse could be increased.
Abstract: The increasing need for water in the arid areas of the world has resulted in the emergence of wastewater application for agriculture and landscape. This study aims to determine the mechanism and the functioning of waste water purification plant in the city of Tabuk, and see if the water was purified by the station impacted positively on the environ...
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Seedling Mortality in Quercus Leucotrichophora A. Camus, Pinus Roxburghii D. Don and Shorea Robusta Gaertn Forest of Kumaun Himalaya, India.
Sanjay Kumar,
Lalit M. Tewari
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 3, June 2013
Pages:
91-94
Received:
25 May 2013
Published:
20 June 2013
Abstract: The studies on plant demography hold a considerable significance in plant ecology. Natural regeneration of different plant species through seeds depend primarily upon seed production, germination capacity of seeds and successful establishment of seedling. Successful regeneration of tree species might be considered to be a function of three major components; ability to initiate new seedlings, ability of seedlings and saplings to survive and ability of seedlings and saplings to grow. Several environmental stresses are known to affect the seedling growth but water stress isbelieved to be a major one. The canopy density and soil conditions also affect the growth of seedling.This study comprises three study sites located at29o 22’ N latitudes and 79o 29’ E longitudes along an elevation transect of 350 – 2500 m in Kumaun Himalaya. This region has certain characteristic climatic features. Though it falls under sub-tropical latitude, the abrupt rise in mountains creates a temperature comparable to that of a temperate climate. The seedling dynamics were studied at sal forest, banj oak forest and chir pine forest. For the computation of seedling mortalityand other characteristics, 2x2m permanent quadrats wereestablished in sal, chir-pine and banj oak forest. A total of 12 quadrats were placed in the stand (3 quadrats in each site). To record the mortality of the seedlings, all the seedlings of the year 2008 present in twelve quadrats in each forest were tagged. Their mortality was observed monthly from January 2009 – December 2009. Results show that mortality was very low (20%) at sal forest as compared to banj oak forest (25%) and chir pine forest (35%). The chir pine forest was heavily affected by human disturbance. So the seedling population was more affected if compared to two other sites. Since the biotic stress was negligible there was very little mortality during the study period in banj oak and sal forest suggesting that if biotic stress and natural disturbance is minimum, the rapid regeneration of Q. leucotrichophora and S. robusta would be possible.Current study provides information on the seedling dynamics in three forests types in the Kumaun Himalaya. Results show seedling mortality was very low (20%) at sal forest if compared to banj oak forest (25%) and chir pine forest (35%) so the rapid regeneration of Q. leucotrichophora and S. robusta would be possible.
Abstract: The studies on plant demography hold a considerable significance in plant ecology. Natural regeneration of different plant species through seeds depend primarily upon seed production, germination capacity of seeds and successful establishment of seedling. Successful regeneration of tree species might be considered to be a function of three major co...
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Cyclone “MOHASEN” Monitored Using Remote Sensing Technology
Suraiya Begum,
Mehrun Nessa,
Md. Saheb Ali
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 3, June 2013
Pages:
95-98
Received:
30 May 2013
Published:
10 July 2013
Abstract: Cyclones occur in Bangladesh almost every year and loses lives and properties which hamper the sustainable development. They are usually formed in the deep seas and hence their studies are very difficult. Space Technology provides valuable information about them and helpful for such conducts. Meteorological satellites are the main sources of information which allow monitoring the formation, development and movement of tropical cyclones. Methodology suggested by D’Vorak is very useful for tropical cyclone analysis which provides cyclone intensity called T-number and corresponding maximum sustained wind speed of the cyclone as well as the pressure around it. Cyclone MOHASEN was initially formed as a low in the Bay near Andaman’s at the 2nd week of May, 2013 and gradually intensified into Cyclonic storm MOHASEN afterwards. It was moving towards north –west direction at the primary stage very slowly and north -westward rapidly in the final stage towards Bangladesh coast. It was gradually intensified but not significantly. The pick was found on 15 May,2013. The intensity i.e, the T number of the cyclone was then found as T 2.5 / T3.0 .The corresponding max sustained wind speed was then 70-80km./hr. Cyclone MOHASEN then made landfall on Bangladesh coast near Borguna –Potuakhali on 16 May,2013 at the morning. It was weakened after hitting the land due to frictional force and battering the area with heavy rain and strong winds. It made the wave propagated over 6 to 7 ft high .The formation, duration and evolution of the cyclone was monitored at SPARRSO ground station mainly using the hourly basis data obtained from MTSAT-1 and FY-2D/E Geo-stationary satellites. The imageries were analyzed using Vimsat, Gmsoft and Dvorak’s algorithm to find out the location, intensification and to observe the movement of the cyclone necessary for early warning and preparedness towards sustainable development of the country. In this paper, monitoring of Cyclone “MOASEN”, formed in the West part of Bay of Bengal /North Indian Ocean in 2013, has been conducted through remote sensing technology.
