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I-Stop® for Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence: High Satisfaction Rate and Low Morbidity
Melanie Crites-Bachert,
Bradley Loomis
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, December 2021
Pages:
58-63
Received:
15 June 2021
Accepted:
29 June 2021
Published:
9 July 2021
Abstract: Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate patient satisfaction and stress urinary incontinence (SUI) cure rates in females who underwent a midurethral I-Stop® sling insertion. It is well established in current literature that midurethral sling insertion is a highly efficacious treatment for female SUI. The challenge with sling insertion is to find a product that addresses SUI caused by both urethral hypermobility and intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD). Thus, this study aims to highlight the success of an I-Stop® midurethral slings for treatment of SUI in females with ISD and urethral hypermobility, while demonstrating low patient morbidity. Methods: Three hundred females who underwent midurethral I-Stop® sling insertion from August 2011 through December 2019 were included in this retrospective chart review. Females with diagnosed SUI and ISD were included in this study. Females with ISD underwent retropubic sling insertion approach while all other patients diagnosed with SUI underwent a transobturator (TO) approach. Patients scheduled follow-up visits 2-, 6-, 12-, and 24-weeks post-procedure and then yearly thereafter. Statistical analysis was completed with a paired t-test. Results: This retrospective review yielded 300 females who underwent sling insertion with a mean age of 66.6 years and median follow up of 37 months. Satisfaction rate was rated 4 or 5 on a 5-point Likert scale by 91.7% of patients, and SUI correction rate was 95%. Highest satisfaction rates were reported by patients in the 65–75-year-old age group. No statistical significance was identified between any of the variables analyzed with the exception of reported SUI after sling insertion and satisfaction rate, p=0.048. Nine patients (3.0%) required sling lysis secondary to inability to void or difficulty voiding resulting in elevated post-void residual values >200cc. Ten patients had sling exposure requiring revision. No vaginal, urethral, or vesical perforations, and no persistent pain post-procedure was reported. Conclusion: Midurethral I-Stop® sling insertion results in high patient satisfaction and SUI cure rates while maintaining low post-operative complications.
Abstract: Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate patient satisfaction and stress urinary incontinence (SUI) cure rates in females who underwent a midurethral I-Stop® sling insertion. It is well established in current literature that midurethral sling insertion is a highly efficacious treatment for female SUI. The challenge with sling inser...
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Characterizing the Medical Pertinence for the Indication of a Bone Scan by Urologists, in Patients with Prostate Cancer
Maria Camila Moreno Bencardino,
Andrea Camila Araujo,
Valeria Restrepo,
Juan Guillermo Catano,
Andres Felipe Gutierrez,
Jaime Andres Cajigas
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, December 2021
Pages:
64-69
Received:
8 July 2021
Accepted:
28 July 2021
Published:
11 August 2021
Abstract: Introduction: Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most frequently diagnosed tumor in men, and bone scan (BS) is one of the diagnostic images used for staging and follow-up. Precise indications for performing a BS exist and an overuse of this diagnostic modality is suspected. It is relevant to evaluate the medical pertinence when requesting a BS to promote self-regulation, protect the health system and reduce radiation doses. Methods: This is a descriptive, retrospective study. Medical records of patients with PC diagnosis were reviewed. We included patients evaluated by a urologic oncologist at the outpatient scenario, at San Ignacio Hospital, Bogotá, Colombia, in the second trimester of 2019. Epidemiological and staging data were recorded for each patient, as well as the number of BS requested, the type of BS performed, the PSA at the time of performance and the impact of the result on medical decisions. Clinical indications for requesting a BS were classified, according to RADAR III guidelines. An analysis was performed using Excel (measures of central tendency and frequency). Results: A total of 234 patients were evaluated (mean age: 74.47 years; mean follow-up time: 32.3 months). At least one BS was requested in 55% of patients (mean 1.54), with a total of 199 BS performed. The most frequent indication for a BS was PSA progression in patients with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (31%). 18% of the requested BS could have been omitted (inappropriate indication). The mean PSA at performance for BS that showed bone metastasis (33%) was 151.27ng/ml and 19.75ng/ml for those negative (67%). Medical behavior was not impacted by the result of any of the BS that didn´t have an appropriate indication according to the established guidelines, but it was affected by 85% of those correctly requested. Discussion and Conclusions: BS is a conventional image that it widely performed for the staging and follow-up of PC. There are precise indications according to the NCCN and RADAR III guidelines for performing one in a PC patient. It was observed that with some frequency it is requested unnecessarily, without having any impact on the clinical decisions for the patient. The relevance of medical self-regulation and knowledge of scientific evidence are highlighted to prevent unnecessary exposure to radiation, optimize the impact of the results of these tests on clinical behavior and protect the health system.
