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The Application of Retrospective ECG Gated 320-MSCT Angiography in Diagnosis of Congenital Pulmonary Arterial Anomalies in Pediatrics
Nour Tawheed,
Amr Mohamed El-Badry,
Suzan Elhefnawy,
Basma Samir Eldeeb
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
1-15
Received:
15 December 2020
Accepted:
28 December 2020
Published:
4 January 2021
Abstract: Congenital pulmonary arteries anomalies included a wide-ranged spectrum of pathology that is usually associated with other congenital heart diseases. These anomalies can be classified into several major categories, which show considerable overlap among those categories. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) angiography in assessment of pulmonary arteries anomalies. This study included 76 patients (42 males and 34 females) with male to female ratio 55.2% to 44.7%. The age of the patients ranged from 4 days to 15 years. The studied cases for pulmonary arteries anomalies were subclassified to anomalies of the caliber, origin and development (conotruncal anomalies). We compared MSCT findings with the data collected by cardiac catheterization and/or operation in 38 patients. 320-MSCT diagnosed cases of pulmonary arterial anomalies with 99% sensitivity, 99.8% specificity, 99% PPV, 99.8% NPV and 93.4% accuracy. This study concluded that MSCT is a non-invasive imaging modality that has a significant value in the evaluation of the congenital pulmonary arteries anomalies and its associated extracardiac anomalies in pediatric patients as well as assessment of post-operative complications. It is superior to ECHO in evaluating the pulmonary artery anomalies specially the pulmonary artery branches which are obscured by aerated lung. Also, there is good outcome of the cases owing to early and accurate diagnosis of the cases and post-operative follow up.
Abstract: Congenital pulmonary arteries anomalies included a wide-ranged spectrum of pathology that is usually associated with other congenital heart diseases. These anomalies can be classified into several major categories, which show considerable overlap among those categories. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of multi-slice computed tomograph...
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Role of Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Motor Functional MRI in Preoperative Assessment of Brain Tumors
Sara Essam Hasby,
Al-Shaimaa Zakaria Elshahawy,
Mohamed Amin Mohamed,
Ali Ibraheem Seif Eldean,
Mohammed Fathy Dawoud
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
16-28
Received:
20 December 2020
Accepted:
30 December 2020
Published:
12 January 2021
Abstract: Diffusion tensor imaging is a non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging technique that describe the orientation and location of white matter tracts in vivo, it guides the surgeon regarding the relationship of the intra-axial tumor to adjacent white matter tracts in different planes. Routine pre-surgical FMRI allows for assessment of the relationship between brain tumor and motor cortex to facilitate function-preserving surgery and reduce postoperative morbidity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate role of diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging, fiber tractography and motor functional MRI in assessment of white matter tracts affected by the tumor, and to utilize this information in guiding surgeons. Fifty patients with different types of brain tumors were enrolled in this study. Fiber tracts involvement were classified into four categories (edema, displacement, infiltration and disruption), comparison between benign and malignant tumors groups as regards to the patterns of fiber tracts involvement were done. The prevalence of edema and displacement was higher among the benign group while prevalence of infiltration and disruption was higher among the malignant group. Localization of the primary motor hand area with functional MRI was done, The relation of it to the tumor was measured. Treatment plans before and after DTI & functional MR imaging differed in 35 patients as regard to surgical approach and in 17 patients as regard to modification of extent of resection with significant relation. Diffusion tensor imaging DTI represents recent important progress in the field of diagnostic imaging. It is the only technique that is able to visualize in vivo white-matter tracts so that it is of great help in pre-operative neurosurgical planning.
Abstract: Diffusion tensor imaging is a non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging technique that describe the orientation and location of white matter tracts in vivo, it guides the surgeon regarding the relationship of the intra-axial tumor to adjacent white matter tracts in different planes. Routine pre-surgical FMRI allows for assessment of the relationship ...
