Research Article
Design, Synthesis, and Antimicrobial Profiling of Novel Schiff Base Metal (II) Complexes: Structural Characterization and Structure
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 6, December 2025
Pages:
152-163
Received:
4 November 2025
Accepted:
14 November 2025
Published:
17 December 2025
Abstract: This study aimed to design, synthesize, and characterize novel ruthenium (II) Schiff base complexes as potential antimicrobial agents to address the growing crisis of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. Despite advances in antibiotic development, resistance to existing drugs, particularly in Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli-demands new compounds with alternative mechanisms of action. A key research gap lies in the limited exploration of pyridine-imine Schiff base ruthenium complexes with systematic substitution (-Br, -OH) and a comparison between simple Ru (II) and Ru(II)-p-cymene architectures. Ligands and their Ru (II) complexes were synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H NMR, and melting point. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated using agar disc diffusion against both bacterial strains at concentrations ranging from 125 to 1000 µg/mL, with data analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Fisher’s LSD test (α = 0.05). Results showed Ru (II) complexes exhibited significantly higher inhibition than free ligands (p ≤ 0.05), with bromo- and hydroxy-substituted cymene complexes (e.g., L-C2, L1-C2) displaying the strongest activity (up to 14 -15 mm zones). Although all compounds were less potent than gentamycin, the enhanced bioactivity upon metal coordination supports Tweedy’s chelation theory. These findings validate Ru (II)-Schiff base complexes as promising scaffolds for future antimicrobial development, warranting further studies on MIC, toxicity, and antifungal activity.
Abstract: This study aimed to design, synthesize, and characterize novel ruthenium (II) Schiff base complexes as potential antimicrobial agents to address the growing crisis of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. Despite advances in antibiotic development, resistance to existing drugs, particularly in Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli-demands ...
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Research Article
Some Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Molecular Interactions Prevailing in Cyclic Diether + 1-alkanols Binary Liquid Mixtures Through Ultrasonic Measurements
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 6, December 2025
Pages:
164-179
Received:
19 November 2025
Accepted:
4 December 2025
Published:
29 December 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajac.20251306.12
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Abstract: The density, viscosity and sound velocity for binary mixtures of 1,3-dioxolane + pentanol, 1,3-dioxolane + hexanol, 1,3-dioxolane + heptanol, 1,3-dioxolane + octanol, 1,3-dioxolane + nonanol and 1,3-dioxolane + decanol have been measured at the temperature 298.15 K, are conducted at atmospheric pressure. From these experimental values, various thermodynamic and excess thermodynamic properties were calculated. The adiabatic compressibility (βad), excess adiabatic compressibility (βadE), inter molecular free length (Lf), excess inter molecular free length (LfE), enthalpy (H), excess enthalpy (HE), free volume (Vf), excess free volume (VfE)), internal pressure (Pi), excess internal pressure (piE) have been in vestigated from density (ρ), viscosity (η) and sound velocity (u) measurements of six binary liquid mixtures of 1,3-Dioxolane with pentanol, hexanol, heptanol, octanol, nonanol and decanol over the entire composition range of mole fractions at 298.15K. An excess values of adiabatic compressibility (βadE), inter molecular free length (LfE)), excess enthalpy (HE), excess free volume (LfE) and excess internal pressure (piE) were plotted against the mole fraction of 1,3-dioxolane over the whole composition range. The excess properties are found to be negative depending on the molecular interactions and the nature of the liquid mixtures. The systems studied exhibit very strong cross association through hydrogen bonding.
Abstract: The density, viscosity and sound velocity for binary mixtures of 1,3-dioxolane + pentanol, 1,3-dioxolane + hexanol, 1,3-dioxolane + heptanol, 1,3-dioxolane + octanol, 1,3-dioxolane + nonanol and 1,3-dioxolane + decanol have been measured at the temperature 298.15 K, are conducted at atmospheric pressure. From these experimental values, various ther...
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Research Article
Study of the Antidiabetic Activity of the Ethanol Extracts of the Leaves and Juice of the Fruits of Morinda citrifolia
Wade Moustapha,
Mbow Bedie*
,
Thiam Abdoulaye,
Sy Papa Biram,
Diop Serigne Mbacke,
Diop Awa,
Fall Alioune,
Sene Madieye,
Fofana Mouhamadou
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 6, December 2025
Pages:
180-187
Received:
24 November 2025
Accepted:
9 December 2025
Published:
30 December 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajac.20251306.13
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Abstract: The present study aims to evaluate the effect on blood glucose of the ethanolic extract of the leaves and juice of Morinda citrifolia (rubiaceae) leaves and fruit in a model of type 2 diabetes. After maceration in ethanol (95%), followed by filtration, the resulting extract is concentrated using a rotary evaporator to remove the extraction solvent. The juice extract is obtained by pressing, followed by filtration. The resulting filtrate is subjected to a series of extractions with ethanol and then concentrated using a rotary evaporator. The extracts are tested in normoglycemic rats in a glucose tolerance test, as well as in type 2 diabetic rats. They had virtually no effect on the basal blood glucose levels of normoglycemic rats, with values of 0.85 ± 0.03 vs 0.78 ± 0.035 g/L and 0.87 ± 0.04 vs 0.76 ± 0.015 g/L respectively at T0 and T4h and at oral doses of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg for the ethanol extract of the juice. For the ethanol extract of the leaves, the values were estimated at 0.815 ± 0.04 vs 0.66 ± 0.015 g/L and 0.792 ± 0.025 vs 0.695 ± 0.03 g/L respectively at oral doses of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg. The tested extracts showed antihyperglycemic activity in a glucose tolerance test. Indeed, at oral doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg of ethanolic extracts of the leaves and juice, the hyperglycemic peaks after glucose administration (4 g/kg orally) were reached at 1.80 ± 0.1 and 1.52 ± 0.16 g/L, respectively, at baseline (T0), then at 1.29 ± 0.25 g/L and 1.45 ± 0.41 g/L at 30 minutes (t30min), compared to 2.03 ± 0.28 g/l in the control group. Furthermore, the juice extract exhibited antihyperglycemic effects in a model of alloxan-induced insulin secretion disorder. Indeed, at a dose of 50 mg/kg orally, blood glucose, after eight (08) days of observation, were 1.5 ± 0.51g/L vs 3.96 ± 0.40 in the control group (physiological saline) and 1.9 ± 0.94 in the group treated with glibenclamide. The compounds contained in the leaves and fruits of Morinda citrifolia exhibit anti-hyperglycemic properties. These results are explained by the presence in the extract of chemical compounds such as flavonoids, whose role in modulating sensitivity and regulating carbohydrate metabolism has been demonstrated in previous studies.
Abstract: The present study aims to evaluate the effect on blood glucose of the ethanolic extract of the leaves and juice of Morinda citrifolia (rubiaceae) leaves and fruit in a model of type 2 diabetes. After maceration in ethanol (95%), followed by filtration, the resulting extract is concentrated using a rotary evaporator to remove the extraction solvent....
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