Abstract: Introduction: Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most frequently diagnosed tumor in men, and bone scan (BS) is one of the diagnostic images used for staging and follow-up. Precise indications for performing a BS exist and an overuse of this diagnostic modality is suspected. It is relevant to evaluate the medical pertinence when requesting a BS to p...
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Unusual Cause of Dysuria: A Large Primitive Retrovesical Hydatid Cyst
Richepin Tidahy,
Oussama Benabdelhak,
Ali Khayat,
Mustapha Ahsaini,
Soufiane Mellas,
Jalal Eddine El Ammari,
Mohammed Fadl Tazi,
Mohammed Jamal El Fassi,
Moulay Hassan Farih
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, December 2021
Pages:
70-73
Received:
27 July 2021
Accepted:
5 August 2021
Published:
23 August 2021
Abstract: Hydatidosis is endemic in Morocco. Pulmonary and hepatic localisations are the most frequent. The primary retrovesical location is exceptional. It is considered an “aberrant” or “ectopic” location and represents less than 1% of all cases of hydatid disease. Its diagnosis is sometimes difficult, requiring radiological and serological examinations. The aim of this case report is to present a specific management of a primitive retrovesical hydatid cyst and to compare it with the review of literature. We report an exceptional case of a large primary retrovesical hydatid cyst in a 45-year-old patient with no significant pathological history, of rural origin with a notion of contact with stray dogs. Symptoms are of late onset and represented essentially by voiding disorders associated with episodes of constipation and a feeling of heaviness. Abdominal and pelvic Ultrasound and CT scan identified a rounded, multivesicular retrovesical cystic mass. Because of the existence of intimate adhesions with neighboring organs, we opted for treatment with a partial cysto-pericystectomy. The post-operative follow up was without incident with a good long term evolution. There was no local recurrence and the patient did not complain of any urinary disorder. In order to reduce the incidence of hydatid disease in endemic countries, the best treatment remains primary prevention.
Abstract: Hydatidosis is endemic in Morocco. Pulmonary and hepatic localisations are the most frequent. The primary retrovesical location is exceptional. It is considered an “aberrant” or “ectopic” location and represents less than 1% of all cases of hydatid disease. Its diagnosis is sometimes difficult, requiring radiological and serological examinations. T...
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Cytoreductive Nephrectomy in Metastatic Kidney Cancer: Experience of the Urology Department at Aristide Le Dantec University Teaching Hospital
Boris Amougou,
Yaya Sow,
Arlette Dongmo,
David Douglas Banga Nkomo,
Jean Paul Engbang,
Theodore Sala Beyeme,
Joseph Fondop,
Demba Cisse,
Faustin Atemkeng,
Boubacar Fall,
Babacar Diao,
Abdoulaye Bobo Diallo,
Alain Khassim Ndoye,
Fru Angwafor III,
Mamadou Ba
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, December 2021
Pages:
74-79
Received:
3 August 2021
Accepted:
12 August 2021
Published:
23 August 2021
Abstract: In the management of metastatic kidney cancer, enlarged nephrectomy is part of a multimodal approach with systemic treatment. The lack of data on its place in the management of metastatic kidney cancer in Africa and particularly in Senegal motivated this study. Aim: to assess the place of cytoreductive nephrectomy in the management of metastatic kidney cancer in our daily practice. Patients and methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study from January 2010 to December 2014 on patients aged 18 years and over operated for metastatic kidney cancer. The variables studied were prognostic: Performance Status, tumor stage, sites and number of metastatic sites, prognosis group according to Heng's model, histological type and Furhman grade of the nephrectomy specimen, follow-up postoperative course and overall survival. Results: A total of 12 patients were included. The mean size of the largest axis of the tumors was 14.06±5.3 cm with extremes of 8.2 and 23.8 cm and the tumor was graded T3 in 6 cases. The majority of patients had a single metastatic site and the lung was the most common metastatic site in 9 cases. In half of the cases the ECOG-PS score was 1. In 6 cases the patients were classified in the Heng intermediate prognosis group. Lymph node dissection was associated with nephrectomy in 4 cases. Renal adenocarcinoma was the most common histologic type in 8 cases and Furhman's grade was only specified in 6 cases. The mean duration of follow-up was 10.1±13.4 months (range 1 and 39 months), overall survival at 2 years was poor and only 2 patients were alive 3 years and 4 years after their nephrectomy. Conclusion: metastatic kidney cancer is uncommon in our context, most of our patients consult with advanced stage tumors. Systemic treatment remains difficult for our populations to access. Nephrectomy remains the main weapon at our disposal.
