Research Article
Poly (2-Acrylamido 2-Methyl 1-Propane Sulphonic Acid) Hydrogel for the Sorption Studies of Brilliant Green Dye: Isotherm and Thermodynamic Studies
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, June 2026
Pages:
1-12
Received:
1 December 2025
Accepted:
16 December 2025
Published:
16 January 2026
Abstract: Poly (2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulphonic acid) [PAMPS] hydrogel was synthesized via free radical polymerization using 2-Acrylamido 2-methyl 1-propane sulphonic acid (AMPS) monomer, N, N-Methylenebisacrylamide (MBAA) cross-linker and potassium per sulphate (KPS) as the initiator and evaluated as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of Brilliant Green (BG) dye from aqueous solutions. Batch sorption experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of key operational parameters, such as pH, temperature, initial concentration of dye and sorbent doses. Equilibrium data were analyzed using common adsorption isotherm models and sorption isotherm data was found to fit best with the Dubinin-Radushkevich model with the highest correlation (R2=0.9808) at the temperature of 37.5°C. Thermodynamic parameters such as Gibbs free energy (ΔG°), enthalpy (ΔH°), and entropy (ΔS°) were determined to elucidate the nature of the adsorption process. The positive Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) suggesting non-spontaneous process and a positive enthalpy change (ΔH°= 0.003 kJ/ mol), indicating an endothermic process. The maximum sorption capacity was observed at 37.5°C with a removal efficiency up to 97.28% under optimized conditions. In addition, desorption studies using different types of solvents revealed the impact of the nature of the solvents on this sort of surface phenomenon. Overall, the findings demonstrate that PAMPS hydrogel is a promising and thermally responsive adsorbent for the effective removal of Brilliant Green dye, highlighting its potential application in wastewater treatment.
Abstract: Poly (2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulphonic acid) [PAMPS] hydrogel was synthesized via free radical polymerization using 2-Acrylamido 2-methyl 1-propane sulphonic acid (AMPS) monomer, N, N-Methylenebisacrylamide (MBAA) cross-linker and potassium per sulphate (KPS) as the initiator and evaluated as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of Brill...
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Research Article
Appraisal of Pesticide Application and Associated Factors Among Farmers in Three Districts of West Shoa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia
Tadele Shiberu*
,
Alemayehu Adugna,
Hailu Duguma,
Ararsa Lata,
Tadesse Debele,
Teshale Jifara,
Gonfa Tolera,
Gemechu Nedi,
Solomon Tamiru
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, June 2026
Pages:
13-24
Received:
5 June 2026
Accepted:
18 June 2026
Published:
18 September 2026
Abstract: In Ethiopia, the use of pesticides is increasing day by day. However, the handling and safety during practices are still very low, and farmers are directly exposed to chemicals that harm their health. The objective of this study was to assess farmers' understanding and practices related to pesticide mixing and application on their crops. This study was carried out in different districts of West Shoa Zone, Oromia Regional State of Ethiopia, where the potential use of pesticides is very high. A total of 270 small-scale respondents were interviewed during this survey study. About 95.19% of farmers in the study used pesticides, while the rest (4.81%) did not use pesticides. Regarding the use of common pesticides in the study, the survey results reflect that about 25.9% of respondents used all three pesticides (Herbicide, Fungicide, and Insecticide). Respondents were asked about their precautions during pesticide mixing and application; more than half (67.04%) answered ‘no’. They always use hats, boots, and masks to prevent themselves from direct pesticide contact. All the respondents (100%) never wear overall protective clothes, but very few (4.44%) wear ordinary clothes, hats, masks, and boots when spraying and mixing pesticides. Over 74.44% of the farmers acknowledged pesticide containers have labels, while 16.67% responded that there was no labeling on the container. Most respondents (85.56%) follow the weather conditions to apply pesticides to their crops. Only 7.78% and 3.70% of the respondents wash their whole body immediately and their hands immediately before eating, respectively. The results of this study indicate that due to the unsafe use of pesticides, farmers are at high risk of pesticide exposure. According to this study, farmers require thorough training on pesticide safety, guidance, and regular follow-up from extension services to reduce the danger of pesticide exposure.
Abstract: In Ethiopia, the use of pesticides is increasing day by day. However, the handling and safety during practices are still very low, and farmers are directly exposed to chemicals that harm their health. The objective of this study was to assess farmers' understanding and practices related to pesticide mixing and application on their crops. This study...
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