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Diffusion-Based Magnetic Resonance and Tractography in Assessment of Patients with Epilepsy
Lobna Abd-El Aziz Shkeban,
Samah Ahmed Radwan,
Ashraf Ali Abo-el-Safa,
Hanan Mohamed Saleh El-Ahwal
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
159-166
Received:
12 September 2021
Accepted:
8 October 2021
Published:
16 October 2021
Abstract: Background: Epilepsies are one of the most prevalent neurological disorders. Notably, magnetic resonance (MR) tractography based on diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) is heavily used in clinical diagnostic studies to detect small anomalies encompassing the lesion identified on conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and appearing normal-looking white matter (WM). This study aimed to determine the added value of diffusion tensor MRI and tractography in the preoperative assessment of epileptogenic focus. Methods: This prospective study enrolled twenty patients with clinical symptoms of epilepsy and ten healthy control subjects who were age and sex matched. All patients were subjected to the followings: informed consent obtained from all patients, full clinical history taking, neurological examination, Electroencephalography (EEG), conventional MRI, as well as DTI and tractography. Results: The mean fractional anisotropy (FA) values were significantly lower in the studied patients than in the healthy control subjects at both arcuate fasciculi, at both inferior longitudinal fasciculi. Also, the mean FA values had no significant difference between the studied patients and the controls at both cingulum tracts and at both uncinate fasciculi. The same findings were also observed at both corticospinal tracts (CSTs). There was a significant correlation between the conventional MRI and DTI in the accuracy in lateralization of the cause of epileptogenic activity in the studied patients. Conclusions: DTI is very helpful tool in providing insights on epileptic seizures, prognosis as well as the correct preoperative planning. DTI with 3D tractographic reconstruction of WM tracts are the only methods that allow the calculation as well as visualization of fiber tracts.
Abstract: Background: Epilepsies are one of the most prevalent neurological disorders. Notably, magnetic resonance (MR) tractography based on diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) is heavily used in clinical diagnostic studies to detect small anomalies encompassing the lesion identified on conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and appearing normal-looking w...
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Diagnostic Performance of HRCT Scan of Chest in the Evaluation of COVID-19 Pneumonia: Comparison to RT-PCR
Md. Hafizur Rahman,
Nashid Amir,
Md. Anisur Rahman,
Zakir Hossain ASM
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
167-172
Received:
1 August 2021
Accepted:
4 October 2021
Published:
30 October 2021
Abstract: Background & purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of HRCT scan of chest in comparison to RT-PCR in the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Materials & Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Radiology & Imaging, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi that included 150 patients over a period of eight months from April, 2020 to December, 2020. Using RT-PCR as the reference standard, the performance of HRCT scan of chest in the diagnosis of COVID-19 was assessed. In addition, the common HRCT findings, CT severity, demographic distribution of the disease were also analyzed. Results: The mean age of patients was 51.8±14.5 years, age range was from 24 to 82 years. There was a male predominance with 1.58:1. Cough (86.7%) &dyspnoea (74.7%) were the predominant clinical symptoms. Commonest CT features were GGO (97.1%) & GGO with consolidation (49.0%) followed by fibrosis (48%). Majority of the patients had all five lobes involved (51%) & CT severity showed majority with 25-50% involvement (28%) followed by 50-75% involvement in 22.3% patients. Specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy & reliability were 97%, 43.7%, 93.5%, 63.6%, 91.3% & 0.88 respectively. Conclusion: HRCT chest has a very high sensitivity for diagnosis of COVID-19. HRCT chest should be considered as complementary to RT-PCR & a primary tool for detection of COVID-19 in this pandemic situation.
Abstract: Background & purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of HRCT scan of chest in comparison to RT-PCR in the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Materials & Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Radiology & Imaging, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi that included 150 patients ove...
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Comprehensive Evaluation of Multimodality Imaging in SARS-CoV-2 Patients: A Review
Nadia Tahouneh,
Ramin Ghasemi Shayan
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
173-188
Received:
21 August 2021
Accepted:
16 September 2021
Published:
5 November 2021
Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with its different symptoms has been widespread throughout the world for about two years and it has brought many deaths in different countries. Although the disease has been reported to target lung tissue as the first option but it can also cause damages in the heart and other tissues of the body. Many researches have been done on how to control and manage this pandemic to prevent further spread of this virus. There is always a percentage chance of error with RT-PCR test, when identifying the COVID-19, which was used as the first method of diagnosing the disease. In emergencies, low sensitivity of RT-PCR could lead to misdiagnosis of this virus. So, different imaging modalities can provide aid to detect the virus more precisely. So far, Radiology imaging especially Chest CT has played an important role in the process of recognizing the disease and in many cases, it has rushed to the aid of the healthcare staff for determining the stages and controlling of the disease. Although a number of countries have made good progress in the field of vaccines, it is very important for staff to know the advantages and disadvantages of each imaging modality in the disease assessment procedures, so that they can use them wisely to accelerate the elimination process of the disease. With this approach, this paper is an overview of various capabilities of different imaging modalities in the field of better management of SARS-CoV-2 disease.
Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with its different symptoms has been widespread throughout the world for about two years and it has brought many deaths in different countries. Although the disease has been reported to target lung tissue as the first option but it can also cause damages in the heart and other tissues of the body. Many researches...
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Neural Method Based on Kohonen Topological Maps Applied to the Whole-body Scintigraphy Image
Ndong Boucar,
Djigo Mamoudou Salif,
Mboup Mamadou Lamine,
Tall Khaly,
Bathily El Hadji Amadou Lamine,
Diop Ousseynou,
Akpo Géraud Léra Kelvin,
Badji Nfally,
Mbaye Gora,
Diouf Augustin Louis Diaga,
Sy Pape Mady,
Djiboune Alphonse,
Fashinan Herbert,
Farssi Mohamed,
Ndoye Oumar,
Diarra Mounibé,
Mbodji Mamadou
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
189-192
Received:
11 October 2021
Accepted:
2 November 2021
Published:
12 November 2021
Abstract: Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the stages of learning Kohonen's self-organizing maps applied to scintigraphy imaging in order to perform classification for medical diagnostic aid. Method: To achieve these goals, the neurons, arranged on a regular grid, are connected to each other by a neighbor relationship, which creates the topology of the map. The input layer consisted of pixels from the scintigraphy images. Results: During the iteration rounds of learning, we have seen a deployment of neurons on the nodes of the map that becomes more and more important. And it is the same for the winning neurons. After 750 iterations, the Davies Bouldin index attests to the end of the training with a quantization error that goes from 0.175 at the beginning of the training to 0.0225 at the end of the training. After this study, we find that neurons 41, 62, 121, 101 and 145 have captured most of the data with a peak uptake achieved by neuron 41 which has captured 1048 data. This individualizes the class of high intensities undoubtedly corresponding to metastatic hyperfixations. Conclusion: This innovative method could undoubtedly be integrated into the link in the chain highlighting periarticular metastases in developing countries, most of which do not have a SPECT-CT.
Abstract: Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the stages of learning Kohonen's self-organizing maps applied to scintigraphy imaging in order to perform classification for medical diagnostic aid. Method: To achieve these goals, the neurons, arranged on a regular grid, are connected to each other by a neighbor relationship, which creates the topol...
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