Abstract: In the management of metastatic kidney cancer, enlarged nephrectomy is part of a multimodal approach with systemic treatment. The lack of data on its place in the management of metastatic kidney cancer in Africa and particularly in Senegal motivated this study. Aim: to assess the place of cytoreductive nephrectomy in the management of metastatic ki...
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Contribution of Urethrocystoscopy in the Diagnosis of Pathologies of the Lower Urinary Tract in the Urology Department of University Hospital Bocar Sidy SALL in Kati
Amadou Kassogue,
Idrissa Sissoko,
Philippe Togo,
Mamadou Lamine Diakite,
Moussa Salifou Diallo,
Daouda Sangare,
Salia Coulibaly,
Mamadou Soumaoro,
Salim Sissoko,
Mohamed Sylla,
Souleymane Keita,
Albacaye Sember,
Honore Berthe
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, December 2021
Pages:
80-83
Received:
12 August 2021
Accepted:
23 August 2021
Published:
31 August 2021
Abstract: Introduction: The objective of this study is to assess the contribution of urethrocystoscopy in the diagnosis of pathologies of the lower urinary tract. Patients and methods: This was a retrospective and descriptive study carried out in the urology department of the CHU Bocar Sidy Sall in Kati during the period from January 1, 2020 to May 31, 2021, i.e. 17 months. The parameters were: age, sex, indication, examination report. The media used for data collection were: the consultation register, the patient's file and the cystoscopy report register. 2% xylocaine gel local anesthesia has been used in most patients. Data were analyzed with SPSS software version 16.0. Result: We recorded 111 patients who performed urethrocystoscopy. The age group 51 and over was the most represented with 42.3%. The average age was 52 with extremes of 5 and 80. The male sex was in the majority with 77.5%. The indications were dominated by gross hematuria (72.1%). Out of a total of 86 male patients, prostatic hypertrophy was demonstrated in 31.39%. The bladder tumor was the most common pathology with 27.9%. Conclusion: Urethrocystoscopy has been of great benefit in the diagnosis of pathologies of the lower urinary tract. In a context of bilharzian endemia, its use is in great demand in any case of hematuria to support the diagnosis.
Abstract: Introduction: The objective of this study is to assess the contribution of urethrocystoscopy in the diagnosis of pathologies of the lower urinary tract. Patients and methods: This was a retrospective and descriptive study carried out in the urology department of the CHU Bocar Sidy Sall in Kati during the period from January 1, 2020 to May 31, 2021,...
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Endovascular Treatment of Major Vessels Percutaneous Nephrostomy Misplacement
Alicia Lopez-Fernandez,
Dario Vazquez-Martul,
Daniel Fraga-Manteiga,
Daniel Gulias-Soidan,
Venancio Chantada-Abal
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, December 2021
Pages:
84-87
Received:
2 August 2021
Accepted:
23 August 2021
Published:
31 August 2021
Abstract: Minimally invasive percutaneous treatment of urological diseases is daily increasing. Puncture, access to renal cavities and dilation the percutaneous tract is not a simple maneuver not free of complications. Percutaneous access of the kidney is sometimes mandatory such as drainage of distally obstructed kidneys in several situations like advanced tumors, stone-related situations and so others. Although the number of surgeries and the grade of specialization are rising, several complications like injuries to in-neighborhood organs, secondary sepsis or kidney bleeding may happen. The kidney is an extremely vascularized organ and this can facilitate vascular damage if some considerations are no taken into account previously. Major vessels (aorta artery and vena cava) damage is exceptional and generally require urgent surgery as in most penetrating injuries. A full endovascular treatment and repair in these situations is uncommon but possible. Initial misplacement of percutaneous nephrostomy tube (PNT) is not a frequent situation and when involving vessels, the small number of publications in literature mainly report catheter misplacement into the renal vessels or inferior vena cava, none affecting the aorta. This article presents two cases of misposition of PNT involving major vessels affecting vena cava and aorta artery. Both of them were successfully managed exclusively with endovascular treatment via femoral access.
