Flood Inundation Mapping and Risk Analysis Case of Finchaa Lake
Jiregna Nugusa Duressa,
Motuma Shiferaw Regasa
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
53-62
Received:
1 July 2021
Accepted:
27 July 2021
Published:
4 August 2021
Abstract: Mapping Flood inundation is used to inform that the flooding area and also used to guide the administrative to undertake control measurements of flood risks and also used for planning future investments. Some of structures affected by flooding are: crop land, roadways, cultivation land, cattle’s and the like. For this research work Hydraulic models (Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System, Geographical Information System tools and Hydrological Engineering Centers for Geographical river analysis system software’s were used for developing flood prone map for different return periods and flood risk analysis. This study is use to develop flood inundation map for flood risk management plan and it helps to give effective and urgent action plan for surrounding community that requires accurate prediction of inundation levels. The research outcome can be used to develop emergency action plan that minimize the flood risk of the area for the lakes based on the flood inundation map developed and used to inform the surrounding community the level of flood and its affect and the research finding will support other researchers to do other analysis over the lake. Geometric data were generated form the Google map using different models. The 100-year return period of annual average flood discharge and probable peak flood have been used for the calculation of hydraulic parameters. The flood risk assessment map delineated over 280 km2 shows that where shows very low land area of the lake were affected by flood and it is now important that the concerned body should take immediate measurements. The flood inundation prone area classifies the flooding area into high, medium and low risk areas and from the result the downstream both side of Finchaa Lake highly affected by the flooding. Therefore, the downstream area of the Lake needs immediate solutions by the concerned body, should take immediate action to mitigate such happening.
Abstract: Mapping Flood inundation is used to inform that the flooding area and also used to guide the administrative to undertake control measurements of flood risks and also used for planning future investments. Some of structures affected by flooding are: crop land, roadways, cultivation land, cattle’s and the like. For this research work Hydraulic models...
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Experimental Study of Population Variations on the Morphology and Reproduction of Daphnia galeata from Three Chinese Lakes
Yaqin Cao,
Huiying Qi,
Jun Li,
Kun Zhang,
Daogui Deng
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
63-69
Received:
24 July 2021
Accepted:
11 August 2021
Published:
26 August 2021
Abstract: Environmental heterogeneity affected the genetic differentiation and phenotypic plasticity of Daphnia spp. populations in different lakes. However, the effect mechanism of lake population on the morphology and reproduction of Daphnia spp. was still unclear. This paper studied the differences of the morphology and reproduction of D. galeata populations from three Chinese lakes (CH: Lake Chaohu, NH: Lake Nanhu, EH: Lake Erhai), which the area size, nutrient levels, phytoplankton biomass and dominant fish were obviously various in the three lakes. The results showed that lake population affected significantly the morphology (helmet length and tail spine length) and reproduction (no. offspring at first reproduction per female-1) of D. galeata. Both helmet lengths and tail spine lengths of three D. galeata populations increased quickly within the first five instars, and afterwards showed various patterns. Multiple comparisons indicated that helmet lengths of NH population were significantly higher than those in EH and CH populations (P<0.001) whereas tail spine lengths of NH population were significantly smaller than those in EH (P=0.001) and CH (P=0.003) populations. The ratio of relative helmet length of CH population was significantly shorter than those of EH population (P<0.001) and NH population (P<0.001), and the ratio of relative tail spine length at first pregnancy of EH population was significantly longer than those of CH population (P<0.001) and NH population (P<0.001). Moreover, there is four juvenile instars in EH population whereas there are three juvenile instars in CH and NH populations. With the increase of adult instars, the number of offspring produced by D. galeata in all three populations displayed a similar pattern, which increased quickly at first, and then gradually decreased. Average maximum number of offspring at first reproduction (6.3±1.4 ind. per female-1) appeared in CH population, followed by EH (5.2±1.7 ind. per female-1) and NH (4.9±1.4 ind.•per female-1) populations. The innate rate of increase of CH population was relatively higher than those of EH and NH populations, but no significant differences among three populations were observed. Our results suggested that environmental heterogeneity could affect the reproduction and morphological plasticity of Daphnia spp. in different lakes.
Abstract: Environmental heterogeneity affected the genetic differentiation and phenotypic plasticity of Daphnia spp. populations in different lakes. However, the effect mechanism of lake population on the morphology and reproduction of Daphnia spp. was still unclear. This paper studied the differences of the morphology and reproduction of D. galeata populati...
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Developing Knowledge, Attitude, Motivation, and Behavior of Farmers in Diversification of Farming Business Sustainable in Technical Irrigation in South Sulawesi
Faizal Amir,
Muhammad Ardi,
Bakhrani Abdul Rauf,
Haruna Haji Latang,
Yasdin,
Mithen Lullulangi
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
70-75
Received:
16 August 2021
Accepted:
26 August 2021
Published:
31 August 2021
Abstract: Technical irrigation is a very large state investment, to support the economy, especially in agrarian countries, namely to irrigate rice-producing fields as a source of staple food for the community, especially in Indonesia. Irrigated areas need to be maintained so that they provide the greatest benefit to farmers and the community in a sustainable manner. Farmers need knowledge, attitudes, motivation, and behavior to diversify farming, so that agricultural land can be planted with various kinds of farming that are profitable for farmers. Therefore, farmers need to be trained on: farming diversification, ecosystems of irrigated agricultural areas, conservation, the environment, and farming. This study aims to: (1) determine the knowledge, attitudes, motivation, and behavior of farmers to diversify their farming business in a sustainable manner in technical irrigation areas before and after experiments on ecosystems, environment, conservation, and farming; (2) determine the effect of experimentation on increasing knowledge, attitudes, motivation, and behavior of farmers to diversify farming in a sustainable manner in technical irrigation areas. This research is classified as an experimental research conducted in the technical irrigation area of South Sulawesi. The sample area is Rompegading Village as the experimental area, and Pattojo Village as the control area, selected by purposive sampling method. The samples of the experimental group and the control group were 25 farmers each, also selected by the purposive sampling method. The variables to be considered are: (1) knowledge, attitude, motivation, and behavior of farmers to diversify their farming business before and after being given an experiment; (2) the effect of experimentation on increasing knowledge, attitudes, motivation, and behavior of farmers to diversify their farming business., The experimental design used was the pretest-posttest control group design. The data analysis used is descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistical analysis. The inferential analysis model used is independent t test. The results showed that: (1) knowledge, attitudes, motivation, and behavior of farmers to diversify their farming business, in the experimental group and the control group before the experiment, were in the low category. After the experiment the experimental group increased and was in the high category, while the control group did not experience an increase; (2) experiments have a significant effect on increasing knowledge, attitudes, motivation, and behavior of farmers to diversify farming in a sustainable manner in technical irrigation areas.
Abstract: Technical irrigation is a very large state investment, to support the economy, especially in agrarian countries, namely to irrigate rice-producing fields as a source of staple food for the community, especially in Indonesia. Irrigated areas need to be maintained so that they provide the greatest benefit to farmers and the community in a sustainable...
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