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The Effect of Employee Engagement on the Relationship Between Leader-Member Exchange and Innovative Work Behaviour in Kenya
Kanake Mercy Kananu,
Kemboi Ambrose,
Tenai Joel
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, September 2020
Pages:
113-120
Received:
5 May 2020
Accepted:
8 June 2020
Published:
20 June 2020
Abstract: This paper aimed to explore the mediating effect of employee engagement on the relationship between Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) on Innovative Work Behaviour (IWB) within Manufacturing Firms in Kenya. The study was based on a quantitative approach and a cross-sectional survey design. Data were collected using self-administered, closed-ended questionnaire using stratified and systematic sampling techniques from a sample size of 470 respondents from a population of 9915 employees drawn from manufacturing firms in Kenya. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) vs 23 software and hypotheses tested using Hayes (2018) Process Macro v. 3.2 (Model 4). The findings revealed that leader-member exchange has positive statistical significant effect on employee engagement, which in turn has a positive significant effect on Innovative Work Behaviour. The findings further showed a partial mediating effect of employee engagement on the relationship between Leader-Member Exchange and Innovative Work Behaviour. This study contributes to knowledge by providing insight into the predictor of employee Innovative Work Behaviour. The study potentially acts as an avenue through which managers can build on employee engagement and their exchange with employees’ to boost Innovative Work Behavior.
Abstract: This paper aimed to explore the mediating effect of employee engagement on the relationship between Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) on Innovative Work Behaviour (IWB) within Manufacturing Firms in Kenya. The study was based on a quantitative approach and a cross-sectional survey design. Data were collected using self-administered, closed-ended questio...
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Oil and Gas Balance Analysis (Case Study of "X" Field)
Ramli Nonci,
Akhmad Fauzi,
Fifi Diana Thamrin
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, September 2020
Pages:
121-129
Received:
13 June 2020
Accepted:
23 June 2020
Published:
13 July 2020
Abstract: Indonesia is one of the countries in the world that has the potential of natural resources in the form of oil and gas. As a resource that plays an important role in economic life, the utilization of oil and gas needs to be managed properly and correctly. Preparation of the balance of natural resources is an important part of the management of wealth controlled by the state. The value of resources must be known so that the government can make the right policies, especially for oil and gas fields that will be terminated. One of the oil and gas resources which has significant production value and impact on the Indonesian economy is the "X" field in East Kalimantan. This study aims to provide an overview of oil and gas processing in the "X" field, estimate the monetary value of oil and gas volumes in a certain period and analyze policies that can encourage the management of the remaining oil and gas fields more optimally. The data used in the research are sourced from the results of discussions, field observations, studies of government policy literature, and company documentation. The analysis conducted in this study is divided into description analysis, oil and gas balance analysis and policy analysis. The analytical tools used are a study of government and company policy literature, the Net Present Value (NVP) method and the Multi Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) method. Based on the analysis, the physical value of proven oil and gas reserves in the "X" field amounted to 322,988,294 barrels & 420,745,986 MSCF; while the monetary value of oil and gas reserves amounting to IDR 222.655.210.375.641 (oil) and IDR 722,623,266,696 (gas) until 2018. Analysis of policies for the development of the "X" field taking into account economic, social and HSE (Health, Safety and Environmental) criteria results in a conclusion that Gross Split policy alternatives have the highest value for the draft of as business as usual policy when compared to the Cost Recovery policy and the Cost and Fee policy.
Abstract: Indonesia is one of the countries in the world that has the potential of natural resources in the form of oil and gas. As a resource that plays an important role in economic life, the utilization of oil and gas needs to be managed properly and correctly. Preparation of the balance of natural resources is an important part of the management of wealt...