Abstract: Minimally invasive percutaneous treatment of urological diseases is daily increasing. Puncture, access to renal cavities and dilation the percutaneous tract is not a simple maneuver not free of complications. Percutaneous access of the kidney is sometimes mandatory such as drainage of distally obstructed kidneys in several situations like advanced ...
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A Case Report of Renal Cell Carcinoma Associated with Xp11.2 Translocation/TFE-3 Gene Fusion
Sanhua Yan,
Jianli Xu,
Guangyao Li,
Xinlong Gen,
Yazhou Xue
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, December 2021
Pages:
88-90
Received:
19 July 2021
Accepted:
13 September 2021
Published:
23 September 2021
Abstract: Background: Renal cell carcinoma associated with Xp11.2 translocations/TFE3 gene fusion is characterized by the gene fusions between the TFE3, which is located on the chromosome Xp11.2 and a variety of fusion partners. It is a rare renal cancer, which usually has no specific clinical manifestations. The diagnosis mainly depends on imaging, histopathology, and immunohistochemical characteristics. In adults, the disease has a high degree of malignancy. Surgery is the preferred and radical cure for this type of kidney neoplasms. Objective: To further improve the understanding of renal cell carcinoma related to Xp11.2 translocation/TFE-3 gene fusion. Methods: A case of Xp11.2 translocation/TFE-3 gene fusion-related renal cell carcinoma was reviewed, and a systematic review of relevant literature was conducted to summarize and analyze the diagnosis and treatment progress of Xp11.2 translocation/TFE-3 gene fusion-related renal cell carcinoma. Results: Xp11.2 translocation/TFE-3 gene fusion-related renal cell carcinoma is a relatively rare renal malignant tumor. At present, its early diagnosis is still difficult, most of which are found to be advanced, and radiotherapy and chemotherapy are basically ineffective. Surgery is the main treatment method. Conclusion: For Xp11.2 translocation/TFE-3 gene fusion-related renal cell carcinoma, early diagnosis and early treatment are still the main methods to judge the prognosis, and the long-term prognostic effect still needs long-term follow-up.
Abstract: Background: Renal cell carcinoma associated with Xp11.2 translocations/TFE3 gene fusion is characterized by the gene fusions between the TFE3, which is located on the chromosome Xp11.2 and a variety of fusion partners. It is a rare renal cancer, which usually has no specific clinical manifestations. The diagnosis mainly depends on imaging, histopat...
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Transverse Testicular Ectopia in a Context of Persistence of the Peritoneo-vaginal Duct: A Case Report
Mamadou Lamine Diakite,
Boureima Ballo,
Amadou Kassogue,
Salia Coulibaly,
Daouda Sangare,
Ousmane Kone,
Honore Berthe,
Idrissa Sissoko,
Moussa Salifou Diallo,
Aly Tembely
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, December 2021
Pages:
91-93
Received:
7 October 2021
Accepted:
1 November 2021
Published:
12 November 2021
Abstract: True testicular ectopic represent 1% of testicular migration abnormalities. Transverse or crossed form is a very rare form of testicular ectopia. It is defined as an abnormal localization of both testicles in the same hemi-scrotum. Association of a persistence of vaginal process or a syndrome of persistence of the Müllerian canal is more commonand deserves to be underlined. The diagnosis is often intraoperative but can be facilitated by an ultrasound performed preoperatively. Before any case of testicular ectopy, notably an empty scrotum associated with an inguinal hernia, transverse testicular ectopy should be suspected. Orchiopexy in-dartos on both sides after a trans septal lowering of the testicle concerned is the rule. Currently with the development of laparoscopy, management can be performed by open surgery but also depending on the availability of the technical platform and the experience of the surgeon, laparoscopic treatment is possible. Transverse testicular ectopy is a rare form of testicular ectopy. the principle of the treatment consists in the lowering of the testicle in intra scrotum and the orchidopexy. Long-term follow-up of testicules should be systematic because risks of infertility and malignant degeneration exist and are multiplied respectively by six and eight compared to the rest of the population. We report a case, diagnosed in a secondary health center, and review the literature.