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State-of-the-art CMR Mapping Techniques in the Detection of Subclinical Chemotherapy-induced Cardiotoxicity in Breast Cancer Patients
Noura Abdelmonem Atia,
Lorenz Lehmann,
Mohamed Adel Eltomey,
Mohamed Alm El-Din,
Johannes Riffel,
Constantin Dreher,
Philipp Bäumer,
Anoshirwan Andrej Tavakoli,
Norbert Frey,
Heinz-Peter Schlemmer,
Matthias Friedrich,
Mahmoud Abdelaziz Dawoud
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
29-35
Received:
23 December 2020
Accepted:
30 December 2020
Published:
15 January 2021
Abstract: Background: The oncological treatments have improved survival rates but with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Purpose: To detect subclinical cardiotoxic changes using Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) and to define parameters for the prediction of late cardiac changes after 3 months follow-up. Patients and methods: We conducted a prospective study in 21 breast cancer patients who were scheduled to undergo treatment either with anthracyclines, trastuzumab, or docetaxel. CMR scans were performed before therapy onset as well as 3-6 days and 3 months thereafter. Native left ventricular (LV) T1 and T2 parameters were acquired in addition to standard parameters. Results: Compared to baseline, the mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) tended to mildly decrease during follow-up. A significant reduction in mean native T1 was found from 1246.6 ± 29.5 ms at baseline to 1231.4 ± 31.4 ms at 3-6 days, which was followed by significant increase after 3 months reaching 1265.8 ± 27.9 ms with p = 0.011 and 0.012, respectively. A significant increase in mean T2 was also found from 41.6 ± 3.4 ms at baseline to 43.8 ± 3.8 ms after 3 months with p = 0.045. From 21 patients, only 1 patient (4.8%) experienced cardiotoxicity. Conclusion: Treatment with potentially cardiotoxic drugs is associated with a change of CMR-derived native T1 which may enable an early identification of cardiotoxicity among breast cancer patients.
Abstract: Background: The oncological treatments have improved survival rates but with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Purpose: To detect subclinical cardiotoxic changes using Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) and to define parameters for the prediction of late cardiac changes after 3 months follow-up. Patients and methods: We conduc...
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Fibroscan and Doppler Ultrasonography in the Assessment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Interventional Therapy
Kariman Elkasrawy,
Sabry Abou-saif,
Amr El-Badry,
Nehad Hawash,
Mona Shehata
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
36-44
Received:
31 December 2020
Accepted:
14 January 2021
Published:
22 January 2021
Abstract: Background: studying hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) interventional therapy by a simple, noninvasive techniquesthat doesn’t require contrast material is valuable. Doppler ultrasound and fibroscanimaging gives anon-invasive demonstration of blood flow by real time observation and the fibrosis burden which can be related to HCC recurrence. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of fibroscan and Doppler ultrasonography in the assessment of efficacy and safety of hepatocellular carcinoma interventional therapy. Methods: this prospective study was conducted on HCC patients undergoing interventional therapy. The vasculature of both the liver and the focal lesion were assessed using Doppler ultrasonography and liver fibrosis burden was assessed usingfibroscan and compared to CT results. These tests were done one month before and 6 months after intervention. A cut off point of liver stiffness measurement (LSM) at which well ablation can be predicted was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Enrollment of 56 Egyptian patients was done. Portal hypertension (PHT) indices increased significantly after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and while did not after microwave ablation (MWA) indicating the safety of MWA. The vascularity of hepatocellular carcinoma point out areas of residual tumor. The TACE group showed high statistically significant increase in LSM after intervention (P<0.001). ROC curve analysis showed that LSM at cut off value ≤ 35.2 KPa can predict good ablation of HCC with a sensitivity 78.38% and specificity 70.83%. Conclusion: TACE is associated with increased portal hypertension indices than MWA and Doppler parameters is a non-invasive simple technique that can be used for follow up of HCC patients after interventional therapy. Also liver stiffness measurement can be used as a good predictor of good ablation of HCC.
Abstract: Background: studying hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) interventional therapy by a simple, noninvasive techniquesthat doesn’t require contrast material is valuable. Doppler ultrasound and fibroscanimaging gives anon-invasive demonstration of blood flow by real time observation and the fibrosis burden which can be related to HCC recurrence. Objectives:...
