Research Article
Inventory of Seedlings Field Survival and Its Production Costin AdamiTulluand Dugda District of Central Rift Valley of Oromia, Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, April 2024
Pages:
1-7
Received:
24 November 2023
Accepted:
14 December 2023
Published:
18 January 2024
Abstract: Following production of large number of seedling each year; plantation campaign has conducted in large scale. The study was designed to assess the seedling production and its survival in East Shewa zone of Oromia region. From East ShewaAdami Tulu JidoKombolcha and Dugda Districts were selected. Survival count through transect on communal plantation sites wereused to obtain the primary data. Direct observation and the record of government nurseries seedling production and management data were obtained from the districts nursery during survey operation. As a result, even though there is a mass production of seedling and large scale plantation, there is poor nursery management and insignificant number of survival of planted seedlings on the field according to the data from survey result and actual count from selected plantation sites. Among the factors responsible for less seedling survival un accessible water sources and lack of overall management are the common factors at both districts. Therefore, it is important to take the revert action to save the undermined huge investment cost to the success of plantation. Post plantation management and budget allocation for transplanted plants also crucial for plantation success.
Abstract: Following production of large number of seedling each year; plantation campaign has conducted in large scale. The study was designed to assess the seedling production and its survival in East Shewa zone of Oromia region. From East ShewaAdami Tulu JidoKombolcha and Dugda Districts were selected. Survival count through transect on communal plantation...
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Research Article
Roosting and Breeding Ecology of Birds in Shola Sky Island Forests: A Systematic Review and Analysis
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, March 2024
Pages:
8-13
Received:
21 December 2023
Accepted:
12 January 2024
Published:
23 January 2024
Abstract: The Shola Sky Island forests, located in the Western Ghats of India, are unique ecosystems renowned for their high elevation, isolated patches of evergreen forests, and rich avian biodiversity. Understanding the roosting and breeding ecology of birds in these forests is essential for their conservation and management. However, a comprehensive synthesis of the existing literature on this topic is lacking. This systematic review aims to fill this knowledge gap by analyzing and summarizing the available research on the roosting and breeding ecology of birds in the Shola Sky Island forests. The review focuses on various aspects of bird ecology, including roosting site selection, roosting strategies, breeding phenology, nest site selection, nesting behaviors, and factors influencing non-roosting and breeding behaviors. The literature search encompasses studies conducted in the Shola Sky Island forests, covering a wide range of bird species and their ecological requirements. Findings from the review highlight the importance of specific habitat characteristics, such as vegetation structure, microclimate, and resource availability, in influencing bird roosting and breeding behaviors. The availability of suitable roosting sites and nesting habitats within the forest plays a crucial role in determining the distribution and abundance of bird species. Factors such as food availability, altitudinal movements, social interactions, and territoriality also impact non-roosting and breeding behaviors in these forests. Furthermore, the review emphasizes the challenges posed by habitat fragmentation, climate change, and human activities to the roosting and breeding ecology of birds in the Shola Sky Island forests. Understanding these threats and their implications for bird populations is essential for effective conservation and management strategies.
Abstract: The Shola Sky Island forests, located in the Western Ghats of India, are unique ecosystems renowned for their high elevation, isolated patches of evergreen forests, and rich avian biodiversity. Understanding the roosting and breeding ecology of birds in these forests is essential for their conservation and management. However, a comprehensive synth...
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Research Article
Flowing Through Change: Investigating the Impacts of Human Activities on Urban River Water Quality in the Kumba River, South West Region of Cameroon
Mary Lum Fonteh Niba,
Besende Didien Njumba*
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, March 2024
Pages:
14-23
Received:
15 January 2024
Accepted:
26 January 2024
Published:
5 February 2024
Abstract: This study seeks to examine the relationship between the different urban land use activities in the Kumba metropolis and the related implications on the Kumba river water quality. This involved collection of water samples from the Kumba river as well as performing laboratory tests to determine variations in the river's Physical, chemical and bacteriological properties. The parameters analyzed were temperature, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, Electrical Conductivity, odour, colour, turbidity, nitrite, nitrate, pH, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia, phosphorus, chlorine, nitrates, nitrites and some heavy metals like copper, phosphate, iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium and Faecal Coliform. Water samples were collected from five sampling points in the month of February 2023(peak dry season) and in the month of April 2023(for the rainy season). The data from the analysis of the water samples were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics, on both Microsoft Excel and SPSS. The study found that the p values were less than 0.05 at a confidence level of 95%, which suggests that the Kumba River is polluted due to the effects of different urban land use activities in the city. The water quality parameters of the collected samples showed that areas with high dependence on the river for urban activities registered significantly poor water quality, compared to samples with limited dependence on the river for urban land uses. Based on these findings, it is recommended that anthropogenic activities within the area be closely monitored as urbanization continues to rapidly occur and its effects continue to pollute the river, making it harmful not only to ecosystems but also rendering it unfit for river channel crop cultivation. Additionally, the study concluded that changes in Land Use Land Cover (LULC) between 2007 and 2023 have statistically significant effects on the physicochemical and microbial water quality of the Kumba River. Therefore, it is vital to address the rate at which forests are being converted to agricultural lands and the intense use of agrochemicals on these farms and plantations.
Abstract: This study seeks to examine the relationship between the different urban land use activities in the Kumba metropolis and the related implications on the Kumba river water quality. This involved collection of water samples from the Kumba river as well as performing laboratory tests to determine variations in the river's Physical, chemical and bacter...
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