Abstract: True testicular ectopic represent 1% of testicular migration abnormalities. Transverse or crossed form is a very rare form of testicular ectopia. It is defined as an abnormal localization of both testicles in the same hemi-scrotum. Association of a persistence of vaginal process or a syndrome of persistence of the Müllerian canal is more commonand ...
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A Stereological Study of Key Histological Structures in the Kidneys of Rats from Young to Old Age
Dan Wang,
Yang Guo,
Yangyou Li,
Xiaohong Wen,
Zhengwei Yang
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, December 2021
Pages:
94-107
Received:
13 November 2021
Accepted:
29 November 2021
Published:
24 December 2021
Abstract: Quantitative (morphometric) study of the total amounts (per organ) and mean sizes of histological structures in individuals from young to old are essential for the understanding of age-related organ changes; stereological techniques are essential, reliable tools to obtain the quantitative data. Stereological study of all renal components, especially renal tubules, was lacking in age-related kidney studies and few studies used rats older than 24 months of age for a stereological analysis of the aging kidney. In the present study isotropic uniform random renal sections (methacrylate-embedded) were obtained from male Sprague-Dawley rats (89 per age-group) randomly sampled from a single cohort of normal animals at the ages of 3, 6, 12, 24 and 36 months, respectively. The sections were measured using various stereological methods to estimate the total amounts (per kidney) or mean sizes of key renal structures. The results demonstrated that the volume of kidney and the total volume or length of renal tubules increased continually from 3 to 24 months of age and then plateaued between 24 and 36 months of age. The total volume of renal corpuscles, glomeruli, Bowman’s space or interstitial tissue and the mean volume of renal corpuscles or glomeruli increased continually from 3 to 24 months and further until 36 months of age. The total number of glomeruli remained essentially constant and the relative volume of the cortex or medulla and the relative length of different segments of the renal tubules remained basically stable throughout the ages. Less than 5% of the renal corpuscular or tubular profiles were apparently atrophied at 24 or 36 months of age. The age-related results suggested that the rat renal tissues continued to develop adaptively or work actively, from young to old, to maintain normal physiological functions and the aging change in the kidney was primarily a compensatory or hypertrophic histological change.
Abstract: Quantitative (morphometric) study of the total amounts (per organ) and mean sizes of histological structures in individuals from young to old are essential for the understanding of age-related organ changes; stereological techniques are essential, reliable tools to obtain the quantitative data. Stereological study of all renal components, especiall...
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Adult Kidney Cancer: Epidemiology, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Aspects of Brazzaville University Hospital
Ondziel Opara Steve Aristide,
Ondongo Atipo Armel Melvin,
N’gotene-diembi Synclair,
Banga Mouss Roland Bertille,
Dimi Nyanga Yannick Ijosdi,
Odzébé Anani Wencesl Severin,
Bouya Prosper Alain,
Peko Jean Felix
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, December 2021
Pages:
108-112
Received:
17 November 2021
Accepted:
14 December 2021
Published:
24 December 2021
Abstract: Objective: to report epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted in the urology-Andrology Department of Brazzaville Hospital and University Center, from January 1, 2000, to December, 31, 2018. Results: Its overall incidence of kidney cancer was 1.4%. The mean age of the patients was 50,8±15.33 years with an H/F sex ratio of 1.3. Forty-seven patients were from Brazzaville and 12 patients from the rural area. There were 13 and nine (figure 1) among farmers and traders respectively. Three risk factors were found. These were tobacco in 57.14% of cases, HBP in 28.57% of cases and obesity in 14.29% of cases. Hematuria was the most common symptom in 49.1%. Kidney ultrasound (76.27%) coupled with the computer tomography scan (94.91%) made it possible to make the diagnosis. Expanded nephrectomy was performed in 55 patients (96.36%) with an under-capital approach. The average length of hospitalization was 9.6 days±4.15 with extremes of 5 to 21 days. Clear cell carcinoma (CCC) was the most common histological type in 75% of cases. In 6 months, survival was 81.3% and in 12 months 37.3%. Conclusion: Adult kidney cancer is an infrequent condition at the University Hospital of Brazzaville. Its diagnosis is made with the couple ultrasound/computer tomography scan; Expanded nephrectomy remains the reference treatment.