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Medical Imaging System and the Health Care Delivery System in Nigeria: An Overview
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
45-56
Received:
11 December 2020
Accepted:
4 January 2021
Published:
30 January 2021
Abstract: The concept of using an imaging system to effectively diagnose and treat patients is well embraced in medical health care delivery systems of most advanced countries of the world. This has brought a lot of efficiency, availability and a high degree of leverage to the systems. But implementing such a system in third world countries especially a state such as Nigeria is still a challenge. The prospect of implementation, however, is enormous. This study aims at providing first-hand information about medical imaging to the health care practitioners. It is also intended to give a brief overview of the state of medical imaging in the health care delivery system with a focus on Nigeria. It additionally gives an insight into its challenges and discusses the benefits and prospects of the computer imaging system in the system. A methodological review of the current state of medical imaging system was examined with particular focus on its relationship to the health care delivery system in Nigeria. The use, benefits, method of generating as well as challenges and the huge potential of medical imaging in the advancement of the health care delivery system in Nigeria were examined. The study exposes the latest trend in medical imaging technologies and the relevancies to the Nigeria health care delivery system. Also, it examines the use of imaging technologies to treat various medical conditions of a patient in pre-medical and post-medical therapy. Also, up-to-date information about medical imaging focusing on Nigeria health care delivery system was discussed. It provides the first-hand informative source for medical practitioners as well as the general public when evaluating the need and importance of medical images to the overall health care delivery system in Nigeria. It reveals the uses, process in generating, capturing, storage and reporting of medical imaging as well as exploring the challenges and benefit of an imaging system in advancing health care delivery system in Nigeria. The study exposes the latest trend in medical imaging technologies and the relevancies to the Nigeria health care delivery system.
Abstract: The concept of using an imaging system to effectively diagnose and treat patients is well embraced in medical health care delivery systems of most advanced countries of the world. This has brought a lot of efficiency, availability and a high degree of leverage to the systems. But implementing such a system in third world countries especially a stat...
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Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Tractography in Assessment of Cystic Brain Lesions
Mona Tharwat,
Al-Siagy Ali,
Ahmed Yousef,
Samah Ahmed
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
57-71
Received:
17 January 2021
Accepted:
3 February 2021
Published:
10 February 2021
Abstract: Brain cystic lesions is significant neurosurgical dilemma. Differencing cystic brain lesions by CT and conventional MRI may be difficult due to similar findings clinically and similar appearance radiologically, On conventional MRI most of the lesions appear hyper intense on T2-WI and hypo intense on T1-WI. The aim of this study was to assess the role of magnetic resonance diffusion tensor tractography in the assessment and differentiation between cystic brain lesions. The study was a prospective one that was conducted on 30 patients who were suspected to have cystic brain lesions and referred to radio diagnosis department from the neuro-surgery department and outpatient clinics of Tanta university hospitals. In this study mean age of patients was 43.453 + 12.23 years, their age ranged from 5 - 60 years. DTI guides the surgeons regarding the relation between the intra-axial tumor and local WM tracts in different planes. A variety of aspects of the tumor–tract relationship can, therefore, be revealed. The nature of the tract can be suggested from its position and course, such as the corticospinal tract (CST) and optic radiations, and effect of the tumor to the tract can be appreciated. Furthermore, the location of the tumor can be seen in relation to the tract. Neurosurgery for brain tumors is comparison between maximum surgical resection on one hand and maximum sparing of functions on other hand. Total resection of the tumor reduces risk of relapse and permits following radiotherapy or chemotherapy to be much more effective.
Abstract: Brain cystic lesions is significant neurosurgical dilemma. Differencing cystic brain lesions by CT and conventional MRI may be difficult due to similar findings clinically and similar appearance radiologically, On conventional MRI most of the lesions appear hyper intense on T2-WI and hypo intense on T1-WI. The aim of this study was to assess the ro...