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External Economic Shocks and Vulnerability of the West African Economic and Monetary Union
Ibrahima Thiam,
Sam Agbahoungba
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, September 2020
Pages:
130-137
Received:
15 June 2020
Accepted:
7 July 2020
Published:
23 July 2020
Abstract: Background: The regional integration, may it be economic integration or monetary union, is considered, since the success of the European Union, as a mean to development and to mitigate the consequences of exposure to globalization. However, in the African context, the capacity of resilience and the vulnerability of these economies against external shocks remain questionable. Objective: This paper aims to analyze the effects of external economic shocks on the economies of West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) which is comprised of West African francophone countries (Benin, Cote d’Ivoire, Mali, Niger, Senegal and Togo) and lusophone countries (Bissau Guinea). Method: To achieve this, the Vector Auto Regression technique has been used. We examine the impact of Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)’s GDP the price of agricultural commodities, the price of the crude oil barrel, and aid and development assistance shocks on the economies of the union. Due to the lack of data, Bissau Guinea has been removal from the analysis. The data ar primarily sourced from the World Development Indicators and World Economic Outlook databases respectively from the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund and cover the period 1980 – 2018. Results: The results show that the WAEMU countries are highly sensitive to the variations of these different variables with the exception of the price of the crude oil barrel. In addition, the impulse responses show that the WAEMU’s economies are permanently affected by these shocks. Conclusion: In terms of economic policy implications, it is essential to strengthen the insurance mechanisms such as intra-trade through the deepening of the regional integration process, responsible budgetary policy, flexibility of the economies, and the economic convergence for the viability of the union.
Abstract: Background: The regional integration, may it be economic integration or monetary union, is considered, since the success of the European Union, as a mean to development and to mitigate the consequences of exposure to globalization. However, in the African context, the capacity of resilience and the vulnerability of these economies against external ...
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Structural Transformation of Economies of the Economic Community of West African States: An Empirical Analysis
Dimitri Sanga,
Mamoudou Sebego
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, September 2020
Pages:
138-156
Received:
6 July 2020
Accepted:
24 July 2020
Published:
10 August 2020
Abstract: This paper analyses the structural transformation process of ECOWAS economies through an exploratory approach of stylized facts analysis on added value, employment, productivity and intra- and inter-sectoral mobility of labour factor, followed by an econometric approach in balanced panel data from 1991 to 2017 for the 15 countries in the region. The analysis revealed the beginnings of a structural transformation process in some ECOWAS economies, especially Ghana, Nigeria and Senegal, and more or less Burkina Faso and Guinea. The positive effects of the mobility of labour factor, albeit timid and at slow pace, from the agricultural sector to the industrial (manufacturing industry mainly) and services sectors, could be limited, on the one hand, by the low level of human capital development and on the other hand by a reverse itinerary characterized by the hegemony of the activities of the service sector, in terms of the proportion of value added and employment. In this regard, it appears that reforms aimed at strengthening the development of human capital could contribute to the acceleration of the productivities of industrial sector activities in general and manufacturing in particular through the channel of the accumulation of knowledge, know-how and technology. Economies could thus benefit from the growing prospects of attracting FDI in relation to the growing economic and geopolitical interests of foreign investors for Africa in general and ECOWAS in particular.
Abstract: This paper analyses the structural transformation process of ECOWAS economies through an exploratory approach of stylized facts analysis on added value, employment, productivity and intra- and inter-sectoral mobility of labour factor, followed by an econometric approach in balanced panel data from 1991 to 2017 for the 15 countries in the region. Th...
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Corporate Social Responsibility for Sustainable Development of Small and Medium Enterprises in Vietnam
Do Hai Hung,
Nguyen Thi Hanh Nguyen
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, September 2020
Pages:
157-163
Received:
9 July 2020
Accepted:
27 July 2020
Published:
10 August 2020
Abstract: Implementing social responsibility activities (CSR) towards sustainable development (Sustainable Development) is one of the issues that businesses pay special attention. The study carried out a survey of 316 small and medium sized enterprises allocated according to different business sectors and territories in Vietnam. The main purpose of the study is to assess the impact of corporate social responsibility compared to other factors developed in the research model affecting the sustainable development of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Vietnam. The observations constructed by research team and inserted in the corporate social responsibility policy scale are: Participation in vocational training support programs in the community; Building programs on clean water and sanitation; Training and improving the capacity and social knowledge for workers; Contributing to social activities in the locality; Paying attention to issues of environmental pollution treatment; and finally complying with the provisions of law to ensure food hygiene and safety and environment. The authors applied regression analysis to assess the impact of corporate social responsibility policies on sustainable development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The research results showed that the social activities of enterprises have a positive influence on the sustainable development of small and medium-sized enterprises in Vietnam, besides other factors such as: Enterprise management capacity, finance, human resources and support policies from the government.