Abstract: Objective: to report epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted in the urology-Andrology Department of Brazzaville Hospital and University Center, from January 1, 2000, to December, 31, 2018. Results: Its overall incidence of kidney cancer was 1.4%. The mean age of the patient...
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Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for Intraoperative Tumor Contour Definition During Complex Partial Nephrectomy
Brendan Thomas Frainey,
Peace Ugonma Orji,
Christopher Coppa,
Steven Charles Campbell
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, December 2021
Pages:
113-117
Received:
29 November 2021
Accepted:
14 December 2021
Published:
24 December 2021
Abstract: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is an imaging modality that utilizes a non-nephrotoxic, intravascular microbubble agent to capture real-time perfusion of the target organ. CEUS has demonstrated utility for the evaluation and surveillance of indeterminate renal lesions in patients who are unable to receive conventional contrast agents, yet its potential utility in renal surgery remains poorly defined in the current literature. We present a series of 4 patients who underwent successful intraoperative CEUS during partial nephrectomy (PN) to help define renal mass contour and proximity to vascular structures in an attempt to optimize renal function after PN. All cases were endophytic with moderate-high complexity (R.E.N.A.L. scores>9). CEUS was safely performed in all cases providing excellent tumor contour definition. In one case, CEUS provided better visualization of tumor proximity within the hilum than conventional US, facilitating surgical resection and reconstruction. In another case, CEUS provided better definition of tumor contour, allowing wedge resection rather than heminephrectomy. Margins were negative in all cases. The average global renal function preserved following PN was 90%. While grey-scale US with color Doppler is usually sufficient for intraoperative tumor visualization, CEUS can be considered during PN for complex endophytic, infiltrative or hilar tumors where accurate delineation of tumor contour is critical.
Abstract: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is an imaging modality that utilizes a non-nephrotoxic, intravascular microbubble agent to capture real-time perfusion of the target organ. CEUS has demonstrated utility for the evaluation and surveillance of indeterminate renal lesions in patients who are unable to receive conventional contrast agents, yet its p...
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Clinical and Paraclinical Profile of Male Infertility in Two Hospitals in Low - Income Setting, Cameroon
Frantz Guy Epoupa Ngalle,
Landry Oriole Mbouche,
Axel Stephane Nwaha Makon,
Edouard Herve Moby Mpah,
Kelly Donfack,
Guy Sadeu Wafeu,
Charlotte Tchente Nguefack
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, December 2021
Pages:
118-122
Received:
28 November 2021
Accepted:
17 December 2021
Published:
29 December 2021
Abstract: Background: Male infertility has diverse aetiologies and contribute to more than 50% of infertility, but workup required for the diagnosis are not always available in low-income settings. Methods: We aimed to describe clinical and paraclinical profile of male infertility in low- and middle-income setting. This was a retrospective cross-sectional study in two urology referral hospitals, including consenting male partners of infertile couples. Sociodemographic, clinical and paraclinical (including semen analysis, ultrasound results and hormonal level) data were collected from patient’s records and interview. Qualitative and quantitative variables were described with corresponding statistics. Results: Overall 137 participants were included in this study with a mean age of 35.4±7.3 years. Erectile dysfunction (35%), and testicular pain (27.7%) were the most common symptoms. The most frequent abnormalities were asthenospermia, oligospermia, azoospermia and necrospermia found in 69.3%, 59.9%, 21.2% and 19.7% of subjects respectively. Normal value of testosterone, luteinizing hormone, Follicle Stimulating Hormone and prolactin values were found in more than half of participants on ultrasound analysis, varicocele was present in 58.9% of subjects and testicular hypotrophy in 45.8%. Conclusion: Seminal and ultrasound abnormalities are common in male with infertility in our context. Sexual Transmitting Infection and varicocele seems to be predominant aetiologies. Further research should be carried out to investigate on the different aetiologies of fertility in men for better management.
Abstract: Background: Male infertility has diverse aetiologies and contribute to more than 50% of infertility, but workup required for the diagnosis are not always available in low-income settings. Methods: We aimed to describe clinical and paraclinical profile of male infertility in low- and middle-income setting. This was a retrospective cross-sectional st...
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