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Role of Cardiac MRI in Assessment Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy
Mostafa Fadel Sonbol,
Mahmoud Ibrahim Elshamy,
Anas Mohamed Sabry Elhadary
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
72-78
Received:
5 February 2021
Accepted:
23 February 2021
Published:
3 March 2021
Abstract: Background: cardiomyopathies include a broad spectrum of myocardial problems which can affect the heart either a primary disease process or as part of a systemic disorder, which may be complicated by heart failure or death. Objective: the aim of the study to identify the role of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging to diagnose the different various types of cardiomyopathy. Patients and Methods: this study included 50 patients with suspected different types of non-ischemic cardiomyopathies referred from outpatient clinic of Cardiology at Al-Hussein University hospital from November 2018 to July 2019. Results: all patients showed mild to moderate mitral regurge (100% of cases), tricuspid regurge was seen in 3 cases (75% of cases) and aortic regurge was seen in 4 cases (50% of cases). The most value of MRI study of these patients was to differentiate whether if heart failure is related to 1ry dilated cardiomyopathy or other causes such as ischemia as they have different management in each group. Conclusion: CMR is a valuable (minimally or non-invasive) imaging technique in patients with suspected or known to have non-ischemic cardiomyopathies. It helps to identify the underlying cause, prognosis and responsiveness to therapy and affect management as well follow-up and most recently as a preventive diagnostic tool.
Abstract: Background: cardiomyopathies include a broad spectrum of myocardial problems which can affect the heart either a primary disease process or as part of a systemic disorder, which may be complicated by heart failure or death. Objective: the aim of the study to identify the role of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging to diagnose the different various t...
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Novel Method to Diagnose COVID-19: HNN of CNN and Bi-LSTM Using X-ray Images
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
79-86
Received:
25 January 2021
Accepted:
2 February 2021
Published:
4 March 2021
Abstract: Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) has caused a global pandemic and many of COVID-19’s key symptoms are related to the respiratory tract. In fact, the most relevant features correlated to the diagnosis of COVID-19 were found to be breathing problems and dry cough as determined by experimental results, produced when such a dataset was run through the random forest model with feature importance function. Therefore, using chest x-ray images labeled as COVID-19 and normal from kaggle, we developed a novel hybrid deep learning model incorporating CNN (convolutional neural network) and Bi-LSTM (bidirectional long short term memory) to detect symptoms of COVID-19. Our goal was to develop a model with the highest accuracy. As a total number of datasets were not enough to train the model, we augmented the input dataset through the “ImagedataGenerator” function from the Keras. Also, this proposed model ensures high accuracy as experimental results reported its average accuracy, which was tested with various optimizers (Adam, Nadam, Rmsprop, SGD), to be 98.13%. The new model showed the highest average accuracy compared to any other preexisting models (VGG-16, Resnet50, Resent50_v2, Mobilenet, Mobilenet_v2, Xception) also tested during this research. This model could potentially be used as an alternative process to diagnose COVID-19, especially with the number of global cases increasing, along with the need for efficient, quicker testing methods.
Abstract: Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) has caused a global pandemic and many of COVID-19’s key symptoms are related to the respiratory tract. In fact, the most relevant features correlated to the diagnosis of COVID-19 were found to be breathing problems and dry cough as determined by experimental results, produced when such a dataset was run through the ra...