Abstract: Implementing social responsibility activities (CSR) towards sustainable development (Sustainable Development) is one of the issues that businesses pay special attention. The study carried out a survey of 316 small and medium sized enterprises allocated according to different business sectors and territories in Vietnam. The main purpose of the study...
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The Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Leadership Style in Jordanian Telecommunication Sector
Refat Alfaouri,
Esra' Tahat
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, September 2020
Pages:
164-171
Received:
29 June 2020
Accepted:
17 July 2020
Published:
20 August 2020
Abstract: The study aims at determining the level of influence of Emotional Intelligence (EI) of the managers of the Jordanian Telecommunication companies on their leadership style, also, it’s an attempt to find is there democratic and autocratic managers due to (EI) in the same companies and if there is a difference on senior and junior managers due to (EI). A random sample of (115) manager and supervisor was selected from the three Telecom. Companies (Zain, Umniah and Orange) for investigation. Data was collected by a questionnaire developed by the researchers and statistical analysis; mean and standard deviation, Pearson coronation coefficient and one way ANOVA, was applied to answer the questions and hypothesis of the study. The results of the study revealed that most of the telecommunication managers feel that (EI) is so important and helpful in their work, also, Democratic and senior managers show the same influence by (EI) in comparison with autocratic and junior managers. The study recommended that, the three Jordanian telecom. Companies have to incorporate the (EI) more in their values and activities in order to inspire and motivate their subordinates, and building trust.
Abstract: The study aims at determining the level of influence of Emotional Intelligence (EI) of the managers of the Jordanian Telecommunication companies on their leadership style, also, it’s an attempt to find is there democratic and autocratic managers due to (EI) in the same companies and if there is a difference on senior and junior managers due to (EI)...
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An Assessment of the Effect of Casual Employment on the Level of Poverty and Economic Growth in Nigeria
Babagana Mala Musti,
Ahmed Mallum
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, September 2020
Pages:
172-177
Received:
12 July 2020
Accepted:
27 July 2020
Published:
25 August 2020
Abstract: The paper examines the implications of Casual employment on the poverty alleviation efforts of the government and economic growth in Nigeria. The study reviewed the existing literature on Casual employment and their impact on the poverty level in society and the economy. The study used a survey method and analysed the questionnaire distributed to sampled respondents. The study found that remunerations and working condition of casual staff are not fair compared to that of permanent staff. The casual workers are often not paid the minimum wage which is a monthly wage because the casual workers are usually underemployed as such do not get the minimum wage. In our survey, we found that 59% of the (casual staff) respondents have a monthly salary of less than the minimum wage. It shows that Casual work is going against government programmes of employment creation and poverty alleviation. Casual work is detrimental to employees and has grave consequences on the employer and the national economy. Casual staff are mostly low-level workers in every organisation. Many people have classified them as unskilled workers. The survey shows that 26% of the casual staff respondents attended tertiary education level against 40% among the full-time staff. Whereas, 35% of the casual staff have no formal education against 26% of the fulltime staff. The study concludes that Casual work as perpetuated in Nigeria is a threat to the desired level of economic growth and a means of increasing poverty. The Casual employment model enables employers to ignore workplace standards and workers’ social needs. The push towards Casual employment in society is evidence of increasing poverty. The study recommends that the government needs to check the casualisation of work in the employment system, which have a tremendous negative impact on the economy.
Abstract: The paper examines the implications of Casual employment on the poverty alleviation efforts of the government and economic growth in Nigeria. The study reviewed the existing literature on Casual employment and their impact on the poverty level in society and the economy. The study used a survey method and analysed the questionnaire distributed to s...
