Optimization of Injection Molding Process Parameters for Automotive Brake Plug-in Based on CCD and PSO
Huan-Lao Liu,
Zi-Lin Zhang,
Pei-Ming Peng,
Can Liu
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, July 2022
Pages:
84-94
Received:
30 August 2022
Accepted:
15 September 2022
Published:
21 September 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijmsa.20221104.11
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Abstract: Taking the amount of warpage deformation of automotive brake Plug-in as the research object, UG NX10.0 software was used to design the product model and Moldflow software was used for predictive analysis of the product model. The preliminary optimized parameters were obtained by using the response surface method - central composite experiment design (CCD) and combined with injection molding CAE technology. The mold temperature was 70°C, the melt temperature was 250°C, the holding pressure was 95 MPa, and the holding time was 10s. The warpage was 1.18 mm. Through the analysis of variance, the influence of four injection process parameters on product warpage was obtained, namely, holding pressure>holding time>melt temperature>mold temperature. Based on the fitted response surface algorithm model, the process parameters were optimized using particle swarm optimization (PSO) with the minimum warpage as the constraint condition, and the optimal combination of the optimized process parameters was obtained, that was, the mold temperature was 60°C, the melt temperature was 280°C, the holding pressure was 95 MPa and the holding time was 8.296 s. The minimum warpage was 1.057 mm. The optimization results showed that the minimum warpage was reduced by 10.85% compared with the initially optimized parameters, and the effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by using this parameter combination for actual injection production.
Abstract: Taking the amount of warpage deformation of automotive brake Plug-in as the research object, UG NX10.0 software was used to design the product model and Moldflow software was used for predictive analysis of the product model. The preliminary optimized parameters were obtained by using the response surface method - central composite experiment desig...
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Corrosion Protection of Copper Sculptures by Corrosive Pollutants
Rajesh Kumar Singh,
Hema Kesavan,
Jay Prakash Singh
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, July 2022
Pages:
95-101
Received:
8 August 2022
Accepted:
26 August 2022
Published:
31 October 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijmsa.20221104.12
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Nitrogen dioxide, carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide are acidic gas and they produce corrosive medium for copper sculptures. These gases absorb moisture to form nitric acid, carbonic and sulphuric acid. It forms corrosion cell on the surface of copper and accelerate corrosion reactions. The corrosion cell formation is written as: Cu|Cu2+||H+|H2 thus corrosion reactions start and copper is oxidized into Cu2+surface and it is oxidized into Cu2+ whereas H+ ion is reduced into H2. Nitric acid environment copper exhibits galvanic, pitting, stress, crevice, blistering, embrittlement and intergranular corrosion. The corrosion reactions change physical, chemical and mechanical properties of corroded materials. Nanocoating compound tetrahydro-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene-5,11-disemicarbazoneand SiC electrospray compounds used to control the corrosion of copperin nitrogen dioxide medium. For corrosion mitigation of copper metal interface was coated with tetrahydro-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene-5,11-disemicarbazone and SiC. The coating compound tetrahydro-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene-5,11-disemicarbazone was synthesized in laboratory. Nozzle sprays techniques used for nanocoating and electrospraying. The corrosion rate of copper was determined by gravimetric loss method at different temperatures, concentrations and days in nitrogen dioxide medium. Potentiostatic polarization technique used for the determination of electrode potential, corrosion current and current density. Nanocoating and electrospraying compounds formed a composite barrier on the surface of base metal by chemical bonding. The nanocoating and electrospray compounds adhered on base metal by chemisorptions to confirm byactivation energy, heat of adsorption, free energy, enthalpy and entropy. The nanocoating and electrospray deposited on copper confirmed by Langmuir, Frundlich and Temkin isotherm. Copperformed a complex compound to interact with tetrahydro-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene-5,11-disemicarbazone and SiC. Electrospraying SiC blocked porosities of nanocoating compound and checked osmosis process of nitrogen dioxide. The nanocoating and electrospray compounds decreased corrosion rate and increased surface coverage areas and percentage coating efficiencies.
Abstract: Nitrogen dioxide, carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide are acidic gas and they produce corrosive medium for copper sculptures. These gases absorb moisture to form nitric acid, carbonic and sulphuric acid. It forms corrosion cell on the surface of copper and accelerate corrosion reactions. The corrosion cell formation is written as: Cu|Cu2+||H+|H2 thu...
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