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Endobronchial and/or Endoesophageal Bronchoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration in the Diagnosis of Mediastinal and Hilar Diseases of Unknown Etiologies
Amira Abdelgalil Elkholy,
Ali Mohamed Abdellah,
Fawzy Abo-Elnaga El-emery,
Ibrahim Salah-Eldein Ibrahim,
Ayman Abdelhamid Farghaly,
Mohamed Sayed Hantera,
Ayman Mohamed El-Saka,
Dalia Ezzat Elsharawy
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
87-93
Received:
11 February 2021
Accepted:
26 February 2021
Published:
4 March 2021
Abstract: Introduction: Diagnosis of mediastinal and hilar lesions represents a problematic issue for long ago, not only due to various structures that occupy this space but also difficult accessibility to such lesions. Mediastinal endosonography – guided FNA is emerged as a new minimally invasive modality for diagnosis of such lesions. Objectives: to evaluate the role of endobronchial and/ or endoesophageal -bronchoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration in the diagnosis of mediastinal and hilar diseases of unknown etiologies. Methods: This Prospective observational study was carried out at Tanta University Educational Hospital and Kobri Elkobba Military Hospitals; from December 2017 to December 2019 on thirty patients (19 males; 11 females, age range 17-82 years) presented with undiagnosed mediastinal and or hilar lesions. All patients were subjected to clinical examination, radiological assessment including Chest-X-Ray, CT Chest. Laboratory investigations: CBC, blood urea, serum creatinine and coagulation profile. Twenty-six patients were subjected only to endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) biopsies and four patients were subjected to endoscopic ultrasound using EBUS scope-guided fine- needle aspiration (EUS-B-FNA) after EBUS-TBNA, using Pentax Endobronchial ultrasound and a fine needle (22- Gauge). The procedure was done under local anesthesia and conscious sedation ROSE technique was applied for some cases. Results: Definitive diagnosis was reached in twenty-nine cases, achieving diagnostic yield (96.67%). Malignant lesions were the predominant category; twenty (66.67%), while nine (30%) were diagnosed as benign lesions and one (3.33%) case remained un diagnosed. Also, immunohistochemistry played an important role to reach definitive diagnosis in six cases without further sampling. About (12/30; 40%) of patients were passed without any complications while the others recorded controlled complications without any serious events. Conclusion: EBUS and EUS-B-FNA are minimally invasive, complementary and cost effective procedures with high diagnostic yield for mediastinal and hilar lesions. Addition of immunohistochemistry raises diagnostic value of this procedure.
Abstract: Introduction: Diagnosis of mediastinal and hilar lesions represents a problematic issue for long ago, not only due to various structures that occupy this space but also difficult accessibility to such lesions. Mediastinal endosonography – guided FNA is emerged as a new minimally invasive modality for diagnosis of such lesions. Objectives: to evalua...
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Application Analysis of Targeted Nursing Intervention for Infant Patients with Renal Dynamic Imaging
Lijiao Liao,
Jinmei Xiong,
Miaoli Zhou,
Chunliu Luo
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
94-97
Received:
11 March 2021
Accepted:
18 March 2021
Published:
30 March 2021
Abstract: Background: In recent years, nuclide renal dynamic imaging is often used to detect renal dysfunction in patients, and the imaging result will be affected by operative skills of health care personnel, patient mental health and patient Medical treatment compliance. Objective: To assess application analysis of targeted nursing intervention for infant patients with renal dynamic imaging. Methods: All patients who were between 0 and 3 years old and were scheduled to receiving renal dynamic imaging during 2019 -2020 were invited to enroll in our study. Base on receiving nursing intervention type, the patients were divided into two groups: control group and intervention group, they received common nursing intervention and targeted nursing intervention respectively. The valid data such as glomerular filtration rate, Medical treatment compliance assessments, image quality, and patients’ basic information was collected from 102 infant patients with renal dynamic imaging. Result: In baseline characteristics of patient, there were no significant differences in demographics between the two groups. Intervention group had 44 cases of success in renal dynamic imaging that was significantly higher than control group, there was significant difference (p < 0.005). Besides, the cases of poor quality were more prevalent in control group compare with intervention group (n = 14 vs n = 6). Additionally, high level assessment of Medical treatment compliance had 44 (86.3%) cases and 30 (58.5%) cases in intervention group and control group. Comparison result of adverse events shows that intervention group participants provide less adverse events report compare with control group [2 (3.9%) vs 11 (21.6%)]. The adverse events of control group were present in 2 (3.9%), 4 (7.8%), and 5 (9.8%) of imaging agent leaking, position skewing, insufficient imaging agent. Conclusion: targeted nursing intervention can improve quality of renal dynamic imaging, medical treatment compliance of patient, and adverse events of renal dynamic imaging for infant patients with renal dynamic imaging.
Abstract: Background: In recent years, nuclide renal dynamic imaging is often used to detect renal dysfunction in patients, and the imaging result will be affected by operative skills of health care personnel, patient mental health and patient Medical treatment compliance. Objective: To assess application analysis of targeted nursing intervention for infant ...
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