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The Role of Networking Capability on Organization Performance: A Perspective of Private Universities in Kenya
Ruth Ndanu King’oo,
Linda Kimencu,
Godfrey Kinyua
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, September 2020
Pages:
178-186
Received:
17 August 2020
Accepted:
31 August 2020
Published:
10 September 2020
Abstract: Private Universities in Kenya have continuously faced a number of challenges such as declining quality of educational programs, quality of research, authenticity of degrees granted, flexibility of the university programs, innovations created and efficient utilization of resources at their disposal. Despite the increasing number of students seeking higher education, these numbers have not translated to better performance in these Universities. Modern business environment calls for organizations, including private Universities to identify and exploit strategic capabilities for them to effectively compete and boost their performance. These universities need to harness their resources, and exploit their competences in order to gain competitive advantage. There is therefore a need for private universities to consider networking capability by creating, maintaining, and utilising relationships with relevant stakeholders in order to boost their performance. This study sought to establish the effect of networking capability on performance of private universities in Kenya. The study was anchored on the Resource Based View theory. It was founded on positivist research philosophy and adopted a cross-sectional descriptive survey research design. Primary data collected from faculty deans, registrars’ administrations and finance, human resource managers and ICT managers was used in the study. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics; means, frequencies and standard deviations and inferential statistics (correlation and regression analysis). The study established that private universities adopted networking capability only to a moderate extent (mean=3.39). There was a significant effect of relational trust (β=0.194; P=0.001), relational capability (β=0.079; P=0.000), relational strength (β=0.103; P=0.017), coordination within networks (β=0.106; P=0.010), and information sharing (β=0.278; P=0.000) on performance of private universities. Initiation of business relationships (β=0.053; P=0.412), and learning for success (β=0.007; P=0.926) had no significant effect on university performance. Overall, the study concluded that networking capability has a significant effect on performance of private universities in Kenya. Based on this conclusion, the study recommended that that private universities in Kenya should focus on ways of creating, maintaining, and maximizing avenues for information sharing, trust amongst stakeholders, inter-university relations, strengthen relations, and improve coordination within their networks. The study contributes to the body of knowledge by proposing a strategic capability model for private universities (and to a great extent public universities) for improving their performance by redirecting their focus to networking capability.
Abstract: Private Universities in Kenya have continuously faced a number of challenges such as declining quality of educational programs, quality of research, authenticity of degrees granted, flexibility of the university programs, innovations created and efficient utilization of resources at their disposal. Despite the increasing number of students seeking ...
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Informal Economy and Financial Development in West African Economic and Monetary Union Countries (WAEMU): Role of Institutions
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, September 2020
Pages:
187-198
Received:
17 August 2020
Accepted:
2 September 2020
Published:
19 September 2020
Abstract: Informal economy is highly developed in sub-Saharan African countries, particularly, in West African Economic and Monetary Union Countries (WAEMU). In fact, the size of informal economy has been around 50% of GDP in recent years, despite the efforts made by international institutions (IMF and the African Union (AU)) to contain its development. It should be noted that informality increase has consequences on economy. On the one hand, a thriving informal economy can cause serious difficulties for policymakers because official indicators on unemployment, labor force, income, and consumption are unreliable. A policy based on wrong official indicators may be ineffective or even worse. On the other hand, a large amount of informality is found to be detrimental to economic growth. Notwithstanding these facts, this large size of informality is accompanied by a financial sector that is struggling to develop, despite the various efforts of the authorities in charge of this sector. Added to this is the low quality of public institutions in these countries. Based on these facts, the aims of this research is to analyze the effect of financial development on the development of informality, but also the non-linear relationship between informal economy, financial development and the quality of institutions, in of the West African Economic and Monetary Union countries (WAEMU), over period of 1991 to 2017. For this purpose, pooled mean group (PMG) model is used to analyze the effect of financial development on the informal economy. And for the non-linear analysis, threshold model specification (Panel Threshold Regression: PTR) is used. The results show that for financial development to contribute to reducing the size of the informal economy, the quality of institutions must reach a threshold of 0.575 on a scale of 0 to 1. It also shows that real GDP per capita and education attainment have a negative effect on informality. On the other hand, the unemployment rate, the rate of urbanization and the share of agriculture in GDP have a positive effect on informality.
Abstract: Informal economy is highly developed in sub-Saharan African countries, particularly, in West African Economic and Monetary Union Countries (WAEMU). In fact, the size of informal economy has been around 50% of GDP in recent years, despite the efforts made by international institutions (IMF and the African Union (AU)) to contain its development. It s...
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