Abstract: Cyclones occur in Bangladesh almost every year and loses lives and properties which hamper the sustainable development. They are usually formed in the deep seas and hence their studies are very difficult. Space Technology provides valuable information about them and helpful for such conducts. Meteorological satellites are the main sources of infor...
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Biochemical Responses of Capsicum Annum Under Cadmium Stress
Hima Ramachandran,
Salom Gnana Thanga Vincent
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 3, June 2013
Pages:
99-104
Received:
16 June 2013
Published:
20 July 2013
Abstract: A pot culture study was carried out to assess the antioxidant activity, lipid peroxidation and DNA damage in Capsicum annum (L.) var. Vellayani athulya, under different cadmium concentrations applied as cadmium chloride salt (10mM, 20mM, 30mM, 40mM and 50mM). Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX), catalase (CAT) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were observed along with lipid peroxidation and DNA damage. Results showed significant changes in the activities of above antioxidants in test plants, compared to control. A significant increase in the activity of SOD, POX and decrease in the activities of CAT and GSH were observed up to 30mM concentrations. However, at 40mM concentration, the activity of antioxidants was observed to revert to the near normal, showing a sign of recovery which may be due to the inactivation of antioxidants in the presence of excess Cd. Further, in 50mM concentration, the activity of enzymes reversed to the initial condition, i.e either increased or decreased. Nevertheless, production of malondialdehyde, which is an indicator of lipid peroxidation, also showed the same pattern of change. The results of comet assay showed that the extent of DNA damage was greater in C. annum as the Cd concentration increased.
Abstract: A pot culture study was carried out to assess the antioxidant activity, lipid peroxidation and DNA damage in Capsicum annum (L.) var. Vellayani athulya, under different cadmium concentrations applied as cadmium chloride salt (10mM, 20mM, 30mM, 40mM and 50mM). Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX), catalase (CAT) and reduced glu...
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Assessment of Environmental Indicators on the Topolithosequence with a Particular Reference to Soil Developmemt in South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Zulkarnain Chairuddin,
Sumbangan Baja,
Kaimuddin,
Rahim Darma
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 3, June 2013
Pages:
105-110
Received:
30 May 2013
Published:
20 July 2013
Abstract: A study was carried out to assess environmental indicators and to investigate the role of soil mineralogy on the topolithosequence with a particular reference to soil development in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Soil profiles were selected based on the differences in altitude, slope gradient, and rock unit. The soil profiles can be respectively described as follows: P1 (140 meters above sea level, 20%, breksi and lava); P2 (60 meters above sea level, 15%, sedimentary rock); P3 (20 meters above sea level, 3%, alluvium sediment), and P4 (5 meters above sea level, 0%, alluvium sediment). In the identification of sand fraction mineral for each profile, minerals such as Garnet, Apatite, Olivine, Hornblende, Biotite, Feldspar, Muscovite, Quartz, Hematite, and Pyrite were found. The quartz mineral can be used as a topolithosequence indicators regarding soil development and its vulnerability against pedo-transfer functions. According to soil development, the profiles can be arranged as follow: P4 > P3 >P2 > P1. The X-ray diffractogram analysis of soil profiles indicates that the diffractogram peaks are 3.2; 3.4; 3.56; 9.9; 12.4; 14.5; 15.4; 16.8; and 17.7Ao which are identified as montmorillonite clay mineral, and the diffractogram peaks 7.2 and 10.1Ao are halloysite. Meanwhile, the diffractogram peaks 3.58, 3.59, and 7.15 Ao are identified as kaolinite. Each soil profile with its diffractogram peak signifies that all profiles have clay mineral montmorillonite, halloysite, and kaolinite, except for soil profile P1 only which has montmorillonite, and halloysite. Therefore, it could be concluded that P1 has experienced longer weathering than P2, P3, and P4, although it never leads to a soil development. The overall results of both sand fraction minerals and clay minerals signify that the soil development rate of each profile corresponds to altitude and slope. This eventually indicates that the weathering is transported in its lateral translocation nature, and reveals different types and levels of environmental indicators related to soil development.
Abstract: A study was carried out to assess environmental indicators and to investigate the role of soil mineralogy on the topolithosequence with a particular reference to soil development in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Soil profiles were selected based on the differences in altitude, slope gradient, and rock unit. The soil profiles can be respectively descri...
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